Iskanje po katalogu digitalne knjižnice

Opis: Na Oddelku za predšolsko vzgojo Pedagoške fakultete v Mariboru je bila izvedena raziskava zastopanosti, načina izvedbe, medpredmetnih povezav in evalvacije različnih področij dejavnosti, ki so zastopane v Kurikulumu za vrtce (npr. glasbena vzgoja, likovna vzgoja, plesna vzgoja, jezikovna vzgoja). Pridobili smo 153 trimesečnih priprav, ki so bile novembra in decembra 2003 ter januarja 2004 izvedene po različnih vrtcih v Sloveniji. Priprave so bile analizirane po dogovorjenih kriterijih, in sicer za vsa področja dejavnosti na enak način: število otrok v skupini; starost otrok; vrsta priprave (dnevna, tedenska; tematski sklop); tema; sredstva in pripomočki; področje integracije; metode dela; cilji; analiza in evalvacija. Rezultati kažejo na neupoštevanje Kurikuluma za vrtce, skromen odstotek usmerjene književne dejavnosti v vrtcih, neustrezno izbiro obravnavanih besedil, enolično izbiro metod dela, cilji so v pripravah skromno zastopani, iz priprav je razvidno, da večinoma evalvacije sploh niso bile opravljene. Sledijo predlogi za izboljšanje književne vzgoje v vrtcih.
Ključne besede: slovenska književnost, mladinska književnost, jezikovna vzgoja, kurikul za vrtce, učni načrt za vrtce, književna didaktika
Objavljeno v DKUM: 21.03.2024; Ogledov: 247; Prenosov: 14
Povezava na celotno besedilo

Opis: Prispevek predstavlja ugotovitve pedagoškega eksperimenta, ki je bil izveden kot drugi del raziskave Diferenciacija in individualizacija pri pouku književnosti v tretjem triletju osnovne šole. V raziskavi smo v prvi fazi s kvantitativnimi metodami pedagoškega raziskovanja na vzorcu 274 učiteljev slovenščine in 667 njihovih učencev ugotavljali stanje na področju izvajanja načela notranje učne diferenciacije in individualizacije pri pouku književnosti v manjših (heterogenih) učnih skupinah tretjega triletja. Izkazalo se je, da gre pri večini učiteljev za osnovno nerazumevanje izhodišča diferenciacije in individualizacije, za slabo poznavanje recepcijske zmožnosti učencev in za nepoznavanje horizonta pričakovanj učencev. Ker tega znanja tudi kurikul za usposabljanje učiteljev ne predvideva, smo se v drugi fazi raziskave odločili za pedagoški eksperiment, v katerem smo pri 30 učiteljih eksperimentalno razvijali novo literarnodidaktično kompetenco zaznavanja/ spoznavanja horizonta pričakovanj učencev in z njo povezano kompetenco razvijanja literarnorecepcijske metakognicije učencev. V raziskavi je sodelovalo tudi 30 heterogenih učnih skupin učencev. Podatke smo zbirali z opazovanjem pouka (pred izobraževanjem učiteljev in po njem), analizirali priprave na pouk (pred izobraževanjem in po njem) in učitelji so evalvirali izobraževanje. Temeljna ugotovitev je, da je pri učiteljih treba razviti kompetenco oziroma jih ustrezno usposobiti, v nasprotnem primeru tudi dodatno gradivo, ki se jim ponudi za pomoč pri izvajanju pouka (v našem primeru didaktični opomnik), ne vpliva na spremembo pouka z vidika načela notranje diferenciacije in individualizacije oziroma le strokovno osmišljeno in vodeno delo z učitelji lahko vpliva na spremembe pri pouku.
Ključne besede: književna vzgoja, učne metode, učna diferenciacija, individualizacija, osnovne šole
Objavljeno v DKUM: 10.10.2017; Ogledov: 1266; Prenosov: 127
Celotno besedilo (158,00 KB)
Gradivo ima več datotek! Več...

Ključne besede: književna vzgoja, slovenščina, osnovne šole, srednje šole
Objavljeno v DKUM: 10.07.2015; Ogledov: 1969; Prenosov: 55
Povezava na celotno besedilo

Opis: A communicative model of literary education is presented that was used in the new primary school curriculum. It is based on three sciences, which - each within its own framework - explore elements of the communicative situation in the classroom in which the reader and the literary text meet, in the presence of the teacher as the organiser or the manager of the learning situation. The model borrows its knowledge about the student and his receptive ability from the young reader studies, its knowledge about the literary work from literary studies, and its knowledge about what happens when the reader and the literary text meet from aesthetics of reception. Following the ideas of aesthetics of reception, the communicative model of literary education presumes there exists nothing that might be termed "the real meaning of a literary text", no precious value that the author has hidden among the words of his literary creation and that should be found - or possibly missed - by readers in the process of reception. The meaning of a literary text is created in each reading anew as a product of interaction between the text and its reception by the reader. Within this framework, the model primarily prepares students for dialogue with a literary text and for constructing their individual meanings of texts, because it is only the student himself or herself that can make (or not make) a literary text speak to him/ her, i.e. actualise a literary text's potential meaning into his/ her own, bringing into the referential framework of literary data to be used in reception his/ her own specific expectations that belong to his developmental and biographically determined field of interests, desires, needs and experiences, in other words, to his horizon of expectations. A reader can understand a literary text only to the extent matching the ability of his horizon of expectation to receive signals or data for reception conveyed by a literary text. Using principles of aesthetics of reception, literary theory and studies on development of literary reading, the communicative model of literary education guides the young reader systematically, step by step from spontaneous to reflexive reception of a literary text, i.e. to a developed ability of literary reading. In this process, the model does not focus on increasing the number of textual signals perceived by the reader, but primarily on a systematic development of his/ her ability to understand and evaluate these signals. This is the principle of Less may be more, with special attention going to the selection of textual signals brought to students' attention by the teacher. The teacher selects only those signals that students are capable of registering, understanding and evaluating within their horizon of expectation as defined by their ability to receive literature and their stage of development at a given point in time. The basic novelty of the communicative model of literary education is its attempt to define the structural complex of receptive ability and its description of the child's (literary) reading (=receptive) dvelopment within each of its structural component. Doing this, the communicative model of literary education manages to break down the contiguous progression from the so-called spontaneous to the so-called reflective reception into a manageable number of partial objectives that the teacher may seek to pursue in his/her didactic communication
Ključne besede: književna vzgoja, didaktika književne vzgoje, recepcija, recepcijske sposobnosti
Objavljeno v DKUM: 10.07.2015; Ogledov: 2567; Prenosov: 96
Povezava na celotno besedilo

Opis: The article presents the results of a part of an empirical study which explored the presence of the cognitive scheme 'fairy-tale' in children at the pre-operational and operational stages of their personality development, and of their awareness of the presence of a cognitive scheme. Additionally, a qualitative analysis of the fairy-tale cognitive scheme was carried out. The experiment was done in the Department of Elementary Education at the Faculty of Education in Maribor. Its purpose was to test the adequacy of the approximative literary-reception objectives in the chapter Literary Genres and Subgenres - Prose of the nine-year primary school curriculum. The curriculum builds on the expectation that a mere naming of a literary (sub)genre will triger off recall of relevant literary aesthetic experience even before the reading of a text or at least when the child has read/ heard a few introductory sentences
Ključne besede: književna vzgoja, predšolski otroci, recepcija pravljice, bralni razvoj
Objavljeno v DKUM: 10.07.2015; Ogledov: 1336; Prenosov: 53
Povezava na celotno besedilo