1. Safety, security, and crime prevention in rural areas of Krasnodarskyi Krai and the Republic of AdygeaAnton Petrovskiy, 2020, pregledni znanstveni članek Opis: Purpose: The purpose of the article is to study crime and crime prevention in the rural areas of Krasnodarskyi krai and the Republic of Adygea to make suggestions for how to enhance the public security system. Design/Methods/Approach: The following methods were applied to assess crime in the rural areas of the two Russian Southern regions for the period between 2015 and 2019: a statistical observation, and calculation of a crimes index analysis of law enforcement reports. Findings: In order to ensure public security of the population in rural areas it is necessary to decentralise the crime prevention system in Russia by transferring law enforcement powers to the municipal bodies, by creating municipal police and a system for the re-socialisation of former criminals. Research Limitations/Implications: Crime in the rural areas of Krasnodarskyi krai and the Republic of Adygea depends on the impact of local factors. As a result, the reasons and conditions of similar crimes in the rural areas of Central Russia might differ. Practical Implications: The results could be used by the local authorities in planning crime prevention measures and enhancing crime prevention in the rural areas of the regions under study. Originality / Value: The article is the first study of the criminological characteristics of crime in the rural areas of Krasnodarskyi krai and the Republic of Adygea since 2014, suggesting measures to boost crime prevention with regard to the contemporary socio-economic situation.
Ključne besede: public security, crime prevention, rural area, efficiency of police activity
Objavljeno v DKUM: 04.01.2021; Ogledov: 893; Prenosov: 41
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2. Youth drug and crime prevention practices in Hungary as reflected in the opinions of students and professionalsFruzsina Albert, Olga Tóth, 2013, izvirni znanstveni članek Opis: Purpose:
In this article, we will try to compare how different actors view/experience current prevention practices of youth delinquency in Hungary.
Design/Methods/Approach:
We use both qualitative and quantitative data regarding the views of the professionals involved in working with young people and 14–17 year old students’ opinions on existing prevention programs on youth violence and delinquent behaviour and their perceived effectiveness.
Findings:
The repressive approach, although increasingly important, is not considered very effective. The educational system seems to be the best framework for prevention, but also community development should be important, as useful freetime activities and locations for such are widely missing. Central policy making efforts could be useful to introduce elements of crime prevention (in the broadest sense) in the school curricula. There is a significant difference between the opinion of students and professionals regarding the role of teachers in prevention activities. While experts consider that teachers should play an increased role in prevention in the future, young people are often quite sceptical about these actors.
Originality/Value:
A unique feature of this article is that it brings together and can reflect opinions of the actors involved in prevention.
Ključne besede: youth delinquency, crime prevention programs, efficiency, Hungary
Objavljeno v DKUM: 23.04.2020; Ogledov: 1007; Prenosov: 31
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3. Giving voice to 'youth of today' : young peoples views and perspectives on youth crime and its prevention in BelgiumAnneke Evenepoel, Jenneke Christiaens, 2013, izvirni znanstveni članek Opis: Purpose:
The aim of this article is to present findings on a study into the field of prevention of youth crime and deviance in Belgium. This research took place within the framework of a European study YouPrev that involved six European countries.
Design/Methods/Approach:
On one hand, a school survey was conducted with youngsters aged between 14 and 17 years in three regions: an urban, a semi-rural/urban and a rural area. Based on the new ISRD-3, in addition to classic self-report questions, the instrument also focused on young people’s views and perceptions regarding practices and initiatives aimed at preventing youth delinquency. To enhance the richness of these results, group discussions and interviews with youngsters were organised in the same regions, addressing the same topic.
Findings:
The major finding was that the youngsters that participated in the study do not seem to be part of classical prevention target groups. They attach great importance to informal actors in controlling and preventing youth crime (while formal actors like police, social work and prevention services are the main professions involved in Belgium). When it comes to their possible deviant behaviour, the survey pointed out that the majority appear not to use alcohol and drugs in a problematic way, and they don’t seem to have much contact with police or other legal actors. Furthermore, the respondents have very limited experience with and knowledge about prevention activities in their area, not only about secondary and tertiary but also general prevention initiatives. This could imply that the ‘best’ prevention is the activity that is not brought forward and perceived as such, a new hypothesis that would be interesting for further research.
Research Limitations / Implications:
Conducting research in the field of prevention should move beyond the school and more into the field of prevention practices, from different epistemological perspectives. This implies that the actual target groups of these practices should be included and be given a voice. If we want to find out more about ‘best practices’ in the prevention of youth crime, it is essential to question the views and perspectives of youngsters who were actually involved in prevention projects.
Practical Implications:
To take into account the views of the target groups in the study of the field of youth crime prevention may open up new, and maybe very different, directions for policy and practice on how to approach and react to youth delinquency and deviance. In an European Study regarding the prevention of youth deviance and violence (“YouPrev: Youth deviance and youth violence: A European multi-agency perspective on best practices in prevention and control”), Belgium, Germany, Hungary, Portugal, Slovenia, and Spain have conducted surveys among 13 to 17 year old students. Based on the new ISRD-3 instrument, in addition to the classic selfreport questions, the survey also focused on their perceptions and views regarding practices and initiatives aimed at preventing youth delinquency. In this article, we will present the results collected in Belgium. The aim is to stimulate reflection and contribute to the international discussion regarding a very popular topic today by adding the perspective of the seemingly ‘unpopular’ key players.
Ključne besede: prevention, youth crime, young people’s perspective, Belgium
Objavljeno v DKUM: 23.04.2020; Ogledov: 1119; Prenosov: 36
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4. Crime prevention in Germany: Relevance of community crime prevention and victim-offender mediation : bachelor thesisRobi Pozderec, 2018, diplomsko delo Opis: Crime is an ancient problem, which has always been and will be a trouble for every society. Punishment has been seen as a natural reaction for crime or delinquent behaviour; if it didn’t help to reach the desired outcome, even harsher punishment was inflicted upon the offenders. Even though punishment became harsher throughout the time, it didn’t deter offenders from committing a crime. Over the centuries, crime prevention strategies were based on deterrence theory; this theory relied on perceiving the threat of punishment which is so severe, that it would outweigh any potential profit from committing a crime. In the 21st century, deterrence theory is still the dominant approach to prevent crime. Nevertheless, it was shown that imprisonment is poor strategy for crime prevention. Not only it does not deter offenders from committing a crime, but in some cases, after release from prison, they tend to reoffend because they have a problem with reintegration into society. In addition to not being effective as a strategy for drop in crime rates, incarceration is also very costly sanction. In the past decades, these reasons have led criminologists to put in the foreground alternative ways to imprisonment, which would result in effective crime prevention. Two of such are victim-offender mediation as a method of restorative justice and community crime prevention, where the community is the object of interest which relies on participation of the citizens and tries to recognize potential of crime in the community early on.
Ključne besede: crime prevention, restorative justice, mediation, community, Germany
Objavljeno v DKUM: 25.10.2018; Ogledov: 1614; Prenosov: 68
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5. Crime prevention through public-private cooperation within the security system of Republic of MacedoniaSaše Gerasimoski, 2013, pregledni znanstveni članek Opis: Purpose:
This article examines the contribution of public-private cooperation in crime prevention within the security system of Macedonia in the last 10 years.
Design/Methods/Approach:
Secondary data analysis on information obtained from the Ministry of Interior and private security entities as well as content analysis of available resources to estimate the importance of the crime prevention.
Findings:
In general, the contribution of the public-private cooperation to crime prevention within the contemporary security system of the Republic of Macedonia is seen more as potential than as reality, owing to the present level of co-existence between public and private security sector. Although the crime prevention advantages of the cooperation between them are recognized within both sectors, it is certain that only joint activities within securing the public events and transportation of money, documents and other valuables are functioning so far.
Research limitations / implications:
Considering the fact that secondary data are being used, employing primary data for analysis in the future will probably strengthen the findings obtained with this research and reveal new relations.
Originality/Value:
Though there are several studies related to private security in the Republic of Macedonia, there is a lack of studies concerning public-private cooperation within the security system, let alone their relationship to crime prevention. We see this study as a pivotal contribution to efforts to highlight this crucial dimension of their mutual relation nowadays and in the future.
Ključne besede: crime, prevention, public-private cooperation, security systems, Republic of Macedonia kriminaliteta, preprečevanje, javno-zasebno partnerstvo, varnostni sistemi, Makedonija
Objavljeno v DKUM: 10.07.2015; Ogledov: 1153; Prenosov: 67
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