1. Optimizacija Chaboche materialnih parametrov z genetskim algoritmom : magistrsko deloNejc Dvoršek, 2022, magistrsko delo Opis: The basis of this thesis is research and development of a genetic algorithm for material parameters optimization. It is written in collaboration with AVL, which already has a solution for this problem, but is looking into better alternatives. Chaboche material model is a nonlinear isotropic and kinematic hardening model which can describe elasto-viscoplastic constitutive relations. Parameters of such complex nature do not have a physical interpretation in the real-world and must be defined with inverse analysis. Genetic algorithms (GA) are a promising tool to help with such tasks. They have been widely used and recognized for various optimization problems. Material data available are low cycle fatigue (LCF), creep, and tensile experiments. For each experiment a corresponding finite element model in Abaqus is prepared. Comparing experimental and simulation data is the objective function GA will try to minimize. For this reason, a corresponding fitness function was developed to score each individual. It makes use of similarity measure algorithm proposed in this paper [10]. GA was implemented in Python with Pygad library. Instead of bits, genes are represented with real-valued numbers with defined limits. Performance of developed GA was tested based on various population sizes, mutation probabilities, and crossover operators. The main parameter that impacts algorithms performance is population size. Paired with right mutation probability the algorithm can find a global minimum of described optimization problem. Making it a viable alternative to existing approach used at AVL.
Ključne besede: Chaboche material model, parameter optimization, genetic algorithm, finite element method
Objavljeno v DKUM: 16.12.2022; Ogledov: 252; Prenosov: 0
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2. Comparison and implementation of thermo-mechanical fatigue damage models : magistrsko deloJure Vinkovič, 2021, magistrsko delo Opis: The basis of the master thesis is an in-depth and comprehensive analysis of the scientific literature on damage models of thermo-mechanical fatigue. The aim of the thesis is to investigate and determine the suitability of damage models for their application in numerical simulations of components subjected to thermo-mechanical loading with in-phase, out-of-phase or constant temperature cycles. The theoretical background of material behavior under static and dynamic loads (e.g. low-cycle fatigue, high-cycle fatigue) is presented. The work also includes an overview of damage mechanisms typical of time-temperature varying loading conditions (e.g. cyclic softening and hardening of the material, mean stress relaxation, material creep, visco-plasticity, etc.). This is followed by a structured review of several damage models of thermo-mechanical fatigue (e.g. Neu-Sehitoglu, DTMF, Coffin-Manson, Ostergren, Smith-Watson-Topper, Unified Energy Approach, etc.). An overview of the experimental tests on aluminum alloy and cast iron carried out at temperatures up to 800 °C is given. The idea of processing the raw experimental data including the calibration procedure of the thermo-mechanical fatigue damage models is schematically illustrated and described. The basic mathematical laws of constitutive material models for both material types are given. In the conclusion of the MSc thesis, the correlations of the calibrated damage models are presented, which, together with the constructive opinions, give an important message on the application of the individual damage models depending on the type of material and the loading method.
Ključne besede: thermo-mechanical fatigue, constitutive material model, damage model, aluminum alloy, cast iron alloy, finite element method
Objavljeno v DKUM: 03.01.2022; Ogledov: 509; Prenosov: 0 |
3. Comparison of different stator topologies for BLDC drives : master's thesisMitja Garmut, 2020, magistrsko delo Opis: The focus of this Master's thesis was to increase the output-power density of a fractional-horsepower BLDC drive. Different stator segmentation topologies were analyzed and evaluated for this purpose. The presented analysis was performed by using various models with different complexity levels, where a Magnetic Equivalent Circuit (MEC) model and a 2D transient Finite Element Method (FEM) model combined with a power-loss model, were applied systematically. Characteristic behavior of the BLDC drive was obtained in this way. The models were validated with measurement results obtained on an experimental test drive system. The influence of the weakening of the magnetic flux density and flux linkage, due to segmentation were analyzed based on the validated models. Furthermore, the increase of the thermal-stable output power and efficiency was rated, due to the consequently higher slot fill factor. Lastly, a detailed iron-loss analysis was performed for different stator topologies. The performed analysis showed that segmentation of the stator can enable a significant increase of the output power of the discussed BLDC drives, where the positive effects of segmentation outweigh the negative ones from the electromagnetic point of view. Segmentation, however, also impacts other domains, such as Mechanical and Thermal, which was out of the scope of this thesis, and will be performed in the future.
Ključne besede: fractional-horsepower BLDC drive, stator segmentation, fill factor increase, thermal-stable output power, Finite Element Method model
Objavljeno v DKUM: 17.11.2020; Ogledov: 730; Prenosov: 0
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4. Experimental and numerical studies of T-shaped footingsNihat Kaya, Murat Ornek, 2013, izvirni znanstveni članek Opis: In addition to vertical axial loads, the footings of structures are often subjected to eccentric loads caused by the forces of earth pressures, earthquakes, water, wind, etc. Due to eccentric loading, the two edges settle by different amounts, causing the footing to tilt and then the pressure below the footing does not remain uniform. The T-shape is proposed as a footing shape for improving the bearing capacity of shallow footings against the action of eccentric loads. The vertical insertion of the rigid T-shaped footing, into the bearing soil, provides considerable resistance, against both of sliding and overturning, enough to regain the reduction in bearing capacity and increase in settlement. In this study, a series of experimental and numerical results from the ultimate loads and settlement of T-shaped footings are reported. A total of 48 model tests were conducted for investigating the effects of different parameters, such as the problem geometry and soil density. The problem geometry was represented by two parameters, the load eccentricity (e) and the insertion depth (H) of the T-shape into the loose and dense sand soil. After the experimental stage, the numerical analyses were carried out using a plane strain, two-dimensional, finite-element-based computer program. The behaviour of the T-shape footing on sand beds is represented by the hardening soil model. The results of the experimental and numerical studies proved that the ultimate bearing capacity of a footing under eccentric loads could be improved by inserting a vertical central cut-off rigidly connected to the footing bottom. The load settlement curves indicate that the higher load eccentricity results in a decrease in the bearing capacity of the strip footing. It was also proved that the ultimate bearing capacity values can, depending on the soil density, be improved by up to four times that of the loose sand case. This investigation is considered to have provided a useful basis for further research, leading to an increased understanding of the T-shaped footing design.
Ključne besede: model test, finite-element method, T-shaped footing, eccentric loading, sand
Objavljeno v DKUM: 14.06.2018; Ogledov: 862; Prenosov: 51
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5. New finite element for transversely cracked slender beams subjected to transverse loadsMatjaž Skrinar, Tomaž Pliberšek, 2007, izvirni znanstveni članek Opis: The paper covers the derivation of a new finite element for beams with transverse cracks. The derivation is based on a simplified computational model that has already proved itself suitable for the inverse identification of cracks. The model embodies all the necessary major information about the structure's response from the inverse identification point of view, where the presence and location and, if possible, the depth of the crack should be detected from the measured response, usually dynamic. In such situations the stress distributions obtained from 2D finite elements analysis are not as important as the computational model being capable of reliably describing the displacement of the structure. However, from numerical studies it also became evident that the relevance of the model decreases with element thickness. This indicated that shear forces should be included in the analysis process. Therefore, derivation of a new finite element with the inclusion of shear forces effect has been executed. The stiffness matrix for transversely cracked slender beams, as well as the derivation of interpolation functions is presented and all expressions are given in symbolic forms. The example shows that, although with significantly less computational effort than with 2D FE meshes, significant improvement in transverse displacements can be obtained with the presented beam finite element.
Ključne besede: beams, transverse cracks, computational model, finite element method, transverse displacements
Objavljeno v DKUM: 01.06.2012; Ogledov: 1936; Prenosov: 105
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6. On the application of a simple computational model for slender transversely cracked beams in buckling problemsMatjaž Skrinar, 2007, izvirni znanstveni članek Opis: This paper discusses the implementation of a simplified computational model that is widely used for the computation of transverse displacements in transversely cracked slender beams into the Euler's elastic flexural buckling theory. Two alternatives are studied instead of solving the corresponding differential equations to obtain exact analytical expressions for the buckling load ▫$P_{cr}$▫ due to the complexity of this approach. The first approach implements wisely selected polynomials to describe the behavior of the structure, which allows the derivation of approximate expressions for the critical buckling load. Although the relevance of the results strongly depends on the proper prime selection of the polynomial, it is shown that the later upgrading of the polynomials can lead to even more reliable results. The second approach is a purely numerical approach and presents the geometrical stiffness matrix for a beam finite element with a transverse crack. To support the discussed approaches, numerical examples covering several structures with different boundary conditions are briefly presented. The results obtained with the presented approaches are further compared with the values from enormous 2D finite elements models, where a detailed description of the crack was achieved with the discrete approach. It is evident that the drastic difference in the computational effort is not reflected in the significant differences in the results between the models.
Ključne besede: columns, transverse cracks, stability problems, buckling load, computational model, polynomial solutions, finite element method, geometrical stiffness matrix
Objavljeno v DKUM: 01.06.2012; Ogledov: 1834; Prenosov: 90
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7. On critical buckling load estimation for slender transversely cracked beam-columns by the application of a simple computational modelMatjaž Skrinar, 2008, izvirni znanstveni članek Opis: This paper brings new insights into the implementation of a simplified computational model in the prediction of buckling load Pcr for slender beam-type structures with a transverse crack. From among several approaches discussed, two of them produced applicable results exhibiting considerably good agreement with those values from more precise and complex computational models. In the first approach, the critical load value is obtained from numerical solutions of analytically expressed characteristic equations (obtained from governing differential equations). Although producing excellent results, this approach limits the application since an analytical solution of the governing differential equation can only be obtained for moderate structures. The second approach implements a new cracked beam-columnfinite element, derived at on the basis of a fairly accurate approximation of the governing differential equation's solution. It allows for flexible utilization and also yields the smallest compact computational model, thus exhibiting itself as very suitable for inverse identification problems. Numerical examples covering several structures with different boundary conditions are briefly presented in order to support the discussed approaches. The results obtained using the presented approaches are further compared with those values from either references or more complex models, thus clearly proving the quality of the presented compact FE model.
Ključne besede: beam columns, transverse cracks, stability problems, buckling load, computational model, finite element method
Objavljeno v DKUM: 31.05.2012; Ogledov: 2212; Prenosov: 99
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