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Red-letter reading days : an eye-tracking perspective on Dr Seuss’ Green eggs and ham
Luna Bergh, Tanya Beelders, 2023, izvirni znanstveni članek

Opis: This article examines eye gaze while a multimodal text with vibrant and colourful images is read and furthermore specifically investigates the effect of the Stroop test on eye gaze. The Stroop colour-word test was designed to test the ability of a reader to suppress a habitual response. This particular variation of the test presented readers with words that refer to colour, but are presented in a different colour. Results indicate images are used when unfamiliar objects are referred to and faces and characters attract attention. The use of incongruent colours definitely causes cognitive dissonance and negatively affect reading.
Ključne besede: cognitive processing, eyetracking experiment, eye gaze, Stroop colour-word test, multimodal text
Objavljeno v DKUM: 28.07.2025; Ogledov: 0; Prenosov: 7
Celotno besedilo (2,48 MB)
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An eye-tracking study on the effect of different signalized intersection typologies on pedestrian performance
Chiara Gruden, Irena Ištoka Otković, Matjaž Šraml, 2022, izvirni znanstveni članek

Opis: Pedestrian safety is a well-known issue, such that many road safety associations emphasize measures to improve this aspect. One of the main conflict points is pedestrian crossings, where motorized and non-motorized traffic flows directly interact and where pedestrian attention and reaction are two elements that can strongly influence their safety. Nowadays, these aspects are often deviated by the use of smartphones to surf the Internet or social media. The aim of the present study is to find out (1) whether and how intersection typology affects pedestrian behavior, both in terms of attention and crossing performance, and (2) whether and how gaze and behavioral characteristics are affected by smartphone use and social media browsing. To achieve this goal, eye-tracking technology was used to obtain qualitative and quantitative information on the number of fixations, their duration, and reaction times of pedestrians. Additionally, from the eye-tracking videos, it was possible to derive pedestrian waiting times, crossing times, and speeds. Statistical tests were conducted to determine if there is a significant difference in pedestrian behavior at the three different types of intersections and in their behavior when using or not using their device. Results confirm the initial hypotheses and quantify the difference in pedestrian gaze behavior and crossing performance when walking across three different types of signalized crosswalks.
Ključne besede: pedestrian, eye-tracking, gaze behavior, reaction time, signalized intersection, crossing behavior
Objavljeno v DKUM: 13.03.2025; Ogledov: 0; Prenosov: 11
Celotno besedilo (2,86 MB)
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A preliminary assessment of rider/driver gaze behaviour in slovenian urban areas
Tomaž Tollazzi, Matej Moharić, Chiara Gruden, 2022, izvirni znanstveni članek

Opis: Motorcycle riders are an increasing group of road users. The intrinsic characteristics of powered two wheelers (PTW) allow them to be particularly flexible, both in urban and extra-urban environments. Nevertheless, crash statistics indicate that riders involved in road accidents are highly likely to suffer severe injuries, underlining the vulnerability of this group of road users. An element that can greatly affect the safety of PTW users is road design, as roads are usually designed for two-track vehicles (cars, buses, and lorries) and do not consider the needs of PTWs. Additionally, handling a motorcycle is quite different from driving a car; thus, the behaviour of riders is different to that of drivers. The aim of this paper is to compare how different road designs are perceived by riders and drivers and to preliminarily assess if riders’ behaviour and attention allocation are related. For the purpose of this research, an eye-tracking experiment was developed outdoors. Both drivers and riders travelled along a route comprising four different road designs and various road layouts, and the output was analysed both qualitatively and quantitatively. Although it was not possible to carry out a statistical analysis due to the limited number of participants, the results demonstrate that there is a difference in the gaze behaviour of drivers and riders, with the latter being far more focused on the left-hand side of the road and concentrating on defined elements of road design. Furthermore, the experiment demonstrated that a higher number of fixations is related to lower speeds. Finally, it was noted that both kinds of road users focus fairly well on the carriageway, leading to the conclusion that the indications given through road markings may be much more effective than vertical signalisation, which has rarely been observed.
Ključne besede: road safety, powered two-wheelers (PTW), ridera, eye-tracking, gaze behavior
Objavljeno v DKUM: 13.03.2025; Ogledov: 0; Prenosov: 10
Celotno besedilo (3,01 MB)
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