Iskanje po katalogu digitalne knjižnice

Opis: Railroad is one of the primary modes to transport hazardous materials (hazmat) in North America. For instance, Canadian railroads carried around 50 million tons of hazmat in 2018. Given the inherent danger of trains carrying hazmat, this study aimed at exploring a novel way towards mitigation of the associated risk. This study sought to investigate whether proper rail track infrastructure investment can mitigate the risk from hazmat shipments. To this end, a methodology was developed and then applied to the Canadian railroad network. The proposed three-step methodology captured the differing perspectives of rail carriers and regulatory agencies, and entailed (1) ascertaining the risk-level of various yards and links in the given railroad network, (2) specifying potential candidates for infrastructure investment, and (3) finding the optimum set of investment decisions. The proposed methodology was then applied to the Canadian railroad network to demonstrate that significant risk-reduction can beachieved by adding alternative rail-links around the riskiest locations (i.e. the network hot-spots), and also to show that risk-reduction function is non-linear with non-monotonous behavior. The study showed the possibility of significant hazmat risk reduction through alternative rail-links that could take traffic away from the network hot-spots. The methodology and the resultsfrom the Canadian case can be used by railroad companies and policy makers to estimate the value of potentially risk-reducinginfrastructure investments.
Ključne besede: risk mitigation, railroad network, hazardous materials, infrastructure investment, optimization, transportation safety
Objavljeno v DKUM: 23.08.2024; Ogledov: 61; Prenosov: 8
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Opis: Abstract This study examines the impact of emerging transport trends on the Western Balkans and their potential to improve the sustainability and efficiency of the transport sector in the region. In the context of global efforts to reduce environmental impacts and improve transport safety, the study aims to better understand the perspective of the business sector in order to align strategic planning for the introduction of new transport technologies and practices with the expectations of the business sector. Using a questionnaire-based survey on the Mentimeter platform, the study gathers insights from 49 transport and logistics experts. The analysis uses violin plots and heat maps to visualise the expected impact of the identified trends. The results show a consensus among the experts that the emerging trends are likely to lead to a reduction in accidents, congestion, and emissions, while at the same time increasing operating costs and investment in infrastructure. In particular, trends such as alternative fuels, electrification, and smart city initiatives are highlighted as important drivers for reducing emissions. The study concludes that while these trends are likely to lead to the achievement of environmental and safety goals, they also lead to economic challenges as operating costs increase and significant infrastructure investment is required. The study emphasises the need for strategic investment, policy adjustments, and capacity building to lead the Western Balkans towards a sustainable transport future.
Ključne besede: transport trends, congestion, accidents, infrastructure investment, operational costs, policy adaptation
Objavljeno v DKUM: 31.01.2024; Ogledov: 333; Prenosov: 25
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Opis: The paper deals with energo-economic payback calculation modelling of the combined gassteam cycle operation, demonstrating the basic characteristic properties of cycle behaviour in different operating regimes and calculating the payback period of the investment. The calculation of the payback period of the investment is based on the calculation of the net present value and with actual obtaining data sets from a recently built gas-steam combined cycle power plant. The results of the calculation modelling show that the gas-steam combined cycle power plant can achieve a useful efficiency of up to 88% in the back-pressure operation of the steam turbine. The useful efficiency of the gas turbine is up to 40%. The payback period of the investment depends on the investment costs, the quantity and market price of the consumed fuel, the quantity and market price of the generated electricity and thermal energy. The results show that with a price ratio fuel/electricity of 0.36, the payback period of the investment is 4 years, with a price ratio fuel/electricity of 0.54, the payback period of the investment is as much as 17 years.
Ključne besede: calculation, efficiency, investment, market, modelling, payback
Objavljeno v DKUM: 30.10.2023; Ogledov: 503; Prenosov: 5
Celotno besedilo (1,81 MB)
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Opis: Unilateral arbitration clauses are clauses that provide one party with an option to choose between either arbitral or court proceedings. The other party does not have such choice, but its dispute resolution mechanism is predetermined from the outset. For that exact reason, the question is raised whether such clauses are problematic. This question stems from the proposition that there is inherent inequality between the parties arising out of the nature of such agreement. Especially problematic aspect of inequality is highlighted when the disadvantaged party is not granted any other contractional benefit in return. Interpretation regarding as to what is breaching the principle of equal treatment and at the same time possibly public policy of a relevant country differs throughout different jurisdictions. Highest regard must be given to interpretations of countries of the seat of arbitration or the countries where the final award is to be recognised and enforced. This is due to the fact that if the clause is considered contrary to public policy of these countries there is risk of award being set aside or of the refusal of recognition and enforcement of the award. However, even in the event that consequences are not as grave the risk remains that such arbitration agreement will not be respected its entirety. Thus, the utilisation of unilateral arbitration clauses is clouded by uncertainty. The uncertainty exists specifically in regard to the disadvantaged party as until the procedure is initiated, that party will not be able to anticipate what type of proceeding it will be subjected to. Further, there is uncertainty from the perspective of both parties as the concerns regarding validity and enforcement are ever present. Therefore, it is of utmost importance for parties to draft unilateral arbitration agreements with absolute precision and with due regard to the possible obstacles.
Ključne besede: international commercial arbitration, international investment arbitration, arbitration clause, unilateral arbitration clause, party equality, enforceability
Objavljeno v DKUM: 11.11.2020; Ogledov: 1732; Prenosov: 142
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Opis: The scientific monograph “Next Generation Logistics: Technologies and Applications” focuses on smart system modelling approaches to some logistics problems, sustainability applications on warehousing technologies as well as investment and management of logistics systems. The monograph includes nine chapters that approach to logistical problems from practical requirements. The reader will find both mathematical modelling approaches to some warehousing, supply chain problems as well as management related issues in the related problems. Since it also includes some case studies in the chapters, this monograph contributes the next generation logistics in both theoretical and practical ways.
Ključne besede: logistics, computer technologies, smart system modelling, warehousing, investment, management, logistics systems
Objavljeno v DKUM: 09.05.2018; Ogledov: 1482; Prenosov: 85
Celotno besedilo (10,85 MB)
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