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Opis: The phenomenon of urban blight dates back to the 19th century when industrialisation starting in Europe and North America initiated an uncontrolled urban growth in combination with strong demand in cheap an quickly constructed housing. Ghettoisation of mainly the working-class population and other “marginal groups” were the consequence together with a constant decay of single buildings, whole blocks and quarters. These general aspects of urban blight with its additional facettes or aspects residential, commercial, industrial, physical, functional and social blight can be presupposed and will not be topic of this paper. Nevertheless urban blight is by no means a topic of the past, it still today challenges apart from geographers a remarkable number of other disciplines (urban and landscape planners and designers, economists, sociologists, medical sciences, etc., not to forget politicians, the media, and last but not least the city dwellers themselves). While urban blight, urban decay, - decline, or - crisis originally seemed to be a problem of the big cities and metropolises it meanwhile also affects the small towns and centers. By the example of two Styrian small towns, Murau and Eisenerz, both counting less than 5.000 inhabitants each some of the many reasons for their being confronted with symptoms of urban blight will be addressed together with the up to now largely unsolved question which possible counter strategies could be successfully applied. One namely “urban redesign” has been chosen from a number of others mainly because it has been selected by the city of Eisenerz as a strategy against urban blight and to fight the dramatic population losses of 7867 citizens between 1951 (pop.: 12948) and 2010 (pop.: 5087). The crucial questions for the future to be discussed facing the present world wide monetary crisis will be: 1. Will there be enough money to finance the necessary rescue measures? 2. Who pays and bears the risks of a failure? 3. Is it worth while and justified to invest huge amounts of public money into a seemingly bottomless barrel or 4. borrowing an idea from the human hospice-movement: would it not be wiser, more human, and cost-efficient to spend much less money for those measures only that are needed to guarantee a patient (city) with little or uncertain perspectives for the future a survival in dignity. Knowing that the hospice movement was severely questioned in its initial phase although today it is widely accepted and respected the transformation of this idea into the urban sphere as one means to discuss the problem of urban decay and urban blight seems justified.
Ključne besede: urban blight, urban redesign, Kleinstadt, Leerstände, Rückbau, Reformpartnerschaft
Objavljeno v DKUM: 10.04.2018; Ogledov: 1455; Prenosov: 69
Celotno besedilo (262,17 KB)
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Opis: Medobčinsko sodelovanje na primeru zveze občin na območju Voitsberga (zahodna Štajerska) Pojav aglomeracij majhnih mest, kakršna je na območju Voitsberga na zahodnem Štajerskem v Avstriji, so nov izziv za načrtovalce regionalne politike. Urbani, socialni in liberalni trendi gospodarskega razvoja so vzrok številnim problemom na lokalni ravni, ki jih občine same ne morejo reševati. Zato se povezujejo v interesne skupnosti, ena od takšnih je prikazana v prispevku. Tvori jo pet manjših občin. Dodatni problem predstavlja tudi zadovoljevanje togih Maastrichtskih kriterijev, zaradi katerih so zmanjšujejo občinski prihodki in povečujejo izdatki. Vse to, ob potrebi po zagotavljanju novih delovnih mest, izboljšanju in modernizaciji komunalnih storitev ter zagotavljanju preživetja občin ob vedno večji tekmovalnosti, je prepričalo občinske oblasti, da je sodelovanje s sosednjimi občinami, ki imajo podobne probleme, najboljši način za iskanje optimalnih rešitev. Zveza občin tako poskuša reševati probleme s sodelovanjem na prostovoljni osnovi. Avtor poudarja, da je medobčinsko sodelovanje v območjih zgoščene urbane poselitve nujno ter zahteva nove prijeme v upravljanju.
Ključne besede: urbana geografija, urbana naselja, omrežja naselij, mala mesta, urbani razvoj, občine, sodelovanje, Avstrija, Štajerska
Objavljeno v DKUM: 02.03.2018; Ogledov: 1601; Prenosov: 110
Celotno besedilo (885,90 KB)
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