1. The independence coloring game on graphsBoštjan Brešar, Daša Mesarič Štesl, 2022, izvirni znanstveni članek Opis: We propose a new coloring game on a graph, called the independence coloring game, which is played by two players with opposite goals. The result of the game is a proper coloring of vertices of a graph G, and Alice’s goal is that as few colors as possible are used during the game, while Bob wants to maximize the number of colors. The game consists of rounds, and in round i, where i = 1, 2,, … , the players are taking turns in selecting a previously unselected vertex of G and giving it color i (hence, in each round the selected vertices form an independent set). The game ends when all vertices of G are selected (and thus colored), and the total number of rounds during the game when both players are playing optimally with respect to their goals, is called the independence game chromatic number, χig(G), of G. In fact, four different versions of the independence game chromatic number are considered, which depend on who starts a game and who starts next rounds. We prove that the new invariants lie between the chromatic number of a graph and the maximum degree plus 1, and characterize the graphs in which each of the four versions of the game invariant equals 2. We compare the versions of the independence game chromatic number among themselves and with the classical game chromatic number. In addition, we prove that the independence game chromatic number of a tree can be arbitrarily large. Ključne besede: graph, coloring, coloring game, competition-independence game, game chromatic number, tree Objavljeno v DKUM: 09.08.2024; Ogledov: 99; Prenosov: 10 Celotno besedilo (852,33 KB) Gradivo ima več datotek! Več... |
2. Selective distribution restrictions in the EU competition lawDaria Kostecka-Jurczyk, 2020, izvirni znanstveni članek Opis: The dynamic development of digital technologies favours the rapid increase the popularity of electronic commerce, but at the same time causes an ever-stronger competitive pressure, prompting manufacturers and wholesalers to use various tools for controlling the sales system, especially prices. They often impose various restrictions on commercial partners (e.g. distributors) by preventing them from using certain sales channels. However, it is difficult to delimit the legality of such sales restrictions. It is very difficult to find an answer to the question of where the appropriate demarcation line should be drawn that determines the violation of competition rules, especially in online sales. Regulation 330/2010 seems not to be tailored to the assessment of restrictions in online distribution channels. The aim of the article is to point out the lack of appropriate tools to assess the restrictions of internet sales. The article shows that there is currently no uniform approach by antitrust authorities, which in turn results in legal uncertainty. It seems that the amendment of Regulation 330/2010 should be considered and the market share threshold set out in it should be lowered, while at the same time ensuring that it will be an actual safe harbour for companies, including online distributors. Ključne besede: anticompetitive agreements, block exemption regulation, competition law, online sales, selective distribution, vertical agreements Objavljeno v DKUM: 15.01.2021; Ogledov: 1309; Prenosov: 0 |
3. Characteristics of innovation in regions with small- and medium-sized townsZoltán Birkner, Tivadar Máhr, Erzsébet Péter, Nora Berkes Rodek, 2018, izvirni znanstveni članek Opis: Globalisation “takes” its victims, which the authors believe means that the future of small- and medium-sized towns has become uncertain in Europe. The role of centres is continuously increasing, and most researchers prefer to analyse the competitiveness and innovativeness of metropolitan areas. In this study, we characterise the small- and medium-sized towns in the central–eastern European region as well as explore their possible development path. The authors are convinced that one way for these towns to survive is through strengthening of innovation abilities, which means increasing the innovation performances of economic stakeholders and new forms of interaction among other institutions in order to handle social problems. The theoretical starting point is the interpretation and presentation of the micropolitan (without big towns) regions as well as understanding the concept of technological and social innovation. As the result of the research, the innovation measurements carried out in some of the settlements will be represented. These experiences can help the small- and medium-sized towns keep up with global competition and cancel migration and erosion of intellectual potential. Ključne besede: micropolitan region, innovation in regions, technological and social innovation, competition Objavljeno v DKUM: 10.10.2018; Ogledov: 1468; Prenosov: 356 Celotno besedilo (278,38 KB) Gradivo ima več datotek! Več... |
4. Selected legal problems of online advertisingAleksandra Nowak-Gruca, 2018, izvirni znanstveni članek Opis: The aim of this article is to analyse the most important issues related to the latest forms of online advertising. In particular, appreciating the importance of online advertising in the development of the information society, the question is then raised about the legal limits of the admissibility of advertising, which is invasive, insistent or contains hidden meaning, inaccessible to the recipient's awareness of content. This issue has been presented from the perspective of European Union (EU) law, in the context of selected directives relevant for online advertising. The problem raised in the article deserves to be developed because we observe a sharp increase in the importance of the Internet, and the online advertising issue has not been the subject of comprehensive regulation in EU law. Ključne besede: online advertising, native advertising, product placement, unfair competition, integrity in advertising Objavljeno v DKUM: 02.08.2018; Ogledov: 1398; Prenosov: 342 Celotno besedilo (327,57 KB) Gradivo ima več datotek! Več... |
5. Competition authorities as the pillar of a competitive social market economy : a case study of institution building in SerbiaTatjana Jovanić, 2017, izvirni znanstveni članek Opis: The European economic model benefits from market forces as conditions for achieving goals of enterprises and consumers and economic efficiency is assured by necessary market infrastructure. Competition authorities are, without a doubt, one of the crucial pillars of the (social) market economy. The strength and impact of the competition rules is determined by their efficient implementation. The modest results to date of the competition policy in transitional economies militates in favor of an increase of the institutional capacity and require strengthening of the regulatory powers of public agencies in construction of an efficient economic system. Establishing a system of competitive markets through sectoral regulation, competition protection and state aid control at the national level requires a valid solution for a variety of legal, political and institutional conflicts. As the experience of the countries of South-East Europe has shown, many difficulties arising from the establishment of a functioning control system are procedural and relate to institutional building dilemmas. The purpose of this article is to shed light on the requirements the Republic of Serbia has to satisfy in accession negotiations, and in particular, those related to building an efficient system of state aid control. Ključne besede: social market economy, competition protection, state aid, institution building, Serbia Objavljeno v DKUM: 02.08.2018; Ogledov: 1224; Prenosov: 85 Celotno besedilo (444,68 KB) Gradivo ima več datotek! Več... |
6. Determining jurisdiction and the applicable law in cross-border unfair competition and unfair commercial practices casesIveta Rohová, David Sehnálek, 2017, izvirni znanstveni članek Opis: The free movement of goods promotes cross-border transactions. Computerization of services and intensified use of the Internet also contribute to the development of trade within the EU. Problems that could once be addressed almost exclusively or at least prevailingly at a national level currently assume cross-border character. This is also true in the case of regulation of unfair competition and unfair commercial practices. Whereas the substantive regulation of unfair competition in both EU and domestic law is quite common in scientific literature, its aspects in private international law are often neglected. Since the EU law has to a large extent replaced national conflict-of-law and procedural rules with unified EU provisions, this article focuses on the EU regulations Rome II and Brussels I bis with the emphasis put on the latter. The aim of this article is to review the rules determining jurisdiction (and the applicable law) on the basis of legal doctrine, current legislation and case law of the Court of Justice of the EU. Attention also will be paid to both off-line and on-line situations, as well as to the specifics of consumer protection in the context of unfair competition and unfair commercial practices. Ključne besede: unfair competition, unfair commercial practices, private international law, applicable law, jurisdiction, on-line torts Objavljeno v DKUM: 02.08.2018; Ogledov: 1172; Prenosov: 87 Celotno besedilo (559,94 KB) Gradivo ima več datotek! Več... |
7. Self-assessment system : detrimental effects on entrepreneurial and innovative activityMitja Kovač, Patricia Kotnik, 2015, izvirni znanstveni članek Opis: Efficient regulatory mechanisms that induce innovation, co-operation and deter competition law infringements have recently been the subject of growing attention. Competition is essential to the innovation process which in general terms enables entrepreneurship. But so too is co-operation between firms which requires an exchange of information and may lead to inefficient collusive behaviour. The optimal trade-off between the provision of stable entrepreneurial incentives and the new European competition law’s reform with the self-assessment system has been largely missing from the current scholarly debate. This paper identifies the unintended, harmful horizontal side effects of this new European self-assessment system upon the entrepreneurial activity, offers a legal evaluation of the optimal entrepreneurial incentive mechanisms and provides legal and entrepreneurial arguments for an improved regulatory response. Ključne besede: Slovenia, pravo, insolvency, legislation, competition policy, information exchange, entrepreneurship, innovation, self-assessment system Objavljeno v DKUM: 02.08.2018; Ogledov: 963; Prenosov: 106 Celotno besedilo (484,03 KB) Gradivo ima več datotek! Več... |
8. Assessment of the state of competition in the banking market in the Russian FederationAnna Rabdanova, Vera Bulatova, 2016, izvirni znanstveni članek Opis: Competition is one of the factors directly influencing the development of the banking market, the stability of the banking system, and the monetary system as a whole. This article describes the features of banking competition, methods of analysis of banking competition, and an analysis of the current state of competition in the banking market in the Russian Federation. The analysis of banking competition in the Russian Federation was performed using the concentration ratio for the top three companies and the Herfindahl-Hirschman Index. The research concludes with an assessment of the state of competition in the banking market and identification of the barriers to entering the financial services market. Ključne besede: Commercial bank, bank competition, banking market, market concentration Objavljeno v DKUM: 03.11.2017; Ogledov: 1594; Prenosov: 395 Celotno besedilo (340,42 KB) Gradivo ima več datotek! Več... |
9. Slovenian and German competition policy regimes : a comparative analysisAndreas Polk, Andreja Primec, 2017, izvirni znanstveni članek Opis: We use an institutional approach to analyze differences and similarities between competition policy regimes in Slovenia and Germany. We first indicate differences that exist in the implementation of EU competition law at the national level, given the unified framework of EU competition policy. In a next step, we discuss recent cases in both countries and indicate how historical developments and economic factors influence decision making and case law. We also discuss recent developments of the national competition policy regimes and indicate how the digital economy might shape competition policy in the future. Ključne besede: competition policy, competition cases, competition law, transition countries Objavljeno v DKUM: 09.08.2017; Ogledov: 1242; Prenosov: 180 Celotno besedilo (308,34 KB) Gradivo ima več datotek! Več... |
10. Empowerment of employees in gaining competitive advantageSonja Treven, Štefan Kajzer, 1999, izvirni znanstveni članek Opis: In the paper, the authors emanate from various types of structures of the enterprise whereby they focus their attention on the flexible form. They examine the possibilities to encourage the employees in achieving the business objectives in enterprises with a flexible organisational structure. They particularly deal with some of the more important aspects concerning the employees, as for example: job enrichment, self-managed work teams, creativity and gathering of ideas, the question of rewarding and recognizing the efforts of the staff. They conclude the paper by presenting the manner of recruiting and training as well as giving suggestions for creating "champions"in these enterprises. Ključne besede: company, employment, competition, competitiveness, organizational structures, creativity Objavljeno v DKUM: 04.07.2017; Ogledov: 1161; Prenosov: 110 Celotno besedilo (635,51 KB) Gradivo ima več datotek! Več... |