1. Does health literacy mediate sociodemographic and economic inequalities in fruit and vegetable intake? : an analysis of Slovenian national HLS19 survey dataAndrej Kirbiš, Stefani Branilović, Maruša Lubej, 2025, izvirni znanstveni članek Opis: Health literacy plays an important role in promoting healthier behaviors. However, less is known about its impact on dietary habits, such as fruit and vegetable (FV) intake. This study examines the mediating role of health literacy in the relationship between FV intake and demographic and socioeconomic factors among Slovenian adults. We used Slovenian national data from the 19-country Health Literacy Survey 2019–2021 (HLS19) (n = 3360). Results indicate that health literacy plays a complex role in mediating the relationship between demographic and socioeconomic factors and FV intake. Women and financially stable individuals have higher levels of health literacy, which positively predicts higher FV intake. While older individuals demonstrated greater FV intake, they reported lower health literacy, suggesting other mechanisms may drive their dietary behavior. Additionally, while higher education was associated with improved health literacy, its direct relationship with FV intake was negative, though health literacy partially mitigated this effect. These results underscore the importance of health literacy as a mediating factor in improving dietary behaviors and highlight the need for targeted interventions and policies to enhance nutritional education, particularly for marginalized groups.
Ključne besede: health literacy, fruit and vegetable intake, mediation analyses, health, demographic inequalities, socioeconomic inequalities
Objavljeno v DKUM: 18.03.2025; Ogledov: 0; Prenosov: 5
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2. The validity and reliability of the Slovenian version of the health literacy questionnaire short-form (HLS-EU-Q16) among adults and older adultsMonika Lamot, Andrej Kirbiš, 2024, izvirni znanstveni članek Opis: Introduction: Health literacy is an important predictor of health behavior and self-rated health, playing a crucial role in shaping public health outcomes. Valid and reliable health literacy assessments are essential for effectively tailoring health interventions, particularly in different cultural contexts. Several questionnaires have been developed to measure health literacy, including the widely used 47-item Health Literacy Questionnaire and its shorter versions. However, the validity of these shorter and more time efficient HLS-EU versions, such as the 16-item HLS-EU-Q16, has been less extensively researched in different age subgroups. Given Slovenia’s aging population and the differences in health literacy between adults and older adults, it is important to assess whether the HLS-EU-Q16 performs reliably across these groups. Therefore, the present study aimed to examine the validity and reliability of the 16-item health literacy questionnaire (HLS-EU-Q16) in Slovenia across two age groups: adults and older adults. Methods: We analyzed representative Slovenian sample data from the Health Literacy of Adults study. The sample included 2,327 adults aged 23–64 years (53.7% women) and 876 older adults aged 65–99 years (55.7% women). Results: Construct validity revealed a modified three-factor structure of the HLS-EU-Q16 among adults, reflecting a broader conceptualization of health literacy that encompasses overlapping domains of health promotion, disease prevention, and health care. In contrast, a two-factor structure emerged among older adults, indicating a more consolidated approach where these domains are perceived as part of an integrated health management strategy. This suggests that adults may conceptualize health literacy across multiple, yet interconnected dimensions, while older adults approach it more holistically. Convergent validity, reliability, concurrent-predictive, concurrent, and discriminant validity results were satisfactory for both age groups. Predictive validity, however, provided somewhat inadequate results, as the tool poorly predicted certain health behaviors, such as smoking, alcohol consumption, and physical activity, in both age groups. Conclusion: Overall, the HLS-EU-Q16 demonstrated adequate validity and reliability among both adults and older adults, indicating that it is an appropriate instrument for assessing health literacy in Slovenia.
Ključne besede: HLS-EU-Q16, Slovenia, health literacy, adults, validity
Objavljeno v DKUM: 14.03.2025; Ogledov: 0; Prenosov: 9
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3. Understanding vaccine hesitancy : a comparison of sociodemographic and socioeconomic predictors with health literacy dimensionsMonika Lamot, Andrej Kirbiš, 2024, izvirni znanstveni članek Opis: Vaccine hesitancy represents a global public health challenge that can diminish the effectiveness of vaccination programs. Research indicates that various sociodemographic and socioeconomic factors, along with health literacy, predict vaccine hesitancy. In this study, we analyzed data from a Slovenian health literacy survey that included 3360 adult participants. We examined the effects of sociodemographic (gender and age) and socioeconomic factors (education, economic deprivation, and self-assessed socioeconomic status), as well as different dimensions of health literacy (general, communicative, and navigational), on vaccine hesitancy. The results show that age, education, and economic deprivation are statistically significant predictors of vaccine hesitancy; younger individuals, those with lower education levels, and those experiencing greater economic deprivation express increased vaccine hesitancy. Higher levels of general and communicative health literacy are associated with lower vaccine hesitancy, while navigational health literacy was not found to be a statistically significant predictor of vaccine hesitancy.
Ključne besede: vaccine hesitancy, Slovenia, health literacy, sociodemographic factors, socioeconomic factors
Objavljeno v DKUM: 08.10.2024; Ogledov: 0; Prenosov: 3
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4. Social media fact-checking: the effects of news literacy and news trust on the intent to verify health-related informationInes Kožuh, Peter Čakš, 2023, izvirni znanstveni članek Opis: The recent health crisis and the rapid development of Artificial Intelligence have caused misinformation on social media to flourish by becoming more sophisticated and challenging to detect. This calls upon fact-checking and questions users’ competencies and attitudes when assessing social media news. Our study provides a model of how fact-checking intent is explained by news literacy and news trust to examine how users behave in the misinformation-prone social media environment. Structural equation modeling was used to examine survey data gathered from social media users. The findings revealed that users’ intent to fact-check information in social media news is explained by (1) news literacy, such as the awareness of various techniques used by creators to depict situations about COVID-19; (2) news trust, in terms of the conviction that the news contains all the essential facts; and (3) intent, such as an aim to check information in multiple pieces of news. The presented findings may aid policymakers and practitioners in developing efficient communication strategies for addressing users less prone to fact-checking. Our contribution offers a new understanding of news literacy as a sufficient tool for combating misinformation, which actively equips users with knowledge and an attitude for social media news fact-checking.
Ključne besede: fact-checking, news literacy, trust, social media, misinformaiton, fake news, pandemic, health crisis
Objavljeno v DKUM: 04.06.2024; Ogledov: 161; Prenosov: 38
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5. Understanding, trusting, and applying scientific insights to improve your health : a latent profile analysis approachNejc Plohl, Bojan Musil, 2022, izvirni znanstveni članek Opis: Various leading causes of death can be prevented or delayed through informed decision-making and lifestyle changes. Previous work has, to some extent, linked such health-promoting behavior (HPB) with variables capturing individuals’ understanding of science, trust in science, and capacity to apply evidence-based information in the health context. However, empirical research on the relationship between scientific knowledge, trust in science, health literacy, and HPB is scarce. Additionally, no study has investigated whether these characteristics interact to form homogeneous, high-risk subgroups of the population. The present online study (N = 705) revealed that trust in science and health literacy were positively related to a wide array of HPBs (e. g., healthy nutrition, physical activity, stress management), while scientific knowledge was only positively associated with COVID-19 vaccination intention. Furthermore, the results of latent profile analyses yielded four subgroups (i. e., low, moderate, and high levels of all three variables and a varied profile exhibiting very low trust in science, low health literacy, and moderate scientific knowledge). The identified subgroups differ significantly in HPB and variables determining profile membership (e. g., political conservatism). Hence, the present study offers some guidance on which groups may be targeted with public health campaigns and how they may be designed.
Ključne besede: scientific knowledge, trust in science, health literacy, health behaviour, COVID-19
Objavljeno v DKUM: 12.04.2024; Ogledov: 270; Prenosov: 20
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6. Health tourism and physical literacy : a qualitative exploration of elderly visitors' experiences after rehabilitation at Slovenian health resortsKatja Kokot, Maja Turnšek, 2022, izvirni znanstveni članek Opis: The promotion of physical literacy is an opportunity to multiply significant health benefits in an ageing society. In Slovenia, health resorts are one of the most common prime areas for health enhancement, offering numerous services for individuals to improve their health and forming an important pillar of the social tourism and healthcare sector. The aim of this research is to explore the role of medical rehabilitation at Slovene health resorts in the processes of increasing the physical literacy of their patients. Twenty-one semi-structured interviews were conducted with previous guests of Slovene health resorts who have undertaken medical rehabilitation. The analysis indicates that the most common approach is providing lectures about physical activity followed by group or individual physical regimes organised for patients with similar health concerns. These actions target two dimensions of physical literacy: the competence and the knowledge/understanding dimension. However, the eventual omission of prescribed physical activity following the rehabilitation is an issue concerning the motivation dimension of physical literacy, which should thus be addressed more in the future. The findings contribute to understanding the role of medical rehabilitation at Slovene health resorts by applying the physical literacy model for older adults. The study provides valuable insights regarding the long-term benefits of rehabilitation at the health resorts on individuals’ level of physical literacy. The results are helpful for both the tourism and medical sectors.
Ključne besede: health resorts, physical literacy, health tourism, rehabilitation, health literacy, elderly
Objavljeno v DKUM: 15.01.2024; Ogledov: 358; Prenosov: 12
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7. Spas as health literate organizations with a focus on educational valueKatja Kokot, 2020, magistrsko delo Opis: This master thesis is focused on health literacy in health tourism settings. Health literacy is a concept connected to an individual’s responsibility to understand and act on health information in modern environments. Our assumption is that health tourism is one of the main stakeholders in processes of increasing health literacy levels in the population. For that reason, we questioned what level of health literacy the guests report and whether they recount any cases of improved health literacy during and after their visit. The main goal of the research was discovering whether Slovene health spas are organizations that promote health literacy and what steps they must take for future improvements. For the empirical research we conducted semi-structured interviews with previous guests of Slovene spas that have undertaken stationary rehabilitation due to various health concerns. The analysis method was qualitative content analysis by Philipp Mayring. The transcripts were coded with ATLAS.ti 8 software. The results indicate that guests gain useful information about how they should behave after rehabilitation in everyday life. This information is directly linked to increasing the health literacy of the patient as it is essential for successful rehabilitation and future behavior. The most common process in increasing health literacy levels are the lectures organized for the patients. The topics covered are a healthy diet, suitable exercise and sports, and common medical procedures. With these processes health resorts directly target the health literacy level of their patients.
Ključne besede: thermal spas, health tourism, health literacy, healthy habits, wellness
Objavljeno v DKUM: 09.07.2021; Ogledov: 1247; Prenosov: 145
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