1. Production of enzymes from medicinal mushrooms : master's thesisGonzalo Herranz Gómez, 2022, magistrsko delo Opis: The purpose of this master's thesis was to determine the ability of certain organisms of the kingdom Fungi to produce a series of enzymes in their active form by solid-state fermentation. In this study, two types of fungi were used, Pleurotus ostreatus and Ganoderma lucidum. For this purpose, different growth media, cultivation times (8 and 10 days), extraction procedures (shaking and homogenization) and extraction medium (distilled water, sodium citrate buffer and sodium phosphate buffer) were used.
First, for P. ostreatus mushroom, the optimization of the extraction procedure and time for isolation of enzymes in their active form (α-amylase, glucoamylase, cellulase, laccase, and protease) was studied. It was observed that the highest total protein concentration in mycelium extract was obtained by 8 min of homogenization (0.8607 mg/mL, and distilled water). Using the shaking procedure, the highest enzyme activities were achieved for α-amylase (24 h, 8.0413 U/mL, and sodium citrate buffer) and protease (3 h, 0.0040 U/mL, and sodium citrate buffer). With the homogenization process, the highest activities were achieved for the enzymes glucoamylase (10 min, 6.7113 U/mL, and sodium citrate buffer) and laccase (8 min, 12.2500 U/mL, and sodium citate buffer).
For the mushroom G. lucidum, the growth medium and the extraction procedure were optimized, using the same extraction medium (sodium citrate buffer). In this case, α-amylase, glucoamylase, cellulase, laccase, protease, catalase, peroxidase, superoxidase dismutase (SOD), and lipase were studied. It was observed that the highest total protein concentration was obtained with 4 min of homogenization (0.0338 mg/mL). Furthermore, using the homogenization process, the highest activities were achieved for α-amylase (4 min, 16.3459 U/mL) and SOD (4 min, 9.2615 U/mL). With the shaking procedure, the highest activities were achieved for cellulase (3 h, 1.6332 U/mL), lipase (3 h, 16.924 U/mL), glucoamylase (3 h, 14.6737 U/mL), peroxidase (3 h, 0.0156 U/mL), protease (3 h, 0.0080 U/mL) and laccase (24 h, 20.7083 U/mL).
Ključne besede: medicinal mushrooms, Pleurotus ostreatus, Ganoderma lucidum, total proteins, enzymes activities.
Objavljeno v DKUM: 06.07.2022; Ogledov: 307; Prenosov: 18
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2. Variations in leaf total protein, phenolic and thiol contents amongst old varieties of mulberry from the Gorizia regionTina Ugulin, Tamas Bakonyi, Rebeka Lucijana Berčič, Andreja Urbanek Krajnc, 2015, izvirni znanstveni članek Opis: Preserving the plant genetic resources of genus Morus is insuffcient but undoubtedly vital for conservation of the world’s germplasm for our successors. This research was focused on old mulberry varieties from the Gorizia region in Slovenia which were assessed for their contents on crucial metabolites (proteins, phenolics and thiols) in leaves regarding their antioxidant and nutraceutical potentials. Total proteins were measured spectrophotometrically by following the procedure of Bradford, the total phenolic contents were determined using the Folin-Ciocalteu method and thiols were established with monobromobimane fluorescent dye. The presented metabolite screening showed that some of the evaluated genotypes had higher concentrations of glutathione and were superior in contents of proteins and phenolics when compared to the results of other authors and could be propagated as highly recommendable feed for silkworms, and other animals.
Ključne besede: feeds, glutathione, Morus, phenols, proteins
Objavljeno v DKUM: 14.11.2017; Ogledov: 1285; Prenosov: 468
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3. Quality and delivery of milk in SloveniaMarjan Janžekovič, Maksimiljan Brus, Lidija Mužerlin, 2007, izvirni znanstveni članek Opis: Milk production represents the possibility of earning monthly income and assures social security to many farms in Slovenia. In Slovenia the European rules and regulations on the quality of the delivered milk have been introduced, relating to the hygienic quality of milk and the count of somatic cells. The purchase price of the milk depends also on the protein and fat content. The aim of the research was to establish, whether the quality of the delivered milk complies with the prescriptions regulated by the Slovene legislation. The quality of the delivered milk in the area of the Šentjur agricultural cooperative (ACŠ) and in the entire area of Slovenia (SLO) has been studied. The bacteriological data in the individual quality classes, the data on the total count of somatic cels and the data on the fat and protein contents have been analyzed. 36 monthly accounts have been included in statistical processing. It has been established that the delivered milk of the areas in question does not differ in the relevant quality values.
Ključne besede: cattle, milk quality, fats, proteins, micro-organisms, somatic cells
Objavljeno v DKUM: 10.07.2017; Ogledov: 891; Prenosov: 112
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4. Effect of concentrate exchange on dairy farmMarjan Janžekovič, Milan Repič, 2009, izvirni znanstveni članek Opis: The purpose of the research was to establish the effect of concentrates A (C-A) and B (C-B) on the quantity and composition of the produced milk of dairy cows. The research included cows of Holstein Friesian and Simmental breeds and crossbreeds with Simmental breed. The test took place in two periods. The first period with the C-A lasted from December 2004 to February 2005 and included 113 cows. During the second period the C-B was fed. The test endured from April to June 2005. The results of monthly controls of milk quantity and protein and fat contents were entered into the Excel programme and processed with the statistical programme SPSS for Windows 12.0. When the concentrate B was fed, the milk quantity amounted to 21.99 L/day and was statistically significantly (P<0.05) greater than the milk quantity in case of feeding the concentrate A, when the milk quantity was 19.12 L/day. No statistically significant differences (P<0.05) of the protein and fat content in the milk were established.
Ključne besede: milking cows, concentrate, milk quantity, proteins, fats
Objavljeno v DKUM: 10.07.2017; Ogledov: 770; Prenosov: 102
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5. Aquaporin-based biomimetic polymeric membranesJoachim Habel, Michael R. Hansen, Søren Kynde, Nanna Larsen, Søren Roi Midtgaard, Grethe Vestergaard Jensen, Julie Bomholt, Anayo Ogbonna, Kristoffer Almdal, Alexander Schulz, Claus Hélix-Nielsen, 2015, pregledni znanstveni članek Opis: In recent years, aquaporin biomimetic membranes (ABMs) for water separation have gained considerable interest. Although the first ABMs are commercially available, there are still many challenges associated with further ABM development. Here, we discuss the interplay of the main components of ABMs: aquaporin proteins (AQPs), block copolymers for AQP reconstitution, and polymer-based supporting structures. First, we briefly cover challenges and review recent developments in understanding the interplay between AQP and block copolymers. Second, we review some experimental characterization methods for investigating AQP incorporation including freeze-fracture transmission electron microscopy, fluorescence correlation spectroscopy, stopped-flow light scattering, and small-angle X-ray scattering. Third, we focus on recent efforts in embedding reconstituted AQPs in membrane designs that are based on conventional thin film interfacial polymerization techniques. Finally, we describe some new developments in interfacial polymerization using polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane cages for increasing the physical and chemical durability of thin film composite membranes.
Ključne besede: aquaporins, biomimetic membranes, block copolymers, proteopolymersomes, polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes, polyamide layer, microfluidics, membrane proteins, protein-polymer-interactions
Objavljeno v DKUM: 21.06.2017; Ogledov: 1402; Prenosov: 129
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6. On the role of anisotropy of membrane constituents on the elastic properties of highly curved lipid membranesŠarka Perutkova, 2017, doktorska disertacija Opis: The primary objective of the thesis covers in the theoretical study the role of
anisotropic membrane components in the elasticity of highly curved biological
membranes. To show the importance of anisotropy, we focused on one
type of non-lamellar membrane self-assembly - the inverted hexagonal phase
and the membrane tubular protrusions with attached proteins. These two
structures represent excellent examples of highly curved structures in which
the anisotropy of molecules or small domains plays an important role. In
the first part of the thesis, we developed a theoretical model describing the
stability of the inverted hexagonal phase, which considers lipid anisotropy
and deviations from the circularity of the pivotal plane cross-section. We applied
a wedge-like model of phospholipid molecules, in which the phospholipid
molecule is described as a wedge, with the angle of the wedge increasing with
temperature. However, we also took into account the average orientation of
lipids by including the deviatoric bending energy contribution derived from
statistical physics. Theoretical predictions of our model showed that a crosssection
of the inverted hexagonal phase is an intermediate between a circle
and a hexagon, and that it has lower energy than the circular cross-section.
The results were in agreement with observations gathered by the small angle
X-ray scattering. By comparing our results with the experiments, we
predicted some values of the mean intrinsic curvature and the phospholipid
chain stiffness. In the second part of the thesis, we developed a theoretical
model, which describes the stabilisation of membrane nanotubes containing
attached anisotropic flexible rod-like proteins. We derived the free energy
of a vesicle with nanotube taking into account the rotational averaging of
the anisotropic attached proteins. We also added the entropy contribution
due to the non-homogeneous lateral distribution of proteins. Our theoretical
results showed that rod-like attached proteins and membrane domains
can stabilise the membrane tubular protrusions if we consider the protein/
domain anisotropy. Our results were also in agreement with experimental results
in which isotropic membrane constituents were found on the tips of the
nanotube or on the mother vesicle; however, the anisotropic membrane constituents
were detected along the nanotubes. Our results showed that rod-like
attached proteins and membrane domains can stabilise the membrane tubular
protrusions if we consider the protein/domain anisotropy. The anisotropy of membrane constituents can lower the membrane free energy in regions of high
curvature. The main aim of the thesis was to show that the anisotropy of
membrane constituents can lower the membrane free energy in regions of high
curvature and that the rotational averaging of anisotropic membrane components
should be considered in the evaluation of the membrane free energy at
highly curved membrane structures.
Ključne besede: Biomembranes, Lipid anisotropy, Inverted hexagonal phase, Rotational averaging, Rod-like proteins, Membrane nanotubes, Membrane
protein sorting
Objavljeno v DKUM: 25.05.2017; Ogledov: 1558; Prenosov: 90
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7. Morphological and physiological changes during adventitious root formation as affected by auxin metabolism : stimulatory effect of auxin containing seaweed extract treatmentAndreja Urbanek Krajnc, Maja Turinek, Anton Ivančič, 2013, izvirni znanstveni članek Ključne besede: adventitious root formation, auxin, carbohydrates, jasmonate, phenolics, proteins, seaweed extract
Objavljeno v DKUM: 21.12.2015; Ogledov: 1295; Prenosov: 41
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