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1.
Nano and micro-structural complexity of nematic liquid crystal configurations
Andreja Jelen, Maha Zid, Kaushik Pal, Remya Rajan Renuka, Dejvid Črešnar, Samo Kralj, 2024, izvirni znanstveni članek

Opis: Of our interest are frustration-driven pattern generating mechanisms in systems which in bulk equilibrium display spatially homogeneous long-range orientational order in absence of perturbations. As testbed material, we select thermotropic nematic liquid crystals. In bulk, they exhibit weakly discontinuous order-disorder phase transformation on varying temperature where the ordered nematic phase features spatially uniform axial order along an arbitrary symmetry breaking direction. However, due to continuous symmetry breaking (CSB) the established order is extremely susceptible to various perturbations which are in real systems in general always present. We theoretically illustrate how diverse complex patterns could be excited. Particularly intriguing configurations could appear if topological defects are present that could be generated via CSB. Our analysis is based on a relatively simple Lebwohl-Lasher-type model in which we could get analytical insight into phenomena of our interest. Using it we illustrate history dependent early stage isotropic-nematic phase evolution and final patterns in presence of "impurities" (e.g., nanoparticles). We show how characteristic effective interaction characteristics predict qualitatively different emerging patterns. Our analysis is based on CSB which is ubiquitous in nature. Consequently, demonstrated mechanisms are expected to manifest also in other condensed matter systems whose ordered phase is formed via CSB. We illustrate how kinetics and impurities could impact key structural properties of the systems of our interest.
Ključne besede: continuous symmetry breaking, patterns, topological defects, nematic liquid crystals
Objavljeno v DKUM: 05.12.2024; Ogledov: 0; Prenosov: 2
.pdf Celotno besedilo (9,33 MB)
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2.
Topological features of spike trains in recurrent spiking neural networks that are trained to generate spatiotemporal patterns
Oleg Maslennikov, Matjaž Perc, Vladimir Nekorkin, 2024, izvirni znanstveni članek

Opis: In this study, we focus on training recurrent spiking neural networks to generate spatiotemporal patterns in the form of closed two-dimensional trajectories. Spike trains in the trained networks are examined in terms of their dissimilarity using the Victor-Purpura distance. We apply algebraic topology methods to the matrices obtained by rank-ordering the entries of the distance matrices, specifically calculating the persistence barcodes and Betti curves. By comparing the features of dierent types of output patterns, we uncover the complex relations between low-dimensional target signals and the underlying multidimensional spike trains.
Ključne besede: topological features, neural networks, spatiotemporal patterns, nonlinear dynamics
Objavljeno v DKUM: 27.11.2024; Ogledov: 0; Prenosov: 0
.pdf Celotno besedilo (6,96 MB)
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3.
A spatial decision support system for traffic accident prevention in different weather conditions
Danijel Ivajnšič, David Pintarič, Jaša Veno Grujić, Igor Žiberna, 2021, izvirni znanstveni članek

Opis: Natural conditions play an important role as determinants and cocreators of the spatiotemporal road traffic accident Hot Spot footprint; however, none of the modern commercial, or open-source, navigation systems currently provides it for the driver. Our findings, based on a spatiotemporal database recording 11 years of traffic accidents in Slovenia, proved that different weather conditions yield distinct spatial patterns of dangerous road segments. All potentially dangerous road segments were identified and incorporated into a mobile spatial decision support system (SLOCrashInfo), which raises awareness among drivers who are entering or leaving the predefined danger zones on the street network. It is expected that such systems could potentially increase road traffic safety in the future.
Ključne besede: GIS, mobile application, spatial databases, spatial patterns, traffic safety
Objavljeno v DKUM: 20.08.2024; Ogledov: 63; Prenosov: 11
.pdf Celotno besedilo (1,25 MB)
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4.
Revealing the spatial pattern of weather-related road traffic crashes in Slovenia
Danijel Ivajnšič, Nina Zver, Igor Žiberna, Eva Konečnik Kotnik, Danijel Davidović, 2021, izvirni znanstveni članek

Opis: Despite an improvement in worldwide numbers, road traffic crashes still cause social, psychological, and financial damage and cost most countries 3% of their gross domestic product. However, none of the current commercial or open-source navigation systems contain spatial information about road traffic crash hot spots. By developing an algorithm that can adequately predict such spatial patterns, we can bridge these still existing gaps in road traffic safety. To that end, geographically weighted regression and regression tree models were fitted with five uncorrelated (environmental and socioeconomic) road traffic crash predictor variables. Significant regional differences in adverse weather conditions were identified; Slovenia lies at the conjunction of different climatic zones characterized by differences in weather phenomena, which further modify traffic safety. Thus, more attention to speed limits, safety distance, and other vehicles entering and leaving the system could be expected. In order to further improve road safety and better implement globally sustainable development goals, studies with applicative solutions are urgently needed. Modern vehicle-to-vehicle communication technologies could soon support drivers with real-time traffic data and thus potentially prevent road network crashes.
Ključne besede: GIS, hot spot analyses, traffic safety, spatial modelling, weather patterns
Objavljeno v DKUM: 20.08.2024; Ogledov: 92; Prenosov: 9
.pdf Celotno besedilo (1,42 MB)
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5.
Negative cognitive–affective involvement as a mechanism linking job demands to occupational well-being : the moderating role of maladaptive thinking patterns
Andrea Noja, Sara Tement, Bettina Kubicek, 2024, izvirni znanstveni članek

Opis: Negative cognitions and emotions about work during off-job time (e.g., worry about work tasks) can hinder the necessary recovery from work and lead to impaired occupational well-being. To better understand when this negative cognitive–affective involvement arises, we considered simultaneous and interactive effects of external and individual factors. Specifically, we investigated whether job demands (i.e., time pressure, cognitive demands, emotional demands) and maladaptive thinking patterns are independently and jointly related to negative cognitive–affective involvement and whether this is in turn associated with impaired occupational well-being (i.e., emotional exhaustion, cynicism). Using a diary study, we collected daily data from 109 employees twice a day over two working weeks (N = 667 day-level observations). Multilevel analyses showed that negative cognitive–affective involvement mediates the relationship between job demands (i.e., cognitive demands, emotional demands) and the two occupational well-being indicators. The relationship between cognitive and emotional demands, respectively, and negative cognitive–affective involvement is moderated by work-related maladaptive thinking patterns, with stronger relationships for employees reporting more frequent maladaptive thinking patterns. Moreover, work-related maladaptive thinking patterns moderate the indirect effects of job demands on occupational well-being via negative cognitive–affective involvement. Overall, we expanded the research on negative cognitive–affective involvement by providing a more comprehensive picture of its antecedents and outcomes.
Ključne besede: negative cognitive-affective involvment, maladaptive thinking patterns, job demands, work-related well-being, diary studies
Objavljeno v DKUM: 20.05.2024; Ogledov: 118; Prenosov: 31
.pdf Celotno besedilo (729,99 KB)
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6.
The role of education in sustainable dietary patterns in Slovenia
Andrej Kirbiš, Monika Lamot, Marija Javornik, 2021, izvirni znanstveni članek

Opis: The most sustainable dietary patterns involve the consumption of plant-based (vegan) foods, excluding or reducing animal products, including meat, fish, and dairy, yet there is a lack of research on determinants of sustainable dietary patterns in central European countries. The present article aimed to examine the prevalence of sustainable dietary practices and attitudes among the Slovenian public and to investigate the role of education in fostering sustainable dietary patterns. We analyzed a representative national sample of Slovenians, with data gathered in 2019 (ISSP/Slovenian Public Opinion; N = 1079; 51.2% females). The results indicate that most Slovenians do not have sustainable dietary practices or attitudes with regard to health, the environment, animals, and dietary minorities. One in four Slovenians consume meat at least once per day and one in two consume meat three to six times per week. In addition, 78.2% of Slovenians consume milk at least three times per week; more than half consume milk daily or more often. Fish consumption is the least frequent among the three food groups. At least two-thirds of Slovenians also hold attitudes that are low in sustainability. Results also show that, after controlling for confounding variables, higher educational level emerged as an independent predictor of lower meat consumption, but not of lower fish or milk consumption. Furthermore, those in the lowest educational group are significantly less likely to hold sustainable attitudes than those in the higher educational group. Finally, current student status only decreases meat consumption. Since our results show an educational gradient in meat consumption and attitudes, public health and environmental campaigns should focus on the less-educated groups, encouraging them to reduce meat intake and fostering more sustainable attitudes.
Ključne besede: dietary patterns, education, sustainability, attitudes, meat, animals
Objavljeno v DKUM: 12.04.2024; Ogledov: 223; Prenosov: 26
.pdf Celotno besedilo (464,36 KB)
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7.
Towards a Catalogue of Self-Sovereign Identity Design Patterns
Špela Čučko, Vid Keršič, Muhamed Turkanović, 2023, izvirni znanstveni članek

Opis: Self-sovereign identity (SSI) is a user-centric, decentralised identity approach that provides a means for identification, authentication, and authorisation without the involvement of external entities, responsible for identity provisioning and management in current centralised and federated approaches. In general, the basic building blocks of an SSI system include decentralised identifiers, verifiable credentials, identity wallets, a verifiable data registry, and three main actors: issuer, identity holder, and verifier. Even though the SSI field is dominated by proposals, SSI systems can be implemented in different ways, which is reflected in the absence of a well-defined architecture. Thus, the best implementation is still a matter of research, the requirements of the individual system, and its field of application. However, well-designed and implemented systems are crucial to avoiding failures, speeding up the development process, ensuring high quality, and the broader adoption of SSI solutions. Hence, the main objective of this study was to identify design patterns and good practices of the SSI ecosystems by reviewing and analysing the literature, technical documentation, and existing SSI implementations. Therefore, the study is built on existing knowledge, and presents a comprehensive catalogue of thirty-five SSI design patterns that can serve as a starting point for a possible SSI system design.
Ključne besede: self-sovereign identity, decentralised identity, design patterns, decentralised identifiers, verifiable credentials, blockchain, verifiable data registry, identity wallets
Objavljeno v DKUM: 05.12.2023; Ogledov: 448; Prenosov: 67
.pdf Celotno besedilo (2,31 MB)
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8.
Discrepancies among Scopus, Web of Science, and PubMed coverage of funding information in medical journal articles
Peter Kokol, Helena Blažun Vošner, izvirni znanstveni članek

Opis: Objective: The overall aim of the present study was to compare the coverage of existing research funding information for articles indexed in Scopus, Web of Science, and PubMed databases. Methods: The numbers of articles with funding information published in 2015 were identified in the three selected databases and compared using bibliometric analysis of a sample of twenty-eight prestigious medical journals. Results: Frequency analysis of the number of articles with funding information showed statistically significant differences between Scopus, Web of Science, and PubMed databases. The largest proportion of articles with funding information was found in Web of Science (29.0%), followed by PubMed (14.6%) and Scopus (7.7%). Conclusion: The results show that coverage of funding information differs significantly among Scopus, Web of Science, and PubMed databases in a sample of the same medical journals. Moreover, we found that, currently, funding data in PubMed is more difficult to obtain and analyze compared with that in the other two databases.
Ključne besede: journal as topics, medicine, research funding, bibliometrics, funding acknowledgment, funding patterns
Objavljeno v DKUM: 24.10.2018; Ogledov: 1457; Prenosov: 451
.pdf Celotno besedilo (228,93 KB)
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9.
A question-based design pattern advisement approach
Luka Pavlič, Vili Podgorelec, Marjan Heričko, 2014, izvirni znanstveni članek

Opis: Design patterns are a proven way to build flexible software architectures. But the selection of an appropriate design pattern is a difficult task in practice, particularly for less experienced developers. In this paper, a question based design pattern advisement approach will be proposed. This approach primarily assists developers in identifying and selecting the most suitable design pattern for a given problem. We will also propose certain extensions to the existing Object-Oriented Design Ontology (ODOL). In addition to the advisement procedure, a new design pattern advisement ontology will be defined. We have also developed a tool that supports the proposed ontology and question-based advisement (OQBA) approach. The conducted controlled experiment and two surveys have shown that the proposed approach is beneficial to all software developers, especially to those who have less experience with design patterns.
Ključne besede: design patterns, pattern selection, ontology, semantic web, selection algorithm
Objavljeno v DKUM: 06.07.2017; Ogledov: 1721; Prenosov: 430
.pdf Celotno besedilo (621,06 KB)
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10.
Smectic A herringbone patterns
Samo Kralj, Emmanuelle Lacaze, George Cordoyiannis, Zdravko Kutnjak, 2014, objavljeni znanstveni prispevek na konferenci

Opis: Two qualitatively different SmA structures exhibiting herringbone-type layer patterns, to which we refer as the Defectless Smectic Herringbone (DSH) and the Dislocation Decorated Smectic Herringbone (DDSH) pattern are studied by a Landau-de Gennes-Ginzburg mesoscopic approach. Liquid crystal structures are described in terms of a nematic director field and a smectic complex order parameter. It is demonstrated that, in the proximity of the N-SmA phase transition, a melting of smectic layers could be realised even for relatively weakly-tilted smectic layers in DSH patterns (i.e. θt ≈ 100) for type I Sm4 phase. The width of melted region could be relatively large with respect to bulk values of the smectic characteristic lengths. In addition, a critical value of θt is determined at which a DDSH pattern is expected to appear.
Ključne besede: liquid crystals, patterns, structural transitions
Objavljeno v DKUM: 30.06.2017; Ogledov: 2045; Prenosov: 386
.pdf Celotno besedilo (1005,99 KB)
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