1. Inter-person differences in isometric coactivations of triceps surae and tibialis anterior decrease in young, but not in older adults after 14 days of bed restMatjaž Divjak, Gašper Sedej, Nina Murks, Mitja Gerževič, Uroš Marušič, Rado Pišot, Boštjan Šimunič, Aleš Holobar, 2022, izvirni znanstveni članek Opis: We examined activation patterns of the gastrocnemius medialis (GM), gastrocnemius lateralis (GL), soleus (SO), and tibialis anterior (TA) muscles in eight older (58.4 ± 3.3 years) and seven young (23.1 ± 2.9 years) participants, before and after 14 days of horizontal bed rest. Visual feedback on the exerted muscle torque was provided to the participants. The discharge patterns of individual motor units (MUs) were studied in three repetitions of isometric plantar flexion at 30 and 60% of Maximum Voluntary Contraction (MVC), before, and 1 day after the 14-day bed rest, respectively. In the GL and GM muscles, the older participants demonstrated higher MU discharge rates than the young, regardless of the contraction level, both before and after the bed rest. In the TA and SO muscles, the differences between the older and young participants were less consistent. Detailed analysis revealed person-specific changes in the MU discharge rates after the bed rest. To quantify the coactivation patterns we calculated the correlation coefficients between the cumulative spike trains of identified MUs from each muscle, and measured the root mean square difference of the correlation coefficients between the trials of the same session (intra-session variability) and between different sessions (inter-session variability) in each participant (intra-person comparison) and across participants (inter-person comparison). In the intra-person comparison, the inter-session variability was higher than the intra-session variability, either before or after the bed rest. At 60% MVC torque, the young demonstrated higher inter-person variability of coactivation than the older participants, but this variability decreased significantly after the bed rest. In older participants, inter-person variability was consistently lower at 60% than at 30% MVC torque. In young participants, inter-person variability became lower at 60% than at 30% MVC torque only after the bed rest. Precaution is required when analyzing the MU discharge and coactivation patterns, as individual persons demonstrate individual adaptations to aging or bed rest.
Ključne besede: mišičnoskeletni sistem, mišice, bed rest, staranje, elektromiografija, high density electromyography, muscle disuse, motor units, discharge rate, aging
Objavljeno v DKUM: 07.07.2023; Ogledov: 539; Prenosov: 61
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2. MERITEV MIŠIČNE ZMOGLJIVOSTI Z EMG PRI ZDRAVSTVENIH DELAVCIHAdil Begić, 2015, magistrsko delo Opis: Ugotovili bomo mišične obremenitve in zmogljivosti, povezane s transferi pacientov in bremen (dinamične obremenitve - dvigovanje nepomičnih pacientov) ter preučiti obolevnost v ledvenem (težave s križem) in vratnem delu hrbtenice (statične obremenitve - delo z računalnikom v neustreznem položaju) pri zdravstvenih delavcih. Namen predlagane magistrske naloge je s pomočjo domače in tuje strokovne literature, izkušenj iz klinične prakse ter raziskav celovito proučiti pojavnost poškodb v vratnem in ledvenem delu hrbtenice na podlagi statističnih podatkov in meritev z elektromiografijo. Z zbranimi podatki bomo lahko preučevali, kateri dejavniki vplivajo na MSO obolevnost zdravstvenih delavcev. S tem bomo pokazali možnosti za izboljšanje zdravstvenega stanja zdravstvenih delavcev in možnosti za zmanjšanje absentizma ter posledično stroškov delodajalcev. V empiričnem delu magistrske naloge bomo uporabili kvantitativno metodo dela. Dobljene rezultate bomo obdelali z uporabo statističnih metod (deskriptivna statistika s korelacijskim testom). Hipotezo bomo preverili s T-testom in Z-testom. Drugi eksperimentalni del bomo izvedli s pomočjo EMG aparata, s katerim bomo merili mišično zmogljivost posameznikov pri določeni obremenitvi. Predstavljena raziskava, ki temelji na metodološkem pristopu metaanalize, je pokazala, da je bolečina v križu pomemben zdravstveni problem pri zdravstvenem osebju, zlasti pri poklicni skupini medicinskih sester. Pomembno je upoštevati vidik specifičnih razlik v obremenitvah hrbtenice pri delu v različnih kliničnih okoljih (npr. intenzivni, ortopedski, interni, kirurški oddelek). Predlaga se vzpostavitev tako imenovanih gibalnih centrov v kliničnem okolju v katerih bi pod strokovnim vodstvom (fiziater, fizioterapevt,kineziolog) potekala izobraževanja o ustrezni gibalni aktivnosti na delovnem mestu in strukturirani, najmanj dvakrat tedenski 45-minutni gibalni vadbeni program.
Ključne besede: Elektromiografija, trapezna mišica, zadnja vratna mišica, spodnja hrbtna mišica, globoka primarna mišica.
Objavljeno v DKUM: 30.06.2015; Ogledov: 2151; Prenosov: 289
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