1. Economic and social diversity in Australia's cotton-producing communitiesTony Sorensen, Bernice Kotey, 2009, izvirni znanstveni članek Opis: Australia’s highly profitable cotton industry is geographically constrained to districts in northern New South Wales and Southern Queensland. However, the rural towns servicing the industry are facing unprecedented stress on account of fierce commercial competition between them, many years of drought during the 2000s, technological innovation in cotton production, the chance occurrence of non-agricultural economic opportunities, and even ethnic composition. Our research focuses on the role of innovative small business in overcoming community stress and we have selected a small sample of six local government areas to examine this link in depth. The selection of a representative sample entailed the classification of cotton communities on the basis of their economic and social profiles and how they had evolved over the inter-census period 2001-06. This analysis surprisingly showed that cotton growing regions are highly differentiated not just at a single point in time (2006), but also in their development trajectories. This considerably complicated the process of sample selection, but also demonstrated the diversity of rural settlement.
Ključne besede: diversity of rural settlements, non-agricultural activity, cotton industry, innovative SME’s
Objavljeno: 19.03.2018; Ogledov: 521; Prenosov: 68
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2. Training in diversity managementSonja Treven, Urška Treven, 2007, izvirni znanstveni članek Opis: The labor force all around the world is becoming increasingly diverse. Thus, organizations that can manage employee diversity effectively gain a competitive advantage. In such organizations diversity training is a necessity. Diversity training helps managers understand and value individual differences and develop strong diagnostic skills. The paper explores various approaches to training, like awareness-based and skill-based diversity training. A special attention to potential problems that may occur in the process of diversity training is given.
Ključne besede: diversity management, training, employment, competitiveness, human resources, management
Objavljeno: 26.07.2017; Ogledov: 1011; Prenosov: 304
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3. Emergence of target waves in paced populations of cyclically competing speciesLuo-Luo Jiang, Tao Zhou, Matjaž Perc, Xin Huang, Bing-Hong Wang, 2009, izvirni znanstveni članek Opis: We investigate the emergence of target waves in a cyclic predator-prey model incorporating a periodic current of the three competing species in a small area situated at the center of a square lattice. The periodic current acts as a pacemaker, trying to impose its rhythm on the overall spatiotemporal evolution of the three species. We show that the pacemaker is able to nucleate target waves that eventually spread across the whole population, whereby three routes leading to this phenomenon can be distinguished depending on the mobility of the three species and the oscillation period of the localized current. First, target waves can emerge due to the synchronization between the periodic current and oscillations of the density of the three species on the spatial grid. The second route is similar to the first, the difference being that the synchronization sets in only intermittently. Finally, the third route toward target waves is realized when the frequency of the pacemaker is much higher than that characterizing the oscillations of the overall density of the three species. By considering the mobility and frequency of the current as variable parameters, we thus provide insights into the mechanisms of pattern formation resulting from the interplay between local and global dynamics in systems governed by cyclically competing species.
Ključne besede: cyclical interactions, target waves, spatial games, diversity
Objavljeno: 30.06.2017; Ogledov: 869; Prenosov: 308
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4. Does strong heterogeneity promote cooperation by group interactions?Matjaž Perc, 2011, izvirni znanstveni članek Opis: Previous research has highlighted the importance of strong heterogeneity for the successful evolution of cooperation in games governed by pairwise interactions. Here we determine to what extent this is true for games governed by group interactions. We therefore study the evolution of cooperation in the public goods game on the square lattice, the triangular lattice, and the random regular graph, whereby the payoffs are distributed either uniformly or exponentially amongst the players by assigning to them individual scaling factors that determine the share of the public good they will receive. We find that uniformly distributed public goods are more successful in maintaining high levels of cooperation than exponentially distributed public goods. This is not in agreement with previous results on games governed by pairwise interactions, indicating that group interactions may be less susceptible to the promotion of cooperation by means of strong heterogeneity than originally assumed, and that the role of strongly heterogeneous states should be reexamined for other types of games.
Ključne besede: social dilemmas, cooperation, public goods, inequality, social diversity
Objavljeno: 30.06.2017; Ogledov: 708; Prenosov: 333
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5. Training programs for managing well-being in companiesSonja Treven, Urška Treven, Simona Šarotar Žižek, 2015, izvirni znanstveni članek Opis: This paper discussed the significance of well-being (WB) and well-being management (WBM). As successful WBM requires the implementation of different training programs, such programs are presented in detail. The cause–effect relationship between training and individual/organizational performance is researched as well. The aim of the research to support this article was to present WBM, its training programs, as well as the determination of WBM activities concerning the mentioned programs implemented in Slovenian organizations.
Ključne besede: training, well-being, employee diversity, stress
Objavljeno: 03.04.2017; Ogledov: 715; Prenosov: 308
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7. Evolutionarily distinctive species often capture more phylogenetic diversity than expectedDavid W. Redding, Klass Hartmann, Aki Mimoto, Drago Bokal, Matt DeVos, Arne Ø. Mooers, 2008, izvirni znanstveni članek Opis: Evolucijska posebnost meri, koliko se določena vrsta evolucijsko razlikuje v svoji filogenetski veji. Nedavno so bile za določanje prioritet pri ohranjanju biotske raznolikosti predlagane mere, ki so eksplicitno vključujejo časovno komponento. Vendar ugotavljamo, da se takšne mere kakovostno razlikujejo glede na to, kako dobro zaobjamejo skupno evolucijo (poimenovano kot filogenetsko raznolikost), ki jo predstavlja izbrana množica vrst. S pomočjo simulacij in preproste teorije grafov smo raziskali ta odnos glede na obliko filogenetskega drevesa. Pokazali smo, da mere posebnosti zaobjamejo več filogenetske raznolikosti na neuravnoteženih drevesih in na drevesih z veliko cepitvami blizu sedanjosti. Vrstni red glede na mero posebnosti je bil robusten neodvisno od oblike dreves, pri čemer so se proporcionalne mere obnašale bolje od mer, osnovanih na vozlišcih dreves. Enak vzorec se je izkazal na primeru 50 ultrametričnih dreves iz literature. Tako lahko zaključimo, da so mere posebnosti lahko koristen dodatni indikator pri določanju prioritet ohranjanja vrst. Najenostavnejša mera, starost vrste, se v tem kontekstu izkaže presenetljivo dobro, kar nakazuje da nove mere, ki se osredotočijo na obliko drevesa pri konicah, lahko zagotovijo transparentno alternativo za bolj zapletene pristope, ki obravnavajo polna drevesa.
Ključne besede: filogenetska raznolikost, evolucija, mera posebnosti, filogenetsko drevo, filogenetic diversity, evolution, distinctness measure, filogenetic tree
Objavljeno: 10.07.2015; Ogledov: 708; Prenosov: 75
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8. Cellular diversity promotes intercellular Ca[sup]2+ wave propagationMarko Gosak, 2009, izvirni znanstveni članek Opis: Calcium ions are an important second messenger in living cells. Calcium signals in form of waves serve as a means of intercellular communication and thus represent a vibrant subject for experimental and theoretical investigations. Here we study the role of cellular variability on the occurrence of ▫$Ca^{2+}$▫ wave propagation in a net of diffusively coupled cells. Dynamics of individual cells is simulated by a mathematical model for ▫$Ca^{2+}$▫ oscillations. Structural diversity of cells is introduced via variations of the bifurcation parameters, which signify cell sensitivity for external stimulation. Remarkably, for sufficient values of variability ▫$Ca^{2+}$▫ waves emerge, which are mostly ordered for intermediate variability strength. We analyze the spatial profile via the autocorrelation function, which confirms aresonance-like response due to the cellular variability. Thus, the reported phenomenon is a novel observation of diversity-induced spatial coherence resonance in a tissue-like media.
Ključne besede: dynamic systems, waves, calcium oscillations, resonance, diversity-induced resonance, cellular variability, coupled cells, intracellular processes
Objavljeno: 07.06.2012; Ogledov: 1293; Prenosov: 17
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