1. Eyespot variation in the meadow brown butterfly, Maniola jurtina (Insecta: Lepidoptera) in diverse climatic conditionsTina Klenovšek, Predrag Jakšić, Franc Janžekovič, 2025, izvirni znanstveni članek Opis: Eyespots are functionally complex and highly variable elements of butterfly wing patterns. The Meadow Brown, Maniola jurtina, is a classic model species studied for variation in eyespots as an index of evolutionary divergence and adaptation. However, the role of fine-scale ecogeographic conditions on eyespot variation remains poorly understood. In this study, we examined hindwing eyespot number, distribution, and combination patterns in male M. jurtina across climatically and topographically diverse north-western Balkans. Compared to the species average, males in this region displayed greater spottiness and phenotypic diversity. While the typical two-spot phenotype was dominant and stable, in some populations, three-spotted and even four-spotted males occurred at similar frequencies. Rare six-spotted individuals were recorded only at mountain localities above 1200 m. Geographic and climatic factors together influenced this variation: higher altitudes and cooler, thermally stable environments promoted increased eyespot number and greater phenotypic plasticity than warmer, more variable environments. This pattern contrasts with large-scale latitudinal trends previously described for the species, emphasizing the importance of local climatic heterogeneity. Our findings suggest the north-western Balkans as a possible transitional zone where environmental complexity promotes elevated eyespot variability, contributing to the understanding of adaptive morphological plasticity in M. jurtina.
Ključne besede: altitudinal variation, climatic gradients, morphological diversity, phenotypic plasticity, polymorphism, wing pattern variation
Objavljeno v DKUM: 01.10.2025; Ogledov: 0; Prenosov: 4
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2. Advancing cultural competence in healthcare system : insights on barriers and required measuresHelena Kristina Halbwachs, Helena Blažun Vošner, Marija Ovsenik, 2025, izvirni znanstveni članek Opis: Background/Purpose: Cultural competence in the healthcare system is a crucial strategy to ensure the availability, accessibility, acceptability, and quality of healthcare services. However, literature on the systemic implementation of this concept in the Central and Eastern European region is scarce. The aim of our study is to present insights into the barriers to cultural competence and measures for its advancement in the Slovenian healthcare system. Methods: We employed a qualitative methodology, conducting semi-structured interviews with professionals and experts in Slovenian healthcare system. Data was analysed by directed content analysis. Results: The identified barriers to cultural competence and measures for its advancement pertained to several areas, including staffing, information for healthcare users, multidisciplinary and multi-level approaches, data collection and research, communication possibilities and skills, legislative foundation, flexibility of the healthcare system, quality standards, and educational efforts and policies. Conclusions: In our study, we found that most barriers to cultural competence exist at the systemic and organizational level. Consequently, the measures identified to address these barriers should also be implemented at these levels. The first step towards achieving safer and more equitable healthcare services should involve incorporating the core principles of cultural competence into strategies and policies at both systemic and organizational levels of healthcare.
Ključne besede: cultural competency, patient diversity, obstacles, strategies, healthcare system
Objavljeno v DKUM: 07.08.2025; Ogledov: 0; Prenosov: 4
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3. Employer branding as a catalyst for workforce diversity and excellence : an in-depth study from Costa RicaTom Okot, Monica Ramirez, Ronald Deckert, 2025, izvirni znanstveni članek Opis: Background/Purpose: This study explores key factors Costa Rican workers consider when applying to or staying
with a company, aiming to inform effective employer branding strategies.
Method: Surveying 385 mid/senior-level professionals, the research focuses on five dimensions: interest value,
social value, economic value, development value, and application value.
Result: Findings reveal that Costa Rican professionals prioritize Interest Value, Application Value, and Development
Value, emphasizing growth opportunities, engaging roles, and alignment with company values. Competitive compensation is also crucial.
Conclusion: The study suggests that employer branding strategies should highlight development opportunities,
meaningful work, and value alignment to attract and retain diverse talent. Limitations include the survey’s design,
which may restrict response depth, and its exclusive focus on Costa Rica, potentially limiting generalizability. The
results offer valuable insights for organizations in Costa Rica to enhance recruitment and retention by aligning with job seeker preferences.
Ključne besede: employer branding, employer attractiveness, diversity, equity & inclusion, talent attraction, Costa Rica
Objavljeno v DKUM: 06.08.2025; Ogledov: 0; Prenosov: 5
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4. Multilingual educational practices at pre-primary level in Slovenia, Austria, Italy and Croatia : a comparative analysisMojca Žefran, Natascha J. Taslimi, Silvia Toniolo, Lorena Lazarić, 2024, pregledni znanstveni članek Opis: The paper presents findings from a scoping review of scientific articles, projects, networks, and legal documents concerning multilingual practices at the pre-primary level in Slovenia, Croatia, Austria, and Italy aimed at exploring the extent and nature of multilingual educational practices, as well as research findings related to multilingual education at the pre-primary level in these countries. The primary objective was to assess the current situation, challenges, and future prospects of multilingual practices in preschool institutions. The results offer valuable insights into multilingual practices in these countries, highlighting the need for enhancing teachers' competence to effectively work in linguistically diverse environments.
Ključne besede: multilingualism, multiculturalism, linguistic and cultural diversity, multilingual preschool education
Objavljeno v DKUM: 29.07.2025; Ogledov: 0; Prenosov: 2
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5. Diversity analysis of adult Chironomidae in the Lake Victoria basin of KenyaOdhiambo Walter Otieno, Reuben Oyoo Mosi, Peter Bulli, 2023, izvirni znanstveni članek Opis: Chironomidae commonly inhabits most aquatic habitats and often dominate aquatic insect communities in abundance and species richness. Despite their ecological importance, the diversity and distribution of chironomids in the Lake Victoria ecosystem of Kenya have not been studied to date. Here we report on the diversity and distribution of adult Chironomidae in Usenge, Mbita and Ogal beaches of the Lake Victoria ecosystem in Kenya using morphological features and sequence data of Cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene. Wing venation-based microscopic characterization identified four genera, Tanypus, Coelotanypus, Dicrotendipes and Chironomus. The COI gene barcoding further revealed several species, including Kiefferulus brevibucca, Chironomus flaviplumus, Polypedilum fuscovittatum, Polypedilum sp. and Dicrotendipes sp. The identified species were grouped into three clusters based on neighbor-joining phylogenetic approach. Differences in species richness were observed among the three study sites, with Mbita exhibiting the highest species richness. The evolutionary analysis revealed relatedness among all the identified species, suggesting a shared recent common ancestor. Unlike previous studies, this study represents the
first report on detailed characterization of Chironomidae in the Lake Victoria ecosystem of Kenya. Moreover, this study serves as a first step towards a comprehensive understanding of the range of species of Chironomidae inhabiting this ecosystem.
Ključne besede: Chironomidae, cytochrome c oxidase subunit I, DNA barcording, wing venation, diversity
Objavljeno v DKUM: 23.04.2025; Ogledov: 0; Prenosov: 2
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6. Determinants of diarrhea, phenotypic and genomic characterization of Escherichia coli isolates from diarrheic and non-diarrheic patients attending public primary health facilities in Addis Ababa and Hossana, Ethiopia : dissertationWolde Deneke, 2025, doktorska disertacija Ključne besede: dissertations, Escherichia coli, antimicrobial resistance, genetic diversity, antimicrobial resistance genes, virulence-associated genes, mobile genetic elements, phylogenetic groups, whole-genome sequencing
Objavljeno v DKUM: 10.04.2025; Ogledov: 0; Prenosov: 32
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7. Conservation of forest genetic resources with forest reproductive material management guidelinesHojka Kraigher, 2025 Opis: The textbook is intended for students and professionals in the field of conservation of biotic diversity with an emphasis on the conservation of genetic diversity, silviculturers and forest seed dealers and responsible in forest nurseries. It includes the basics of forest genetics, presents the importance and theoretical basis for the conservation of forest genetic resources, the Strategy for conservation of forest genetic resources in Europe, EUFORGEN and SIFORGEN programs (Slovenian program for the conservation of forest genetic resources). Botanical rpesentations of seed structure and germination physiology. Technologies of collection, processing and storage, and germination of seeds of forest tree species. Basics of seedlings production in forest nurseries. European and Slovenian legislation in the field of forest reproductive material. Examples of documents used in the approval of forest seed objects (basic material) and certification of forest reproductive material.
Ključne besede: genetic diversity, legislation, certification, forest reproductive mterial, conservation of forets genetic resources
Objavljeno v DKUM: 31.01.2025; Ogledov: 0; Prenosov: 8
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8. Novel Siphoviridae Bacteriophages infecting Bacteroides uniformis contain diversity generating retroelementStina Hedžet, Maja Rupnik, Tomaž Accetto, 2021, izvirni znanstveni članek Opis: Intestinal phages are abundant and important components of gut microbiota, yet the isolated and characterized representatives that infect abundant gut bacteria are sparse. Here we describe the isolation of human intestinal phages infecting Bacteroides uniformis. Bacteroides is one of the most common bacterial groups in the global human gut microbiota; however, to date not many Bacteroides specific phages are known. Phages isolated in this study belong to a novel viral genus, Bacuni, within the Siphoviridae family. Their genomes encode diversity-generating retroelements (DGR), which were shown in other bacteriophages to promote phage adaptation to rapidly changing environmental conditions and to broaden their host range. Three isolated phages showed 99.83% genome identity but one of them infected a distinct B. uniformis strain. The tropism of Bacuni phages appeared to be dependent on the interplay of DGR mediated sequence variations of gene encoding putative phage fimbrial tip proteins and mutations in host genes coding for outer-membrane proteins. We found prophages with up to 85% amino acid similarity over two-thirds of the Bacuni phage genome in the B. acidifaciens and Prevotella sp. genomes. Despite the abundance of Bacteroides within the human microbiome, we found Bacuni phages only in a limited subset of published gut metagenomes.
Ključne besede: gut, Bacteroides, virome, prophage, diversity-generating retroelement, uniformis, Siphoviridae
Objavljeno v DKUM: 19.08.2024; Ogledov: 64; Prenosov: 11
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9. Benchmarking plant diversity of Palaearctic grasslands and other open habitatsIdoia Biurrun, Remigiusz Pielech, Iwona Dembicz, François Gillet, Łukasz Kozub, Corrado Marcenò, Triin Reitalu, Koenraad Van Meerbeek, Riccardo Guarino, Milan Chytrý, Nataša Pipenbaher, Sonja Škornik, 2021, izvirni znanstveni članek Opis: Aims: Understanding fine-grain diversity patterns across large spatial extents is fundamental for macroecological research and biodiversity conservation. Using the GrassPlot database, we provide benchmarks of fine-grain richness values of Palaearctic open habitats for vascular plants, bryophytes, lichens and complete vegetation (i.e., the sum of the former three groups).
Location: Palaearctic biogeographic realm.
Methods: We used 126,524 plots of eight standard grain sizes from the GrassPlot database: 0.0001, 0.001, 0.01, 0.1, 1, 10, 100 and 1,000 m2 and calculated the mean richness and standard deviations, as well as maximum, minimum, median, and first and third quartiles for each combination of grain size, taxonomic group, biome, region, vegetation type and phytosociological class.
Results: Patterns of plant diversity in vegetation types and biomes differ across grain sizes and taxonomic groups. Overall, secondary (mostly semi-natural) grasslands and natural grasslands are the richest vegetation type. The open-access file ”GrassPlot Diversity Benchmarks” and the web tool “GrassPlot Diversity Explorer” are now available online (https://edgg.org/databases/GrasslandDiversityExplorer) and provide more insights into species richness patterns in the Palaearctic open habitats.
Conclusions: The GrassPlot Diversity Benchmarks provide high-quality data on species richness in open habitat types across the Palaearctic. These benchmark data can be used in vegetation ecology, macroecology, biodiversity conservation and data quality checking. While the amount of data in the underlying GrassPlot database and their spatial coverage are smaller than in other extensive vegetation-plot databases, species recordings in GrassPlot are on average more complete, making it a valuable complementary data source in macroecology.
Ključne besede: benchmark, bryophyte, fine-grain biodiversity, grassland, GrassPlot Diversity Explorer, lichen, open habitat, Palaearctic, scale dependence, species–area relationship, vascular plant, vegetation plot
Objavljeno v DKUM: 07.08.2024; Ogledov: 88; Prenosov: 11
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10. Genetska struktura in raznolikost nekaterih tradicionalnih genotipov sliv (Prunus domestica L., Prunus cerasifera Ehrh. in Prunus spinosa L.) : doktorska disertacijaTina Ternjak, 2024, doktorska disertacija Opis: Slovenia has a unique blend of climatic, soil, geographic and historical factors that fostered a rich tradition of plum cultivation and utilization. This study was set up to achieve following objectives: 1. assess the genetic diversity of 124 accessions of the three Prunus species (P. domestica L., P. cerasifera Ehrh., and P. spinosa L.); explore the possible contribution of P. cerasifera and P. spinosa to the ancestry of P. domestica; examine the genetic relationships and variability among the prevalent P. domestica material distributed in Slovenia. A combination of genetic markers, including 11 SSRs (UDP96-005, BPPCT034, EMPAS12, UCD-CH17, EMPAS06, EMPAS11, EMPAS14, BPPCT014, BPPCT025, CPSCT026 and CPPCT006) and three universal cpDNA markers (HK, K1K2 and VL), were chosen alongside flow cytometry. The analysis identified ten cpDNA haplotypes, which were grouped into three clusters using Unweighted Neighbor-Joining (NJ) analysis. All 11 SSR primer pairs exhibited polymorphism, revealing 116 unique genotypes and a total of 328 alleles, indicating considerable diversity with an average of 29.82 alleles per locus. Bayesian analysis distinguished two ancestral populations across all analyzed species. Principal Coordinate Analysis (PCoA) reflected the clustering observed in the Bayesian analysis. When analyzing individual set of P. domestica material, Bayesian analysis also distinguished two ancestral populations across, with PCoA confirming the results of Bayesian analysis. The NJ analysis categorized 71 P. domestica accessions into three clusters with numerous subgroups, reflecting a high genetic diversity. The majority of accessions aligned with traditional pomological groups, such as common prunes, mirabelle plums and greengages.
Genetic diversity parameters were analyzed for the 42 diploid P. cerasifera genotypes. A relatively high diversity levels were found, resulting in 135 alleles, with high average values for alleles per locus (10.38), effective number of alleles (Ne = 5.22), expected heterozygosity (He = 0.77), observed heterozygosity (Ho = 0.64) and PIC value (0.754). In addition, 32 private alleles were found in 20 accessions. Bayesian analysis of the P. cerasifera material revealed three ancestral populations, corroborated by Principal Coordinate Analysis, while an NJ analysis grouped the accessions into three clusters based on the origin of the accession. This study identified valuable local landraces within the P. domestica pool, including traditional prunes or Bluish plums, which are of great genetic interest. Furthermore, the integration of complementary methods facilitated the differentiation of the three species and provided insights into the origin of plum. The findings will be crucial in comprehending the diversity of Slovenian plum germplasm, improving conservation efforts, recovering local genotypes and enriching existing collections of plant genetic resources.
Ključne besede: Prunus spp., plum, genetic resources, genetic diversity, genetic structure, cpDNA, SSR
Objavljeno v DKUM: 24.07.2024; Ogledov: 160; Prenosov: 100
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