1. Gender and religious orientationSergej Flere, 2007, izvirni znanstveni članek Opis: Gender has been proven to be a substantial indicator of differences with respect to religiosity within Christianity. Females are always more frequentlyand intensively religious in comparison to males (Francis, 1997). The question of whether this holds for other religions remains unanswered. In this study we focus on university students in Catholic, Christian Orthodox andMuslim environments of Central Europe and in an American, predominantly Protestant environment. Religiosity is studied by differentiating between intrinsic and extrinsic religiosity (Allport and Ross, 1967). If it were foundthat females are more social-extrinsic religious, one couldspeak of a sociological, instrumental and situational religiosity among females. On the contrary, one is closer to speaking of an immanent difference between the genders. Sociological (with the exception of socialization) and Freudian explanations are not confirmed. Psychological explanations, which include anxiety, authoritarianism and femininity (Bem,1981) are good at explaining thedifferences in religiosity between the genders.
Ključne besede: sociology of religion, religious orientation, religious environments, religiosity, religious experiences, intrinsic orientation, extrinsic orientation, gender differences, gender
Objavljeno v DKUM: 07.06.2012; Ogledov: 2002; Prenosov: 86
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2. Is intrinsic religious orientation a culturally specific American Protestant concept? : the fusion of intrinsic and extrinsic religious orientation among non-ProtestantsSergej Flere, Miran Lavrič, 2007, izvirni znanstveni članek Opis: The relationship between intrinsic and personal extrinsic religious orientation as suggested by Gorsuch and McPherson is studied within four denominational samples of university students in four different cultural environments. Results show that intrinsic and extrinsic personal religious orientation form two separate dimensions only within the American Protestant sample. In three different European religious environments (one Eastern Orthodox, one Islamic, and one Roman Catholic), all extrinsic personal and intrinsic items can be combined into a single dimension. It is speculated that the intrinsic orientation may be culturally tied to Protestantism.
Ključne besede: sociology of religion, religious orientation, religious environments, religiosity, religious experiences, intrinsic orientation, extrinsic orientation
Objavljeno v DKUM: 07.06.2012; Ogledov: 2172; Prenosov: 94
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3. Religious sentiment as peripheral : cross-cultural study of religious orientation by multidimensional scalingSergej Flere, Miran Lavrič, Bojan Musil, Rudi Klanjšek, 2007, izvirni znanstveni članek Opis: The relation between intrinsic and extrinsic orientations was studied in four samples of believing affiliates (Bosnian Muslims, Serbian Orthodox, Slovenian Catholics and US Protestants). By exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis and by multidimensional scaling (MDS), differences in patterns of religious orientations were discerned in the various cultures. By EFA, in the two European settings a closeness between intrinsic (I) and extrinsic personal(EP) orientation was noted. Beside that extrinsic other (EO) items, indicating peripheral nature of the religious sentiment, appeared as a separate dimension. The CFA produced slight differences in this direction, still allowing for a four component finding. The two dimensional presentation in MDS also indicated a similarity in pattern of the dimensions of religious orientation. In all four cases a pattern in the distribution of items appears allowing for naming the vertical axis as indicating the variation between centrality and periphery, and the horizontal one as indicating the variation between social and personal dimensions in religious sentiment.
Ključne besede: social psychology, religion, cross-cultural studies, extrinsic orientation, intrinsic orientation, multidimensional scaling
Objavljeno v DKUM: 07.06.2012; Ogledov: 2103; Prenosov: 135
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4. Questioning the need for a special methodology for the study of Eastern OrthodoxySergej Flere, 2008, izvirni znanstveni članek Opis: The particular differences of Eastern Orthodoxy alleged by Tomka (2006) to demand a "special research methodology" are tested on a sample of the Serbian Orthodox, comparing them to Slovenian Catholics and American Protestants. The author found no important differences in the direction suggested by Tomka, with respect to the relation between traditionalism and religiosity, to religious experience, to civil religion, to quest religiosity, to religious deeds/sacrifices (consequential religiosity), either structurally or as to magnitude. The exception is to be found in a somewhat stronger link between traditionalism and religiosity among the Orthodox, but the level of traditionalism among this group is lower than in the American Protestant case. Most of the differences found between the groups are attributable to higher magnitudes of religiosity in the American Protestant sample, but a clear peculiarity emerged indicating a higher presence of guilt religiosity in the Serbian Orthodox sample. The concept of God in this environment is that of a punishing God, along with a predominance of extrinsic psychological religiosity, leading to a psychologically disaffected (negative affect) situation.
Ključne besede: sociology of religion, religious orientation, Serbian orthodoxy, religiosity, religious experiences, extrinsic orientation, quest religiosity, consequentialiy
Objavljeno v DKUM: 07.06.2012; Ogledov: 1964; Prenosov: 90
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