1. A review of analytical techniques for the determination of e-liquid and electronic cigarette aerosol compositionMatjaž Rantaša, David Majer, Matjaž Finšgar, 2025, pregledni znanstveni članek Opis: Since the introduction of electronic cigarettes (ECs) to the global market, the composition of e-liquids has been a controversial topic. While some consider ECs to be an effective tool for quitting smoking, their primary criticism lies in the uncertain and varied composition of e-liquids. Manufacturers create the desired formulations by mixing different ratios of humectants, flavorings, nicotine, cannabinoids, and cooling agents. However, the health effects of inhaling these compounds are still not well understood. Regular analytical control of e-liquids and aerosols is crucial to gain valuable insights into e-liquid composition, generating new compounds during aerosolization, and the potential impact on human health. This work presents an overview of the analytical techniques used for the qualitative and quantitative determination of e-liquid and aerosol compounds, including a description of the methods used for aerosol collection. Gas and liquid chromatography are the most used analytical techniques for compound determination, followed by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Additionally, inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry and inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectroscopy are the most frequently used analytical techniques for elemental determination in e-liquids and their aerosols.
Ključne besede: electronic cigarettes, e-liquids, aerosol, gas chromatography, high-performance liquid chromatography, inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry
Objavljeno v DKUM: 21.03.2025; Ogledov: 0; Prenosov: 2
 Celotno besedilo (2,11 MB) |
2. Response of two different wheat varieties to glow and afterglow oxygen plasmaPia Starič, Silva Grobelnik Mlakar, Ita Junkar, 2021, izvirni znanstveni članek Opis: Cold plasma technology has received significant attention in agriculture due to its effect on the seeds and plants of important cultivars, such as wheat. Due to climate change, wherein increasing temperatures and droughts are frequent, it is important to consider novel approaches to agricultural production. As increased dormancy levels in wheat are correlated with high temperatures and drought, improving the germination and root growth of wheat seeds could offer new possibilities for seed sowing. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of direct (glow) and indirect (afterglow) radio-frequency (RF) oxygen plasma treatments on the germination of two winter wheat varieties: Apache and Bezostaya 1. The influence of plasma treatment on seed surface morphology was studied using scanning electron microscopy, and it was observed that direct plasma treatment resulted in a high etching and nanostructuring of the seed surface. The effect of plasma treatment on germination was evaluated by measuring the germination rate, counting the number of roots and the length of the root system, and the fresh weight of seedlings. The results of this study indicate that the response of seeds to direct and indirect plasma treatment may be variety-dependent, as differences between the two wheat varieties were observed.
Ključne besede: cold plasma, nonthermal plasma, wheat, plants, afterglow plasma, glow plasma, SEM, roots, vigor, germination
Objavljeno v DKUM: 10.12.2024; Ogledov: 0; Prenosov: 4
Celotno besedilo (2,64 MB)
Gradivo ima več datotek! Več... |
3. A method for the immobilization of chitosan onto urinary cathetersAlenka Vesel, Nina Recek, Rok Zaplotnik, Albert Kurinčič, Katja Kuzmič, Lidija Fras Zemljič, 2022, izvirni znanstveni članek Opis: A method for the immobilization of an antibacterial chitosan coating to polymeric urinary medical catheters is presented. The method comprises a two-step plasma-treatment procedure, followed by the deposition of chitosan from the water solution. In the first plasma step, the urinary catheter is treated with vacuum-ultraviolet radiation to break bonds in the polymer surface film and create dangling bonds, which are occupied by hydrogen atoms. In the second plasma step, polymeric catheters are treated with atomic oxygen to form oxygen-containing surface functional groups acting as binding sites for chitosan. The presence of oxygen functional groups also causes a transformation of the hydrophobic polymer surface to hydrophilic, thus enabling uniform wetting and improved adsorption of the chitosan coating. The wettability was measured by the sessile-drop method, while the surface composition and structure were measured by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. Non-treated samples did not exhibit successful chitosan immobilization. The effect of plasma treatment on immobilization was explained by noncovalent interactions such as electrostatic interactions and hydrogen bonds.
Ključne besede: polymer, chitosan immobilization, adhesion, plasma-surface modification, biopolymers
Objavljeno v DKUM: 05.12.2024; Ogledov: 0; Prenosov: 3
Celotno besedilo (6,47 MB)
Gradivo ima več datotek! Več... |
4. Loss of oxygen atoms on well-oxidized cobalt by heterogeneous surface recombinationDomen Paul, Miran Mozetič, Rok Zaplotnik, Jernej Ekar, Alenka Vesel, Gregor Primc, Denis Đonlagić, 2023, izvirni znanstveni članek Opis: Calorimetry is a commonly used method in plasma characterization, but the accuracy of the method is tied to the accuracy of the recombination coefficient, which in turn depends on a number of surface effects. Surface effects also govern the kinetics in advanced methods such as atomic layer oxidation of inorganic materials and functionalization of organic materials. The flux of the reactive oxygen atoms for the controlled oxidation of such materials depends on the recombination coefficient of materials placed into the reaction chamber, which in turn depends on the surface morphology, temperature, and pressure in the processing chamber. The recombination coefficient of a well-oxidized cobalt surface was studied systematically in a range of temperatures from 300 to 800 K and pressures from 40 to 200 Pa. The coefficient increased monotonously with decreasing pressure and increasing temperature. The lowest value was about 0.05, and the highest was about 0.30. These values were measured for cobalt foils previously oxidized with oxygen plasma at the temperature of 1300 K. The oxidation caused a rich morphology with an average roughness as deduced from atomic force images of 0.9 µm. The results were compared with literature data, and the discrepancy between results reported by different authors was explained by taking into account the peculiarities of their experimental conditions.
Ključne besede: heterogeneous surface recombination, recombination coefficient, cobalt, cobalt oxide, temperature dependence, pressure dependence, plasma, oxygen
Objavljeno v DKUM: 26.03.2024; Ogledov: 228; Prenosov: 18
Celotno besedilo (3,59 MB)
Gradivo ima več datotek! Več... |
5. A review of recombination coefficients of neutral oxygen atoms for various materialsDomen Paul, Miran Mozetič, Rok Zaplotnik, Gregor Primc, Denis Đonlagić, Alenka Vesel, 2023, pregledni znanstveni članek Opis: Relevant data on heterogeneous surface recombination of neutral oxygen atoms available in the scientific literature are reviewed and discussed for various materials. The coefficients are determined by placing the samples either in non-equilibrium oxygen plasma or its afterglow. The experimental methods used to determine the coefficients are examined and categorized into calorimetry, actinometry, NO titration, laser-induced fluorescence, and various other methods and their combinations. Some numerical models for recombination coefficient determination are also examined. Correlations are drawn between the experimental parameters and the reported coefficients. Different materials are examined and categorized according to reported recombination coefficients into catalytic, semi-catalytic, and inert materials. Measurements from the literature of the recombination coefficients for some materials are compiled and compared, along with the possible system pressure and material surface temperature dependence of the materials’ recombination coefficient. A large scattering of results reported by different authors is discussed, and possible explanations are provided.
Ključne besede: heterogeneous surface recombination, recombination coefficient, surface catalicity, catalytic efficiency, atom loss coefficient, oxygen, neutral atoms, plasma
Objavljeno v DKUM: 21.03.2024; Ogledov: 300; Prenosov: 24
Celotno besedilo (10,51 MB)
Gradivo ima več datotek! Več... |
6. Measurement of two-particle correlations of hadrons in ▫$e^+ e^-$▫ collisions at BelleY.-C. Chen, Marko Bračko, Samo Korpar, Peter Križan, Tomaž Podobnik, Marko Starič, Luka Šantelj, 2022, izvirni znanstveni članek Opis: The measurement of two-particle angular correlation functions in high-multiplicity e+e− collisions at √s=10.52 GeV is reported. In this study, the 89.5 fb−1 of hadronic e+e− annihilation data collected by the Belle detector at KEKB are used. Two-particle angular correlation functions are measured in the full relative azimuthal angle (Δϕ) and three units of pseudorapidity (Δη), defined by either the electron beam axis or the event-shape thrust axis, and are studied as a function of charged-particle multiplicity. The measurement in the thrust axis analysis, with mostly outgoing quark pairs determining the reference axis, is sensitive to the region of additional soft gluon emissions. No significant anisotropic collective behavior is observed with either coordinate analyses. Near-side jet correlations appear to be absent in the thrust axis analysis. The measurements are compared to predictions from various event generators and are expected to provide new constraints to the phenomenological models in the low-energy regime.
Ključne besede: Particle & resonance production, Quark & gluon jets, Quark-gluon plasma
Objavljeno v DKUM: 24.08.2023; Ogledov: 396; Prenosov: 9
Celotno besedilo (634,71 KB)
Gradivo ima več datotek! Več... |
7. Two-layer functional coatings of chitosan particles with embedded catechin and pomegranate extracts for potential active packagingSanja Potrč, Tjaša Kraševac Glaser, Alenka Vesel, Nataša Poklar Ulrih, Lidija Fras Zemljič, 2020, izvirni znanstveni članek Opis: Two-layer functional coatings for polyethylene (PE) and polypropylene (PP) films were developed for the active packaging concept. Prior to coating, the polymer films were activated by O$_2$ and NH$_3$ plasma to increase their surface free energy and to improve the binding capacity and stability of the coatings. The first layer was prepared from a macromolecular chitosan solution, while the second (upper) layer contained chitosan particles with embedded catechin or pomegranate extract. Functionalized films were analyzed physico-chemically to elemental composition using ATR-FTIR spectroscopy and XPS. Further, oxygen permeability and wettability (Contact Angle) were examined. The antimicrobial properties were analyzed by the standard ISO 22196 method, while the antioxidative properties were determined with an ABTS assay. Functionalized films show excellent antioxidative and antimicrobial efficacy. A huge decrease in oxygen permeability was achieved in addition. Moreover, a desorption experiment was also performed, confirming that the migration profile of a compound from the surfaces was in accordance with the required overall migration limit. All these properties indicate the great potential of the developed active films/foils for end-uses in food packaging.
Ključne besede: plasma, chitosan, polyphenols, coating, active package
Objavljeno v DKUM: 12.07.2023; Ogledov: 618; Prenosov: 61
Celotno besedilo (2,70 MB)
Gradivo ima več datotek! Več... |
8. Sol-gel/Ag coating and oxygen plasma treatment effect on synthetic wound fluid sorption by non-woven cellulose materialZdenka Peršin Fratnik, Tanja Pivec, Miran Mozetič, Karin Stana-Kleinschek, 2017, drugi znanstveni članki Opis: Non-woven cellulose material was functionalized using two techniques, i.e. the coating with AgCl via sol-gel and oxygen plasma. The treatment effects were studied regarding the wound fluid adsorption potential using physiological saline, synthetic exudate and synthetic blood. Plasma treatment was most efficient since a significant improvement by absorbency rate and capacity was evident, less pronounced in case of synthetic blood. The combination of both treatments showed a similar trend, while the effects were less prominent, but still sufficient by managing fluid-associated as well as infected wounds.
Ključne besede: non-woven cellulose fabric, sol-gel, oxygen plasma, absorption, synthetic wound fluids
Objavljeno v DKUM: 31.08.2017; Ogledov: 1494; Prenosov: 415
Celotno besedilo (86,21 KB)
Gradivo ima več datotek! Več... |
9. Determination of topiramate in human plasma using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometryTanja Vnučec, Lea Cvitkovič-Maričič, Helena Prosen, Darinka Brodnjak-Vončina, 2013, izvirni znanstveni članek Opis: The LC-MS/MS method for determination of the anti-epileptic drug topiramate (TPM) in human plasma was developed and validated for pharmacokinetic and bioequivalence study purposes. For quantitative determination of TPM values the method with deuterated internal standard (topiramate-d12) and liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry was used. TPM was extracted from the human plasma using the solid-phase extraction procedure on a Strata X extraction column. Negative ions were monitored in the selected reaction monitoring mode (SRM) and transitions m/z 338.2 > 78.2 and m/z 350.3 > 78.2 were used for the quantitative evaluation of TPM and the internal standard, respectively. The results obtained from validation were statistically evaluated according to the requirements of European Medicines Agency (EMA) and Food and Drug Administration (FDA) regulatory guidelines. The linearity of the method was checked within a concentration range from 10 to 2000 ng/mL. Successful validation confirmed that this method is precise, accurate, sensitive and therefore suitable for determination of topiramate plasma levels in pharmacokinetic and bioequivalence studies.
Ključne besede: topiramate, liquid chromatography tandem mass spectroscopy, human plasma, bioequivalence study
Objavljeno v DKUM: 18.08.2017; Ogledov: 1609; Prenosov: 103
Celotno besedilo (189,19 KB)
Gradivo ima več datotek! Več... |
10. Determination of candesartan in human plasma with liquid chromatography - tandem mass spectrometryVanja Forjan, Lea Cvitkovič-Maričič, Helena Prosen, Darinka Brodnjak-Vončina, 2016, izvirni znanstveni članek Opis: A sensitive, specific and rapid liquid chromatography - tandem mass spectrometry method was developed and validated for the determination of candesartan in human plasma. Analyte was separated from endogenous components present in plasma by solid phase extraction. Chromatographic separation was performed on Gemini C18 analytical column using mobile phase acetonitrile – 5 mM ammonium formate pH 2 (90:10, v/v) at flow rate of 0.3 mL/min. For detection, tandem mass spectrometry in SRM mode with positive electrospray ionization was used. The mass transitions m/z 441.1 > 263.1 and 445.1 > 267.1 were used to determine candesartan by using candesartan-d4 as an internal standard. After development, the method was validated according to the requirements of EMA regulatory guidelines in the concentration range 1 - 400 ng/ml in human plasma. Limit of quantification (LLOQ) was 1 ng/ml. The developed and validated method proved to be very fast and reproducible and was therefore successfully implemented in pharmacokinetic and bioequivalence studies with large number of study samples.
Ključne besede: candesartan, liquid chromatography, tandem mass spectrometry, human plasma
Objavljeno v DKUM: 17.08.2017; Ogledov: 1548; Prenosov: 391
Celotno besedilo (215,54 KB)
Gradivo ima več datotek! Več... |
