1. Geotechnical aspects of N(H)bSs for enhancing Sub-Alpine mountain climate resilienceTamara Bračko, Primož Jelušič, Bojan Žlender, 2025, izvirni znanstveni članek Opis: Mountain resilience is the ability of mountain regions to endure, adapt to, and recover from environmental, climatic, and anthropogenic stressors. Due to their steep topography, extreme weather conditions, and unique biodiversity, these areas are particularly vulnerable to climate change, natural hazards, and human activities. This paper examines how nature-based solutions (NbSs) can strengthen slope stability and geotechnical resilience, with a specific focus on Slovenia’s sub-Alpine regions as a case study representative of the Alps and similar mountain landscapes worldwide. The proposed Climate-Adaptive Resilience Evaluation (CARE) concept integrates geomechanical analysis with geotechnical planning, addressing the impacts of climate change through a systematic causal chain that connects climate hazards, their effects, and resulting consequences. Key factors such as water infiltration, soil permeability, and groundwater dynamics are identified as critical elements in designing timely and effective NbSs. In scenarios where natural solutions alone may be insufficient, hybrid solutions (HbSs) that combine nature-based and conventional engineering methods are highlighted as essential for managing unstable slopes and restoring collapsed geostructures. The paper provides practical examples, including slope stability analyses and reforestation initiatives, to illustrate how to use the CARE concept and how NbSs can mitigate geotechnical risks and promote sustainability. By aligning these approaches with regulatory frameworks and climate adaptation objectives, it underscores the potential for integrating NbSs and HbSs into comprehensive, long-term geotechnical strategies for enhancing mountain resilience.
Ključne besede: mountain resilience, climate change, nature-based solutions (NbSs), hybrid solutions (HbSs), geotechnical planning, slope stability, landslides
Objavljeno v DKUM: 31.03.2025; Ogledov: 0; Prenosov: 6
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2. Implementation of climate change effects on slope stability analysisTamara Bračko, Bojan Žlender, Primož Jelušič, 2022, izvirni znanstveni članek Opis: The objective of this study is to determine the impacts of expected climate change on slope stability. For this purpose, the case study of a slope instability, that was triggered in 2021 was selected. The stability analysis was performed considering the theory of rainfall infiltration and using Geo-Studio’s SEEP/W module for the surface infiltration model of the slope. A parametric stability analysis of the slope was conducted to determine the importance of climate change on slope stability. Conditions for changes in volumetric water content, water permeability, porewater pressure, and groundwater flow are important. When soil permeability is low, the factor of safety decreases during rainfall events and on the days following, while when permeability is higher, safety increases after rainfall events. The effect of lower cohesion is nearly linear, with the factor of safety decreasing by 0.1 for every 1 kPa less cohesion. The increase in net infiltration of water may be the most critical factor for slope instability. The results of the analysis indicate that timely reduction of water net infiltration through planting and proper surface water runoff from the upper road and slope would be a relatively simple and inexpensive measure compared to the cost of remediating the landslide, considering expected climate change. Therefore, it is advisable to analyze all slopes with respect to the expected climate change, taking into account the potential impacts of climate change.
Ključne besede: climate change adaptation, slope stability, rainfall infiltration, water net infiltration, seepage analyses
Objavljeno v DKUM: 18.08.2023; Ogledov: 478; Prenosov: 982
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3. Lessons learnt from field tests in some potentially unstable slopes in SwitzerlandSarah Springman, Armin Askarinejad, Francesca Casini, Sven Friedel, Peter Kinzler, Philipp Teysseire, Andrea Thielen, 2012, izvirni znanstveni članek Opis: Rain-induced slope instability is a significant natural hazard in Switzerland, Slovenia and elsewhere in Europe. This contribution was prepared especially for the 12th Šuklje Symposium, and recognises that landslides occur both in mountain regions as well as in lowland regions during and following extreme-rainfall conditions. The Institute (and Professorship) for Geotechnical Engineering at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH Zürich) has been engaged over several years in projects concerned with the characterisation, monitoring and modelling behaviour of slopes in mainly granular porous media across the full range of altitudes in Switzerland. A link is made to the doyen of the Šuklje day and then three case histories are presented and discussed to demonstrate the principal reactions to seasonal rainfall. A small slip was released in two of these cases and the “triggering” factors have been investigated and are discussed in this contribution. It transpires that the mode of inslope drainage influences the way in which the ground saturates and hence the volume of the potentially unstable ground. Simple stability analyses using limit equilibrium and soil parameters that have been amended to account for unsaturated soil behaviour were found to function well for slopes in largely granular media.
Ključne besede: rain-induced landslides, slope stability, case histories, monitoring, characterisation, modelling
Objavljeno v DKUM: 13.06.2018; Ogledov: 1206; Prenosov: 162
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4. Analytical and numerical factor of safety (uls) calculations on reinforced embankmentsTadej Vidnar, 2017, magistrsko delo Opis: This thesis deals with factor of safety calculations on geogrid reinforced embankments carried out by commonly used limit equilibrium (LEM) and finite element methods (FEM). The study utilize LEM based software SLIDE and FEM based software PHASE2. The main difference between these two approaches is that the LEM methods are based on the static of equilibrium whereas FEM methods utilise the stress strain relationship. Unlike to LEM, numerical analysis also computes displacements.
For practical example of a geogrid reinforced embankment the factor of safeta (FoS) is calculated. Reinforced soil structures are nowadays utilized for a lot of civil engineering applications. Traditionally, the design of geogrid reinforced soil is performed using analytical methods (LEM). Unfortunately, these methods missing the fundamental physics of stress-strain relationship and are therefore not able to compute a realistic stress distribution.
In first step of the analysis the FoS is carried out with analytical approach. The most rigorous LEM methods, Bishop’s, Spencer’s and Morgenstern-Price are selected and the FoS for circular and polygonal slip surface is calculated.
In second step of the analysis the FoS is carried out with numerical approach. Shear strength reduction (SSR) procedure was performed to determine the critical strength reduction factor (SRF) which represents the FoS of slope.
Ključne besede: civil engineering, finite element method (FEM), limit equilibrium method (LEM), embankments, slope stability, bearing capacity failure, geosynthetics, geogrids, shear strains
Objavljeno v DKUM: 27.09.2017; Ogledov: 1449; Prenosov: 203
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