1. The effect of biochar applied alone and in combination with mineral and organic fertilisers on the yield of white cabbage and soil propertiesManfred Jakop, Nataša Belšak Šel, Erik Rihter, Tjaša Cenčič, Dušan Klinar, Denis Stajnko, Silva Grobelnik Mlakar, 2023, izvirni znanstveni članek Opis: The study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of biochar application on fertile soils in a temperate climate during the first year of application. The field trial was conducted on a nutrient-rich silt loam soil at two experimental sites in north-eastern Slovenia (Biš and Skorba). The effect of biochar applied alone or in combination with compost or mineral fertiliser on soil properties and yield of white cabbage was studied. In addition to the control (C), the soil received five treatments including biochar (B; 1.5 t/ha), compost (CO; 1.5 t/ha), biochar-mixed compost (BCO; 3.0 t/ha), standard mineral fertilisers (NPK; NPK 0.35 t/ha, potassium sulphate 0.25 t/ha and calcium ammonium nitrate 0.25 t/ha) and combined application of half the amount
of NPK and BCO (NPK+BCO). The results showed that the applied treatments had no significant influence on the measured soil chemical parameters, except for the amount of total organic carbon, electrical conductivity and pH in Biš and total carbon in Skorba. All investigated parameters (cabbage head weight, head circumference, total and market yield) were higher at the experimental site Skorba. Statistically significant differences were found only at the experimental site Biš, where the treatment influenced all parameters (p < 0.01), except for the head circumference of the cabbage. The NPK and NPK+BCO treatments produced significantly higher total yields (66.7 t/ha and 65.8 t/ha, respectively) and marketable yields (53.2 t/ha and 51.8 t/ha, respectively) compared to the other treatments (41.3-52.6 t/ha and 30.5-42.4 t/ha, respectively). Although the differences between the other treatments were insignificant, a trend of decreasing cabbage yields towards CO > BCO > B was observed. Similar results were also obtained when analysing the average data of the two experimental sites. Ključne besede: biochar, soil amendments, fertilisers, soil chemical properties, cabbage yield Objavljeno v DKUM: 23.04.2025; Ogledov: 0; Prenosov: 0
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2. Specific fertilization practices reveal important insights into the complex interaction between microbes and enzymes in soils of different farming systemsMaša Pintarič, Ana Štuhec, Eva Tratnik, Tomaž Langerholc, 2024, izvirni znanstveni članek Opis: The interaction of microorganisms and their enzyme activity is one of the key indicators for a comprehensive measurement of soil health. The aim of this study was to determine significant correlations between different soil microorganisms and enzyme activities of β-glucosidase, N-acetyl-glucosaminidase, urease, arylamidase, phosphatase, acid phosphatase, alkaline phosphatase, and arylsulfatase after supplementation with standard fertilizer, spent mushroom substrate and composed fertilizer in soils from conventional–integrated, organic and biodynamic farming. Samples were grouped according to the farming system and fertilization for all seasons. The biodynamic farm was the least affected by the different fertilizations, except for standard fertilization. Standard fertilizer caused negative correlations between the actinomycetes and the arylsulfatase in organic and biodynamic farms. The same fertilization affected the actinomycetes/phosphatase relationship differently, regardless of the basic soil structure. Actinomycetes correlated positively with acid phosphatase and urease in conventional–integrated and biodynamic farms after spent mushroom substrate, respectively. Arylamidase activity in relation to total microorganisms responded to fertilization with standard fertilizer and spent mushroom substrate independently of the basic soil structure. Fertilization can influence the soil microbe/enzyme relationships in different soils. Regardless of the basic soil structure, some of these relationships could be important indicators for further studies. Ključne besede: agriculture, conventional-integrated, organic, biodynamic, fertilization, soil microorganisms, soil enzyme activity Objavljeno v DKUM: 17.04.2025; Ogledov: 0; Prenosov: 0
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3. Spent mushroom substrate improves microbial quantities and enzymatic activity in soils of different farming systemsMaša Pintarič, Ana Štuhec, Eva Tratnik, Tomaž Langerholc, 2024, izvirni znanstveni članek Ključne besede: conventional-integrated, organic, biodynamic, soil microorganisms, soil enzymatic activity, spent mushroom substrate Objavljeno v DKUM: 17.04.2025; Ogledov: 0; Prenosov: 1
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4. The effects of hedgerows shading on soil temperature and gravimetric soil water contentAndreja Borec, Tina Lešnik, Tadeja Kraner Šumenjak, Mateja Muršec, 2023, izvirni znanstveni članek Opis: This study sets out to examine the effects of hedgerow shading on soil physical properties, specifically soil gravimetric water content and soil temperature. Analyses of both soil parameters were conducted at two locations with different shade proportion.
The aim of the study was to address the links between hedgerow shading and basic physical soil properties which could be significant both for agricultural production and for ecological processes in agroecosystems. At both locations, soil samples and measurements were taken at different distances from hedgerow and in different time intervals. Diurnal shading variation at certain distances from the hedgerow on Location 1 and 2 was calculated with the software toll for Arboriculturists. At Location 1 shading is consistently high throughout the year, ranging from 76 to 100%. In contrast, shading at Location 2 varies from 1 to 25%.
The results reveal that hedgerows at Location 1, do not have a statistically significant impact on gravimetric soil water content and soil temperature across the entire plot surface. Additionally, the percentage of shading is only marginally decreases with distance.
Conversely, Location 2 exhibits an increase in soil temperature and a slight but (non-significant) decrease in soil gravimetric water content as the distance from the hedgerow increases., The total mean shading at Location 2 is considerably lower compared to
Location 1, and the shading percentage declines more at the distance from the hedgerow increases. Overall, lower soil temperatures and higher gravimetric soil water content where observed at the more shaded Location 1. The research outcomes are helpful in
agricultural production planning as well as in the evaluation of hedgerows for the needs of agricultural policy. Ključne besede: soil water content, soil temperature, hedgerow, sunlight Objavljeno v DKUM: 11.04.2025; Ogledov: 0; Prenosov: 4
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5. Morphological, surface and thermal properties of polylactic acid foils, melamine-etherified resin, and polyethylene terephthalate fabric during (bio)degradation in soilOlivija Plohl, Alen Erjavec, Lidija Fras Zemljič, Alenka Vesel, Maja Čolnik, Mojca Škerget, Yee Van Fan, Lidija Čuček, Gregor Trimmel, Julija Volmajer Valh, 2023, izvirni znanstveni članek Ključne besede: plastic materials, (bio)degradation, soil, surface chemistry, thermal properties, surface zeta potential Objavljeno v DKUM: 28.02.2025; Ogledov: 0; Prenosov: 6
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6. Use of Lignin, Waste Tire Rubber, and Waste Glass for Soil StabilizationSüleyman Gücek, Cahit Gürer, Bojan Žlender, Murat V. Taciroğlu, Burak E. Korkmaz, Kürşat Gürkan, Tamara Bračko, Borut Macuh, Rok Varga, Primož Jelušič, 2024, izvirni znanstveni članek Opis: The complex interactions between soil and additives such as lignin, glass powder, and rubber tires were investigated using principles of material and soil mechanics. Previous research has mainly focused on individual additives in clay soils. In contrast, this study investigates soil improvement with two different types of waste materials simultaneously. The improvement of soil properties by hybrid waste materials was evaluated using several laboratory tests, including the standard Proctor test, the unconfined compressive strength test, the California Bearing Ratio (CBR) test, and cyclic triaxial tests. The aim of this research is to identify key parameters for the design and construction of road pavements and to demonstrate that improving the subgrade with hybrid waste materials contributes significantly to the sustainability of road construction. The mechanical and physical properties were evaluated in detail to determine the optimal mixtures. The results show that the most effective mixture for the combination of waste glass powder and rubber tires contains 20% glass powder and 3% rubber tires, based on the dry weight of the soil. For the combination of waste glass powder and lignin, the optimum mixture consists of 15% glass powder and 15% lignin, based on the dry weight of the soil. These results provide valuable insights into the sustainable use of waste materials for soil stabilization in road construction projects.
Ključne besede: soil stabilization, waste glass, tire rubber waste, lignin, hybrid waste usage, mechanical
properties, pavement structure Objavljeno v DKUM: 28.02.2025; Ogledov: 0; Prenosov: 4
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7. Ex situ bioremediation of diesel fuel-contaminated soil in two different climatesTjaša Cenčič, Tinkara Mastnak, Marta Svoljšak, Matjaž Finšgar, 2023, izvirni znanstveni članek Opis: The petroleum industry is often faced with accidental spills and discharges that pollute valuable natural resources such as soil. The purpose of this study was to assess bioremediation potential of an on-site landfarming unit (LU), a highly economical solution that complies with the zero-waste policy, for bioremediation of the contaminated soil after an actual diesel fuel leakage in a fuel depot. The first aim was to evaluate the effects of different climates on hydrocarbon bioremediation. For this reason, a part of the contaminated soil was moved from the initial location with a sub-Mediterranean climate to an LU at another location with a temperate continental climate. Our results demonstrated that remediation in sub-Mediterranean climate is less effective than the remediation in a temperate continental climate. The second aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of different plant species on the microbial population during bioremediation. For that purpose, 365-day monitoring of phospholipid fatty acids (PLFA) was performed. Our results support the hypothesis that plant-assisted bioremediation can diminish toxic effects of diesel-polluted soil and that the changes in plant species during bioremediation cause changes in the microbial population. Ključne besede: bioremediation, climatic effect, contamined soil, microbial community, petroleum hydrocarbons Objavljeno v DKUM: 21.02.2025; Ogledov: 0; Prenosov: 4
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8. The approach of using a horizontally layered soil model for inhomogeneous soil, by taking into account the deeper layers of the soil, and determining the model’s parameters using evolutionary methodsMarko Jesenik, Mislav Trbušić, 2025, izvirni znanstveni članek Opis: A new approach using a horizontally layered analytical soil model for inhomogeneous soil is presented. The presented approach also considers deeper soil layers, which is not the case when simply dividing the area of interest into smaller subareas. The finite element method model was used to prepare test data because, in such a case, the soil parameters are known. Six lines simulating Wenner’s method were used, and their results were combined appropriately to determine the soil parameters of nine subareas. To determine the soil parameters in the scope of each subarea, different optimization methods were used and compared to each other. The results were analyzed, and Artificial Bee Colony was selected as the most appropriate method among those tested. Additionally, the convergence of the methods was analyzed, and Memory Assistance is presented, with the aim of shortening the calculation time. In this study, three-, four-, five-, and six-layered soil models were tested, and it is concluded that the three-layered model is most appropriate. A finite element method model based on the soil determination results was constructed to verify the results. The results of the Wenner’s method simulation in the cases of the test data and final model were compared to confirm the accuracy of the presented method Ključne besede: grounding system, soil model, finite element method, differential evolution, artificial bee colony, teaching–learning-based optimization Objavljeno v DKUM: 21.02.2025; Ogledov: 0; Prenosov: 3
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9. Identifying changes in foliar fatty acids composition caused by exposure to diesel fuel-contaminated soilTjaša Cenčič, Mojca Birk, Marta Svoljšak, Matjaž Finšgar, 2024, izvirni znanstveni članek Ključne besede: foliar fatty acids, omega-3 index, effect, phytoremediation, diesel fuel soil pollution Objavljeno v DKUM: 29.01.2025; Ogledov: 0; Prenosov: 8
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10. Contaminants in the soil and typical crops of the Pannonian region of SloveniaŽiga Jelen, Milan Svetec, Peter Majerič, Stanko Kapun, Lara Resman, Tatjana Čeh, Granit Hajra, Rebeka Rudolf, 2024, izvirni znanstveni članek Opis: Soil contamination and the uptake of pollutants by food crops are widespread issues that vary greatly by region and are influenced by the mineral composition of the soil and local human activities. The Pannonian region, where agriculture has played a key role since Roman times, has been particularly impacted by the long-standing agricultural and industrial practices. While soil contamination with heavy metals is monitored by the Slovenian government, microplastic contamination and the uptake of pollutants into food crops have yet to become a regular component of monitoring efforts. In this study, we conducted a preliminary investigation into soil and crop contamination across the Pannonian region, focusing on identifying harmful contaminants and their potential uptake into food crops. Both soil and crop samples were analyzed for the presence of heavy metals with proven methods such as atomic absorption spectrometry (FASS), graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (GF-AAS), atomic fluorescence spectrometry (AFS), and inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) was found to be a potentially faster method of obtaining data on soil composition. Special attention was also given to the potential presence of microplastics in the region’s soils. Ključne besede: soil contamination, Pannonia, soil, food crops, heavy metals, microplastics Objavljeno v DKUM: 28.11.2024; Ogledov: 0; Prenosov: 3
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