1. Prisoner rehabilitation in RomaniaIoan Durnescu, Petronel Mirel Dobrica, Catalin Bejan, 2010, pregledni znanstveni članek Opis: Purpose:
This paper examines the construction and the reconstruction of the concept of prisoner rehabilitation in the prison context since 1874 until today taking into account the way this concept was reflected in the law or the subsequent official documents. Some figures and trends are introduced into the discussion to help a better understanding of the concept. Rehabilitation is analyzed using a three pillars model: human capital, social capital and legitimate opportunities.
Design/Methodology/Approach:
The analysis mainly takes into account the primary and the secondary legislation although in order to illustrate different points statistical figures and research reports are also used. The article starts with the legislation adopted in 1874 and examines all prison legislation up to 2006, focusing particularly on prisoner rehabilitation.
Findings:
The article concludes that although a lot of progress took place in understanding rehabilitation from all three perspectives (human capital, social capital and legitimate opportunities) there is still room for improvement in developing legitimate opportunities for ex-prisoners.
Research limitations:
Although the difference between “law in theory” and “law in action” is acknowledged this articles looks mainly to the law texts. This might create a different picture of reality but nevertheless reflects the general perspective used in approaching prisoner rehabilitation. Somehow surprisingly, the subject of prisoner rehabilitation was central in almost all prison legislation although it was not always in line with the prevailing ideology.
Practical implications:
>As stated above, good and bad examples of behaviour transformation may be observed in the past legislation. The main policy implication is that there was a time when the issue of resettlement or aftercare was considered a penal policy issue. The current legislation is completely silent in this respect.
Originality/Value:
Prisoner rehabilitation is scrutinized from the historical perspective using a relatively new theoretical framework.
Ključne besede: prisoner, rehabilitation, social capital, human capital, opportunity system, Romania
Objavljeno v DKUM: 12.05.2020; Ogledov: 987; Prenosov: 50
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2. Social capital in rural communities in the NetherlandsFrans Thissen, 2009, izvirni znanstveni članek Opis: The quality of life in Dutch rural communities is high in comparison with urban communities in the Netherlands because of the residential quality of villages, the mobility of the inhabitants and the strong commitment by the inhabitants to the local society. However, today’s Dutch villages bear no resemblance to the traditional village and neither is social capital self-evident nowadays. This article presents evidence from two projects. It summarizes some results of a national survey organised within the framework of the research programme entitled ‘The Social State of the Countryside’, as carried out by the Social and Cultural Planning Office of The Netherlands (SCP) and a project in one of the most rural parts of the Netherlands (Zeeland). In the Zeeland villages, social capital is analysed from the point of view of the relationship between quality of life, social cohesion and local community care in small villages.
Ključne besede: transformation of rural communities, civil society, social capital, quality of life, social vitality, social cohesion, community care
Objavljeno v DKUM: 19.03.2018; Ogledov: 1555; Prenosov: 113
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3. Knowledge - keystone of the modern economyVeselin Drašković, Radislav Jovović, Borut Jereb, Mimo Drašković, 2013, znanstvena monografija Opis: Over the past 15 years, issues related to knowledge and knowledge management in companies and academic and research spheres have gained on importance. Knowledge is seen as an endless resource, a key element of innovations, competitiveness, economic growth and sustainable development.
The present volume examines theoretical and methodological concepts of knowledge management, the knowledge society and the new economy. Drawing on the idea of the knowledge paradigm the growing importance and the role of knowledge in the society, which depend on numerous institutional prerequisites, is emphasized. Moreover, attention is drawn to the need for implementing and spreading the knowledge, as a multidimensional and multidisciplinary notion, efficiently as well as to the need for a critical evaluation of the so-called imaginary knowledge.
The authors thus emphasize the need for the criteria of grading and knowledge transfer to be at the highest possible level. The field of knowledge leaves no place for improvisation, imperfection, and manipulation. This is the only ‘recipe’ for a successful future and a way out of any crisis.
Ključne besede: knowledge, economy, knowledge society, sustainability, new economy, knowledge economy, innovation, social capital, intellectual capital, knowledge management
Objavljeno v DKUM: 21.12.2015; Ogledov: 1449; Prenosov: 92
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4. The impact of individual, social and cultural factors on the social entrepreneurial intentions of business studentsIrena Kedmenec, 2015, doktorska disertacija Opis: Social entrepreneurship is a rather new concept in the scientific literature, with many definitions, due to numerous approaches to the phenomenon and its numerous manifestations. This thesis wants to contribute to the field by exploring the creation of social entrepreneurial intention. Building on the theory of entrepreneurial event, it was proposed that social entrepreneurial intention had three main antecedents: perceived desirability of social entrepreneurship, propensity to act and perceived feasibility of social entrepreneurship. Based on the literature, three sets of factors that facilitate the formation of social entrepreneurial intention were proposed: individual, social and cultural factors.
A questionnaire was created in order to collect the data. The questionnaire was completed by business students in five countries: Austria, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Macedonia, and Slovenia.
Firstly, the regression model confirmed that the perceived desirability of social entrepreneurship and perceived feasibility of social entrepreneurship had a positive impact on social entrepreneurial intention. However, propensity to act was not a significant antecedent of social entrepreneurial intention.
Secondly, the impact of different factors on the perceived desirability and perceived feasibility of social entrepreneurship was explored. Three individual factors were proven to have a statistically significant positive impact on social entrepreneurship desirability: social entrepreneurship education, experience in prosocial behaviour, and empathy. None of the investigated social factors in the model had any statistically significant impact on social entrepreneurship desirability. Out of the analysed cultural factors, three of them had statistically significant impacts. These are power distance, masculinity and individualism.
In the next phase, it was examined which individual, social and cultural factors influence the perceived feasibility of social entrepreneurship. Of the analysed individual factors, experience in prosocial behaviour again proved to have statistically significant positive impact. Hardship in life and creativity also increase the perceived feasibility of social entrepreneurship. Having a social entrepreneur among family and/or friends made social entrepreneurship look more feasible to the respondents. Knowing the entrepreneurial environment also increased the confidence in one’s ability to pursue a career in social entrepreneurship. Out of our cultural dimensions, only the power distance had a small positive influence.
The research clearly establishes that an experience in prosocial behaviour strengthens social entrepreneurial intentions. Therefore, social entrepreneurship education should include gaining some experience in volunteering, activism and making donations. One of the factors that influence social entrepreneurship feasibility is creativity. Educators should give their students various assignments that develop creative thinking. These assignments should include an analysis of social problems in the local community and the development of possible solutions by using the resources at hand. This research confirms that investing in entrepreneurship infrastructure is justifiable, since the students with greater understanding of its main components scored higher in social entrepreneurship feasibility. The impact would probably be even stronger if special funding schemes and incubators designed specifically for social entrepreneurs were developed. Students should also receive the message that social entrepreneurs’ efforts are appreciated in their society.
In future research, the model of social entrepreneurial intention should be upgraded with other possible factors of influence. Future studies should also explore the relationship between social entrepreneurial intention and behaviour by applying a longitudinal design.
Ključne besede: social entrepreneurial intention, social entrepreneurship, individual differences, social capital, culture
Objavljeno v DKUM: 16.06.2015; Ogledov: 2567; Prenosov: 323
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