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1.
AI Literacy Among University Students : a comparative study of three countries—Slovenia, Croatia, and India
Maja Rožman, Dijana Oreški, Arun A. Elias, Minnu F. Pynadath, Polona Tominc, 2025, izvirni znanstveni članek

Opis: This study investigates artificial intelligence (AI) literacy among university students from Slovenia, Croatia, and India, focusing on variations in their understanding of AI concepts and applications across different educational systems. The sample comprised 471 students from the business studies programmes in Slovenia, Croatia and India. Data were collected through a structured online questionnaire, and statistical analyses utilized descriptive statistics and independent samples proportions to identify significant differences in AI literacy levels across the three countries. The findings reveal substantial disparities in AI literacy. Croatian students demonstrated foundational and practical knowledge of AI, reflecting well-developed educational frameworks. Indian students excelled in interdisciplinary and applied aspects of AI, though their understanding of theoretical concepts revealed notable gaps. Slovenian students showed the greatest need for improvement, particularly in foundational knowledge, practical applications, and ethical considerations. The results also highlight universal challenges, such as gaps in understanding AI’s ethical and legal implications, underscoring the need for all educational systems to incorporate discussions on accountability and societal impacts into their curricula. These findings offer actionable recommendations for educational policy and curriculum design to enhance AI literacy globally and prepare students for the challenges and opportunities of an AI-driven world. This study contributes to the literature by enhancing the understanding of how AI literacy manifests across diverse educational systems, providing comparative insights to support globally relevant curriculum development and digital skills advancement.
Ključne besede: AI literacy, students, higher education, artificial intelligence
Objavljeno v DKUM: 05.11.2025; Ogledov: 0; Prenosov: 0
.pdf Celotno besedilo (3,52 MB)
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2.
University teachers’ attitudes towards ESP and EMI in Croatian higher education : implications for internationalisation and curriculum development
Ana Penjak, Simon Zupan, 2025, izvirni znanstveni članek

Opis: Following the Bologna Process (2001) and Croatia’s accession to the European Union (2013), English has assumed a more prominent role in Croatian higher education (HE). While Croatian remains the dominant language of instruction, universities are increasingly expected to internationalise their programmes through English for Specific Purposes (ESP) and English-Medium Instruction (EMI) courses. This study analyses the attitudes of content-area (non-language) university teachers at the Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Split, Croatia, towards the use of English in their teaching, focusing particularly on ESP and EMI. The aim is to examine how these attitudes contribute to the internationalisation of HE and support students’ academic and professional development through discipline-specific English instruction. The results obtained from the data collected using an online questionnaire indicate strong support for ESP course integration, with most teachers recognising its value in enhancing students’ employability and domain-specific language proficiency. While EMI was not addressed directly, several items suggest teachers are aware of EMI-related demands and express positive attitudes towards its benefits. Notably, teachers with Erasmus experience showed greater confidence in English and more openness to EMI. These findings highlight the need to expand ESP offerings, strengthen EMI-related training, and develop institutional language policies aligned with internationalisation goals.
Ključne besede: English for specific purposes, Croatia, higher education, university teachers, sports science
Objavljeno v DKUM: 02.09.2025; Ogledov: 0; Prenosov: 2
.pdf Celotno besedilo (324,22 KB)
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3.
Digitalization of higher education : students’ perspectives
Vojko Potočan, Zlatko Nedelko, Maja Rosi, 2025, izvirni znanstveni članek

Opis: This study examines the use of digitalized educational solutions among students in higher education institutions (HEIs). Drawing upon theories of technology, digitalization, and education, we analyze the suitability of different digitalization solutions for students in HEIs. Educational organizations that apply different digitalized technologies provide customizable platforms for authoring and disseminating multimedia-rich e-education and smart education. However, pedagogical practices indicate several gaps between the level of HEI digitalization achieved and its suitability for HEI participants. Thus, we analyze the state of various digitalized technologies in HEIs and their suitability for meeting students’ expectations. The results of our research show that students most highly rate modern educational methods such as practical learning supported by access to digitized materials via websites, social networks, and smartphones while assigning a lower rating to the use of classic education, supported by digital textbooks and traditional technologies such as Skype, Zoom, podcasts, and online videos. This study has several theoretical implications, among which is the need to further develop highly digitized materials and purpose-designed digitized solutions for individual areas and specific educational purposes. The practical implications indicate the need to expand the use of website networks, smartphones, and smart table solutions in modern educational practices in HEIs.
Ključne besede: digitalization, education, educational technologies, higher education institutions, students
Objavljeno v DKUM: 29.08.2025; Ogledov: 0; Prenosov: 8
.pdf Celotno besedilo (1,00 MB)
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4.
The use of artificial intelligence among students in higher education
Eva Jereb, Marko Urh, 2024, izvirni znanstveni članek

Opis: Background/Purpose: Artificial intelligence (AI) impacts our everyday lives, from business to social areas, and, in recent years, more and more education. This paper aims to discuss using artificial intelligence tools for educational purposes from the student’s perspective. Methods: A quantitative approach was used for the research using the questioning method. Data were collected using an e-survey. The questionnaire contained closed questions referring to (i) general data, (ii) the use of specific artificial intelligence tools, and open questions (iii) about using artificial intelligence for study purposes. Parametric Independent – Samples t-Test and One-Way ANOVA tests were used for normal and near-normal distributions of the responses. Results: The study conducted with 258 university students in Slovenia reveals a general familiarity with AI concepts yet with a limited ability to articulate this understanding. Popular AI tools like ChatGPT and Grammarly are predominantly used for information retrieval and idea generation. Notable differences in AI tool usage were observed based on gender and field of study. Conclusion: The rapid advancement of AI is significantly transforming higher education. Integrating AI into education fosters the development of adaptive, personalized, and inclusive learning environments. Due to the study’s limited sample size and geographic focus, further research with more diverse samples is needed to understand global AI tool usage in higher education fully.
Ključne besede: artificial intelligence, AI tools, higher education, students, skills
Objavljeno v DKUM: 13.08.2025; Ogledov: 0; Prenosov: 6
.pdf Celotno besedilo (556,88 KB)
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5.
The impact of students’ cybersecurity vulnerability behavior on e-learning obstacles
Ibrahim Mohamed Taha, Rajaa Hussein Abd Ali, Ali Abdulhassan Abbas, 2025, izvirni znanstveni članek

Opis: Background/purpose: This study examines the relationship between students’ cybersecurity vulnerability behavior and e-learning obstacles. With the rapid growth of online education, ensuring the security and privacy of digital platforms has become crucial. In this background, the current study is a first-of-its-kind attempt to understand the relationship between these two variables in the background of higher educational institutions in Iraq. Methods: For this study, the researchers collected data during 2023 from students aged between 19 and 25 enrolled in the University of Karbala, Iraq, using a semi-structured research questionnaire, who were selected through a random sampling method. The questionnaire comprised questions pertaining to the dimensions of both the dependent and the independent variable. A total of 350 valid responses were considered for the analysis in which PLS-SEM was conducted. Results: The outcomes revealed that the professional and human obstacles have a high association with cybersecurity vulnerability behavior. The study also found that the overall obstacles have a significant effect on the cybersecurity vulnerability behavior. All hypotheses were verified and the outcomes confirm that there is an effective relationship between cybersecurity vulnerability behavior and e-learning obstacles Conclusion: Based on the study outcomes, the authors proposed a few recommendations for all the stakeholders of the e-learning process, such as ducational institutions, governments, faculty members, students, and their parents. Though the current study has been confined to a single university in Iraq, future researchers can focus on expanding the study to other higher educational institutions so that a nationwide policy-level initiative can be brought based on the research evidence.
Ključne besede: cybersecurity vulnerability behavior, e-learning obstacles, higher education, PLS-SEM, student motivation, learning behaviour
Objavljeno v DKUM: 06.08.2025; Ogledov: 0; Prenosov: 2
.pdf Celotno besedilo (2,90 MB)
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6.
Digital skills assessment and digital competence self-assessment among students at the University of Split
Suzana Tomaš, Marijana Vrdoljak, Katija Kalebić Jakupčević, 2024, izvirni znanstveni članek

Opis: The aim of the study was to determine the self-assessment of digital competences and assessment of skills among students of professional and university studies at the University of Split (N=466), as well as to check whether there is a significant difference between them in terms of their year of study, gender, and scientific field of study. The results showed that senior students claim a higher level of digital skills, and that first-year students of humanities and social studies achieve better results than senior students on the digital skills test.
Ključne besede: digital literacy, higher education, national curriculum
Objavljeno v DKUM: 29.07.2025; Ogledov: 0; Prenosov: 2
.pdf Celotno besedilo (397,67 KB)
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7.
Improvisation as the foundation of flow in music education : connections to attitudes, gender and genre
Kaja Korošec, Blaženka Bačlija Sušić, Katarina Habe, 2022, izvirni znanstveni članek

Opis: The aim of our study was to explore the connection between improvisation and flow. Data were collected from 252 tertiary music students from Slovenia and Croatia (121 male and 131 female musicians), who filled in The Questionnaire on Attitudes to Music Improvisation, The Inventory on Feelings associated with Music Improvisation, and the Work-related Flow Inventory. The results show that the female students have significantly more negative feelings and attitudes toward improvisation, and they experience less flow while improvising. Differences were even more pronounced when comparing students who only played classical music with those who played other genres, as well. Regression analysis showed that we can explain 71% of the variance in flow with attitudes toward improvisation.
Ključne besede: attitudes, flow, higher music education, improvisation, music students
Objavljeno v DKUM: 25.07.2025; Ogledov: 0; Prenosov: 6
.pdf Celotno besedilo (451,25 KB)
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8.
Artificial intelligence in knowledge management for higher education : transformative impact, challenges, and future directions post-COVID-19
Haftom Gebregziabher Hagos, Dušan Lesjak, Andrej Flogie, Ravindra Babu.B, 2025, izvirni znanstveni članek

Opis: The COVID-19 pandemic has accelerated the integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Knowledge Management (KM) within higher education, particularly in the Federal Technical and Vocational Training (TVT) sector. This systematic review synthesizes current research on AI-based KM in higher education during the pandemic, aiming to elucidate its effectiveness, challenges, and future directions. Following PRISMA guidelines, we conducted a comprehensive search across major databases, including Web of Science, Scopus, and ERIC, identifying 69 relevant studies published between 2020 and 2023. Our analysis reveals that AI-based KM has significantly enhanced personalized learning experiences, improved health safety measures, and increased administrative efficiency in higher education. However, challenges persist, including technological barriers, ethical concerns, and the digital divide. The review highlights a notable research gap in empirical studies validating AI's effectiveness in real-world educational settings, particularly in developing countries. Furthermore, there is a critical need for comprehensive ethical frameworks governing AI use in education. Our findings underscore the transformative potential of AI-based KM in higher education, while emphasizing the necessity for context-specific implementations and rigorous evaluation methodologies. This review provides valuable insights for educators, policymakers, and researchers, guiding future developments in AI-based KM strategies for resilient and inclusive higher education systems in the post-pandemic era.
Ključne besede: artificial intelligence, knowledge management, higher education, COVID-19, systematic review
Objavljeno v DKUM: 21.07.2025; Ogledov: 0; Prenosov: 22
.pdf Celotno besedilo (890,41 KB)
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9.
Typology of health-related behavior : hierarchical cluster analysis among university students
Joca Zurc, Matej Majerič, 2025, izvirni znanstveni članek

Opis: Physical and mental health show strong associations with health-related behavior. Uni versity students are one of the at-risk groups who are in a vulnerable transition phase from adolescence to adulthood, significantly affecting their health-related lifestyle. This study aims to identify different groups of university students with homogeneous health related behavior, considering their dietary habits, physical activity, alcohol and tobacco consumption, mental well-being and lifestyle change motives. For data collection, an anonymous, closed-ended paper-and-pencil questionnaire was administered to a sample of 171 university students. Data analysis was performed using descriptive statistics, a t-test for independent samples, a chi-square test, Spearman correlation and hierarchical cluster analyses (Ward’s method, Dendrogram). On average, students reported good health (M=4.84), including daily physical activity (M = 31.35 min) and regular consumption of fruits (M = 4.02) and vegetables (M = 4.19). The hierarchical cluster analysis revealed two distinct patterns among the students: “Caring for a healthy lifestyle” (N = 69) and “Physically inactive with poor mental well-being” (N = 62). Better health-related behavior was found among male students enrolled in higher study years (p ≤ 0.01). These findings provide newinsights into the different patterns of health-related behavior among university students that require targeted health promotion actions. Universities should develop and implement courses in healthy lifestyles and sustain them in the curricula.
Ključne besede: higher education, university students, healthy lifestyle, mental well-being, cluster analyses
Objavljeno v DKUM: 10.07.2025; Ogledov: 0; Prenosov: 18
.pdf Celotno besedilo (435,69 KB)
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10.
Exploring sustainable development perceptions among higher education students : an empirical study on knowledge, attitudes, and behaviours
Zlatko Nedelko, Susana Leal, João Nascimento, Andriani Piki, Adem Tekerek, Alper Güzel, Ana Loureiro, Catarina Gonçalves, Inês Messias, Joke Simons, Lorenz Teunen, Luís C. S. Barradas, Naomi Palmer, Tito Livio Mongelli, Sandra Oliveira, 2024, izvirni znanstveni članek

Opis: Higher education institutions have a role to play in developing sustainability skills and changing students' attitudes and behaviour towards sustainability issues and the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). This article aims to explore the knowledge, attitudes and behaviours of higher education students towards sustainability and understand how these vary in line with gender, age, level of education, the field of study and familiarity with the SDGs. A questionnaire survey was carried out among higher education students. A sample of 716 students from different European countries and Türkiye was obtained. The results show that the relationship between students' knowledge of sustainability and their behaviour towards sustainability issues is partly mediated by their attitudes towards sustainability. The practical implications of this study are that it highlights the need to strengthen education on sustainable development and the SDGs in all areas and at all levels of higher education and to provide sound training in this field from the moment students enter higher education. Although knowledge and attitudes towards sustainability are well developed, higher education institutions must train students to change their behaviour.
Ključne besede: attitudes, behaviour, higher education, knowledge, students, sustainability, sustainable development goals (SDGs)
Objavljeno v DKUM: 27.06.2025; Ogledov: 0; Prenosov: 4
.pdf Celotno besedilo (1,64 MB)
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