1. IoT-based off-grid solar power supply : design, implementation, and case study of energy consumption control using forecasted solar irradiationMarijan Španer, Mitja Truntič, Darko Hercog, 2025, izvirni znanstveni članek Opis: This article presents the development and implementation of an IoT-enabled, off-grid solar power supply prototype designed to power a range of electrical devices. The developed system comprises a Photovoltaic panel, a Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) charger, a 2.5 kWh/24 V high-performance LiFePO4 battery bank with a Battery Management System, an embedded controller with IoT connectivity, and DC/DC and DC/AC converters. The PV panel serves as the primary energy source, with the MPPT controller optimizing battery charging, while the DC/DC and DC/AC converters supply power to the connected electrical devices. The article includes a case study of a developed platform for powering an information and advertising system. The system features a predictive energy management algorithm, which optimizes the appliance operation based on daily solar irradiance forecasts and real-time battery State-of-Charge monitoring. The IoT-enabled controller obtains solar irradiance forecasts from an online meteorological service via API calls and uses these data to estimate energy availability for the next day. Using this prediction, the system schedules and prioritizes the operations of connected electrical devices dynamically to optimize the performance and prevent critical battery discharge. The IoT-based controller is equipped with both Wi-Fi and an LTE modem, enabling communication with online services via wireless or cellular networks.
Ključne besede: energy consumption control, forecasted solar irradiation, power management, off-grid power supply, photovoltaic, solar, IoT, LTE, Wi-Fi, ESP32
Objavljeno v DKUM: 14.11.2025; Ogledov: 0; Prenosov: 6
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2. The integration of blockchain technology and internet of things in realising sustainable agro food supply chains : an insight into small to medium scale soya beans farmers in Mashonaland Central Province, ZimbabweJudith Moyo, Simba Mutsvangwa, Felix Chari, 2025, izvirni znanstveni članek Opis: The world population is projected to reach 9 billion by 2050, which is 34% higher than it is now and the demand for agricultural food is expected to increase as well. Research has shown that the demand for soya beans is on the increase owing to its contribution in cooking oil, stock feed and other by-products. On average, Zimbabwe’s soya bean national output production is only enough to meet 30% of national demand, which is supplemented by imports from South Africa, Zambia and Malawi. Constraints in information gathering, storage, safeguarding, and sharing, environmental changes and escalations in input prices has become a catch phrase for soya bean supply systems failure. This study’s objective is to explore strategies which can be adopted by soya bean small to medium scale farmers to realise sustainability in their supply chains and build food security in Mashonaland Central Province of Zimbabwe. This study therefore proposes the integration of Blockchain Technology (hereafter: BCT) and Internet of Things (hereafter: IoT) to improve sustainability in the soya bean supply chain systems in Zimbabwe. The researchers adopted a pragmatism research philosophy premised on the mixed methods research approach because quantitative data alone is not sufficient to answer the research questions. Quantitative data were analysed using STATA 15 and NVivo version 16 was used to analyse qualitative data. Using Krejcie and Morgan (1970) a sample size of 375 farmers was randomly selected to respond to questionnaires. Six (6) AGRITEX officers and two (2) Agronomists were purposefully selected from the six (6) districts of Mashonaland Central Province and were interviewed. Findings from the research showed that there is minimal uptake of Artificial Intelligence (hereafter: AI) technologies in soya bean supply chains in Mashonaland Central Province which has slowed the improvements in production and sustainability of agro-supply chains. The study recommends the integration of blockchain and IoT technologies to improve sustainability in soya bean production in Zimbabwe.
Ključne besede: block chain technologies, IoT technologies, agro food, supply chain
Objavljeno v DKUM: 28.10.2025; Ogledov: 0; Prenosov: 1
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3. Programirljivo precizno elektronsko breme manjših moči : magistrsko deloAnže Jančič, 2025, magistrsko delo Opis: V magistrskem delu smo načrtali, izdelali, sprogramirali ter testirali precizno elektronsko breme manjših moči ter visokega dinamičnega razpona za testiranje napajalnih sklopov IoT in podobnih naprav. Vezje deluje na principu napetostno-tokovne pretvorbe ter povratne vezave preko operacijskega ojačevalnika za natančno regulacijo toka. Ta je izvedena preko padca napetosti na merilnem uporu. Bremenski element je tranzistor MOSFET. Breme ima zaradi visokega dinamičnega območja, ki znaša 10⁶ tri kanale. Ključni elementi v vezju so MOSFET, operacijski ojačevalniki, digitalno analogni pretvorniki, mikrokrmilnik ter modul Bluetooth.
Ključne besede: breme, programirljivo, MOSFET, IOT, mikrokrmilnik
Objavljeno v DKUM: 17.10.2025; Ogledov: 0; Prenosov: 9
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4. Customer perception of technologies for new-generation web shops – preliminary study : XIV.Tamara Križnjak, Simona Sternad Zabukovšek, Samo Bobek, 2025, samostojni znanstveni sestavek ali poglavje v monografski publikaciji Opis: This paper investigates emerging technological trends in web commerce and examines user perceptions through a pilot survey. Key innovations include IoT, AI, ML, chatbots, social and voice commerce, as well as immersive technologies like AR and VR. These tools enhance personalization, automate services, and support better consumer decision-making. The pilot study, based on an online questionnaire, explores user behaviour, expectations, and attitudes toward these developments. Results show that while users are familiar with technologies like chatbots and personalization, awareness of AR and VR remains low. Concerns about security and data privacy significantly influence user trust. The findings highlight the need for seamless technological integration, increased user education, and transparent communication to build trust and improve the digital shopping experience.
Ključne besede: web commerce, e-commerce trends, internet of things (IoT), artificial intelligence (AI), machine learning (ML), chatbots, augmented reality (AR), virtual reality (VR), voice commerce, user perception, digital transformation, data privacy
Objavljeno v DKUM: 29.08.2025; Ogledov: 0; Prenosov: 7
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5. Avtomatizirano skeniranje brezžičnih iot omrežij in identificiranje iot naprav : diplomsko deloAnže Plazl, 2025, diplomsko delo Opis: Skeniranje brezžičnih omrežij, se je razvilo iz začetnega entuziastičnega kartiranja brezžičnih omrežij v kompleksno dejavnost z različnimi nameni in metodami. Z razmahom interneta stvari je ta pristop dobil nov pomen, saj se pojavlja potreba po odkrivanju in kartiranju vedno večjega števila brezžičnih naprav. V diplomskem delu smo razvili namensko mobilno rešitev za zajem in analizo ZigBee naprav, ki so pogosto prisotne v IoT infrastrukturi. Sistem temelji na prilagojeni strojni opremi, ki združuje prenosljivost, energetsko učinkovitost in zmožnost zaznavanja ZigBee signala na terenu. Delovanje sistema smo preizkusili v realnem okolju, kjer smo preverili njegovo zanesljivost pri zaznavanju ZigBee naprav ter kakovost zajetih podatkov. V delu tako predstavljamo prispevek k razvoju orodij za varnostno analizo IoT okolij ter ponuja osnovo za nadaljnji razvoj rešitev za terensko zaznavanje brezžičnih naprav.
Ključne besede: ZigBee omrežje, brezžična omrežja, IoT naprave, zaznavanje naprav, kartiranje omrežij
Objavljeno v DKUM: 13.08.2025; Ogledov: 0; Prenosov: 26
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6. Razvoj glasovalnega sistema s tehnologijo interneta stvariMatic Magdalenc, 2025, magistrsko delo Opis: Namen naloge je bil razviti glasovalni sistem, ki temelji na tehnologiji interneta stvari (IoT) za varnejše, preglednejše in učinkovitejše glasovanje. Zasnovan sistem omogoča glasovanje preko brezžičnih naprav ESP32, ki so povezane na centralni strežnik prek protokola MQTT. Naloga vključuje zasnovo in razvoj glasovalnih enot in strežnika, ki zagotavlja varno zbiranje glasov ter hitro obdelavo podatkov. Ključna prednost razvitega sistema je zmožnost takojšnjega shranjevanja in prikazovanja rezultatov, s čimer se omogoča hitra in transparentna analiza glasovanj.
Sistem vključuje razvoj programske opreme za ESP32, strežnik z administrativnim spletnim vmesnikom in bazo podatkov SQLite. Glavne prednosti tega sistema so visoka varnost, prilagodljivost in enostavna uporaba. Priporočila za nadaljnji razvoj vključujejo nadgradnjo sistema z možnostjo glasovanja na mobilnih napravah in izboljšanje varnosti z naprednimi tehnologijami, kot je blockchain. Sistem predstavlja pomemben korak v digitalizaciji glasovalnih procesov in ima potencial za široko uporabo v glasovalnih okoljih.
Ključne besede: internet stvari, IoT, ESP32, glasovanje, pametno, volitve
Objavljeno v DKUM: 24.04.2025; Ogledov: 0; Prenosov: 30
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7. Kako s konceptom pametnega mesta izboljšati kvaliteto življenja v mestu Banja Luka : diplomsko deloJovana Jeličić, 2024, diplomsko delo Opis: Diplomsko delo se osredotoča na koncept pametnega mesta in njegovo potencialno vlogo pri izboljšanju kakovosti življenja v Banja Luki. Pametna mesta so urbanistični koncepti, ki izkoriščajo informacijsko-tehnološke inovacije za optimizacijo javnih storitev, prometa, okolja in infrastrukture, kar vodi k učinkovitejšemu, trajnostnemu in prijaznejšemu mestnemu okolju za prebivalce.
V raziskovalnem delu se analizira, kako bi vpeljava koncepta pametnega mesta lahko reševala ključne izzive Banja Luke, kot so prometna preobremenjenost, onesnaženje okolja, učinkovita poraba energije in javnih virov ter krepitev gospodarskega razvoja. Cilj raziskave je predlagati konkretne ukrepe in strategije za implementacijo koncepta pametnega mesta v Banja Luki.
Rezultati raziskovalnega dela ponujajo vpogled v potencialne koristi in izzive vpeljave pametnih rešitev v Banja Luki ter nudijo smernice za nadaljnje ukrepanje v smeri izboljšanja kakovosti življenja in razvoja mesta.
Ključne besede: pametno mesto, pametna mesta in prihodnost, pametna mesta in trajnost, trajnostna mesta, IoT in pametno mesto
Objavljeno v DKUM: 27.11.2024; Ogledov: 0; Prenosov: 38
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8. Nadgradnja ogrevalnega sistema z internetom stvariBranko Zebec, 2024, magistrsko delo Opis: Magistrsko delo vsebuje analizo in razvoj prototipa za nadgradnjo ogrevalnega sistema, pri katerem smo sledili dvema ciljema: povezati ogrevalni sistem v internetno omrežje s pomočjo tehnologije interneta stvari in optimizirati ogrevalni sistema. Za dosego ciljev smo raziskali vse potrebne tehnologije, programska orodja in strojno opremo. Pri implementaciji smo uporabili programsko platformo Home Assistant, s katero smo razvili glavni krmilnik na strojni opremi Raspberry Pi 4. V okviru platforme Home Assistant smo integrirali dodatna programska orodja: Cloudflare za vzpostavitev varne povezave na oblačni strežnik in s tem ustvarjanje varnega tunela do glavnega krmilnika, Node-RED, s katerim smo razvili programsko kodo za povezavo z napravami Modbus in optimizacijo sistema vključno s PID krmilnikom, InfluxDB za bazo podatkov vseh spremenljivk našega ogrevalnega sistema, Grafano za vizualizacijo podatkov iz baze, Google SDK za integracijo Googlovega pomočnika na Home Assistant. Na krmilnik smo povezali naprave prek protokola Modbus TCP/IP (angl. Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol): Daikin krmilnik za dostop do toplotne črpalke Daikin Altherma HT, Siemens sobni termostat. Za spremljanje porabe električne energije smo razvili merilnik porabe na modulu ESP32, ki smo ga povezali na kontakte S0 analognega števca. Programsko kodo C++ smo povzeli in prilagodili ter povezali prek protokola MQTT na Home Assistant. Razvili smo tudi simulacijski model, s pomočjo katerega smo preverjali nastavitve PID krmilnika. S statistično analizo smo preverili, ali so podatki po optimizaciji sistema resnično potrdili pričakovane rezultate glede zmanjšanja porabe električne energije, manjšega vtoka ogrevalne vode ter sprememb sobne temperature. Prototip smo preverjali v celotnem ogrevalnem obdobju, le-ta je deloval zanesljivo brez izpadov. Za oddaljeni dostop smo uporabljali Home Assistant pomočnika in Googlovega pomočnika. Optimizacija ogrevalnega sistema se je izkazala za zelo uspešno, kar smo potrdili z meritvami spremenljivk, predvsem porabe električne energije. Ugotovili smo, da se v prehodnem obdobju ogrevanja poraba znatno zmanjša. Na podlagi tega smo prepričani, da bomo na dolgi rok podaljšali življenjsko dobo toplotne črpalke ter prispevali k trajnostni naravnanosti našega sistema ogrevanja.
Ključne besede: internet stvari (IoT), pametni dom, ogrevanje, Home Assistant, Node-RED, PID.
Objavljeno v DKUM: 22.11.2024; Ogledov: 0; Prenosov: 63
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9. Active BIM system for optimized multi-project ready-mix-concrete deliveryHana Begić, Mario Galić, Uroš Klanšek, 2024, izvirni znanstveni članek Opis: Purpose – Ready-mix concrete delivery problem (RMCDP), a specific version of the vehicle routing problem (VRP), is a relevant supply-chain engineering task for construction management with various formulations and solving methods. This problem can range from a simple scenario involving one source, one material and one destination to a more challenging and complex case involving multiple sources, multiple materials and multiple destinations. This paper presents an Internet of Things (IoT)-supported active building information modeling (BIM) system for optimized multi-project ready-mix concrete (RMC) delivery. Design/methodology/approach – The presented system is BIM-based, IoT supported, dynamic and automatic input/output exchange to provide an optimal delivery program for multi-project ready-mix-concrete problem. The input parameters are extracted as real-time map-supported IoT data and transferred to the system via an application programming interface (API) into a mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) optimization model developed to perform the optimization. The obtained optimization results are further integrated into BIM by conventional project management tools. To demonstrate the features of the suggested system, an RMCDP example was applied to solve that included four building sites, seven eligible concrete plants and three necessary RMC mixtures. Findings – The system provides the optimum delivery schedule for multiple RMCs to multiple construction sites, as well as the optimum RMC quantities to be delivered, the quantities from each concrete plant that must be supplied, the best delivery routes, the optimum execution times for each construction site, and the total minimal costs, while also assuring the dynamic transfer of the optimized results back into the portfolio of multiple BIM projects. The system can generate as many solutions as needed by updating the real-time input parameters in terms of change of the routes, unit prices and availability of concrete plants. Originality/value – The suggested system allows dynamic adjustments during the optimization process, andis adaptable to changes in input data also considering the real-time input data. The system is based on spreadsheets, which are widely used and common tool that most stakeholders already utilize daily, while also providing the possibility to apply a more specialized tool. Based on this, the RMCDP can be solved using both conventional and advanced optimization software, enabling the system to handle even large-scale tasks as necessary.
Ključne besede: active building information modeling, BIM, internet of things, IoT, multi-project environment, optimization, ready-mix-concrete delivery, RMC
Objavljeno v DKUM: 11.09.2024; Ogledov: 32; Prenosov: 17
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10. Design and Implementation of ESP32-Based IoT DevicesDarko Hercog, Tone Lerher, Mitja Truntič, Oto Težak, 2023, izvirni znanstveni članek Opis: The Internet of Things (IoT) has become a transformative technology with great potential in various sectors, including home automation, industrial control, environmental monitoring, agriculture, wearables, health monitoring, and others. The growing presence of IoT devices stimulates schools and academic institutions to integrate IoT into the educational process, since IoT skills are in demand in the labor market. This paper presents educational IoT tools and technologies that simplify the design, implementation, and testing of IoT applications. The article presents the introductory IoT course that students perform initially and then presents some of the projects that they develop and implement on their own later in the project.
Ključne besede: ESP32, Arduino, IoT, education, analog discovery
Objavljeno v DKUM: 02.04.2024; Ogledov: 360; Prenosov: 392
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