1. Acceptance and feasibility of virtual reality for teaching adult basic life support in older populationsAna Belen Ocampo Cervantes, Carmen Amalia Lopez Lopez, Robert Greif, Federico Semeraro, Manuel Pardo Rios, Nino Fijačko, 2025, izvirni znanstveni članek Opis: Abstract Background Virtual reality (VR) is emerging in adult Basic Life Support (BLS) training, but its acceptance among older adults has not been fully studied. This study aimed to develop expert-informed BLS content for both VR and laptop formats, and to evaluate the feasibility, usability, knowledge acquisition, satisfaction, and cybersickness of these platforms among older adult learners. Methods A two-phase mixed-methods study was conducted. Five experts co-developed and validated a VR/laptop-compatible adult BLS scenario based on the 2021 European Resuscitation Council guidelines. This scenario was then tested by older adults who voluntarily participated in either VR- or laptop-based training at a public technology event in Spain. Post-training, we measured knowledge acquisition, usability, satisfaction, user experience, and cybersickness. Comparative statistics and regression analyses were performed to evaluate learning outcomes and predictors. Results Five experts developed a consensus-based adult BLS decision tree with 10 scenes and six questions. A total of 583 adults (mean age 72.3 ± 4.8 years) took part in the BLS training evaluation. Those in the VR group (n = 415) outperformed those in the laptop group (n = 168) in key steps, including initiating CPR (58 % vs 41 %, p < 0.001) and using an AED (49 % vs 23 %, p < 0.001). VR participants rated usability of VR-training as excellent (73.8 ± 4.2), expressed high satisfaction and realism. Cybersickness was low (13.1 %). VR training predicted higher knowledge scores (β = 5.8, p < 0.001), and increased scores by 5.8 points over laptop training. VR participants were 2.3 times more likely to answer BLS questions correctly (OR = 2.3, 95 % CI: 1.6–3.2, p < 0.001) Conclusion VR could improve adult BLS knowledge in older adults, with high levels of acceptance and positive user experience. Future work should enhance accessibility and reduce discomfort.
Ključne besede: Older adults, Training methods, Virtual reality, Cardiopulmonary resuscitation, Basic Life Support, Knowledge, Usability
Objavljeno v DKUM: 29.10.2025; Ogledov: 0; Prenosov: 4
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2. Leg-foot chest compressions: a scoping reviewNino Fijačko, Kristina McShea, Eva Dolenc Šparovec, Špela Metličar, Tomaž Horvat, Vinay M. Nadkarni, Robert Greif, 2025, pregledni znanstveni članek Ključne besede: Cardiopulmonary resuscitation, Chest compressions, Leg-foot, Heel of the foot, Ball of the foot
Objavljeno v DKUM: 27.10.2025; Ogledov: 0; Prenosov: 4
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3. International facets of the `chain of survival` for out-of-hospital and in-hospital cardiac arrest : a scoping reviewSebastian Schnaubelt, Koenraad G. Monsieurs, Nino Fijačko, Christoph Veigl, Zehra Al-Hilali, Huba Atiq, Blair L. Bigham, Kathryn Eastwood, Ying-Chih Ko, Tasuku Matsuyama, Justine Athieno Odakha, Alexander Olaussen, Robert Greif, 2024, pregledni znanstveni članek Ključne besede: chain of survival, chainmail of survival, out-of-hospital cardiac arrest, OHCA, cardiopulmonary resuscitation, CPR, scoping review
Objavljeno v DKUM: 19.09.2025; Ogledov: 0; Prenosov: 1
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4. Use of augmented and virtual reality in resuscitation training : a systematic reviewAdam Cheng, Nino Fijačko, Andrew Lockey, Robert Greif, Cristian Abelairas-Gómez, Lucija Gosak, Yiqun Lin, 2024, pregledni znanstveni članek Ključne besede: resuscitation, immersive technology, virtual reality, augmented reality, training, life support
Objavljeno v DKUM: 17.09.2025; Ogledov: 0; Prenosov: 4
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5. Rethinking realities: a call for accurate terminology in eXtended reality studiesNino Fijačko, Gregor Štiglic, Christina Gsaxner, Todd P. Chang, Robert Greif, 2024, drugi znanstveni članki Ključne besede: resuscitation education, virtual technology, XR terminology, new terminologies, reality studies
Objavljeno v DKUM: 15.09.2025; Ogledov: 0; Prenosov: 2
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8. Artificial intelligence in resuscitation: a scoping reviewDrieda Zace, Federico Semeraro, Sebastian Schnaubelt, Jonathan Montomoli, Giuseppe Ristagno, Nino Fijačko, Lorenzo Gamberini, Elena G. Bignami, Robert Greif, Koenraad G. Monsieurs, Andrea Scapigliati, 2025, pregledni znanstveni članek Opis: Background
Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly applied in medicine, with growing interest in its potential to improve outcomes in cardiac arrest (CA). However, the scope and characteristics of current AI applications in resuscitation remain unclear.
Methods
This scoping review aims to map the existing literature on AI applications in CA and resuscitation and identify research gaps for further investigation. PRISMA-ScR framework and ILCOR guidelines were followed. A systematic literature search across PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane identified AI applications in resuscitation. Articles were screened and classified by AI methodology, study design, outcomes, and implementation settings. AI-assisted data extraction was manually validated for accuracy.
Results
Out of 4046 records, 197 studies met inclusion criteria. Most were retrospective (90%), with only 16 prospective studies and 2 randomised controlled trials. AI was predominantly applied in prediction of CA, rhythm classification, and post-resuscitation outcome prognostication. Machine learning was the most commonly used method (50% of studies), followed by deep learning and, less frequently, natural language processing. Reported performance was generally high, with AUROC values often exceeding 0.85; however, external validation was rare and real-world implementation limited.
Conclusions
While AI applications in resuscitation demonstrate encouraging performance in prediction and decision support tasks, clear evidence of improved patient outcomes or routine clinical use remains limited. Future research should focus on prospective validation, equity in data sources, explainability, and seamless integration of AI tools into clinical workflows.
Ključne besede: Cardiac arrest, Resuscitation, Artificial intelligence, Machine learning, Deep learning, Large language model, Scoping review
Objavljeno v DKUM: 22.07.2025; Ogledov: 0; Prenosov: 3
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9. The use of social media platforms in adult basic life support research: a scoping reviewNino Fijačko, Sebastian Schnaubelt, Giuseppe Stirparo, Elena Maria Ticozzi, Giuseppe Ristagno, Federico Semeraro, Robert Greif, 2025, pregledni znanstveni članek Opis: Background
Social media (SoMe) is expanding globally, with increasing adoption in research, including resuscitation science. Its widespread reach and growing influence make it a valuable tool for research and knowledge dissemination. We aimed to assess the utilization of SoMe, highlight its applications, and identify future research areas, specifically in data collection and analysis, education and training, and professional networking and collaboration.
Methods
Embase, Scopus, and PubMed were searched through October 30th, 2024. Titles and abstracts were screened, and duplicates removed. The PCC (Population, Concept, and Context) framework defined the population as SoMe users, the concept as adult BLS-related content, and the context as SoMe platforms used for data analysis, data collection, teaching, campaigns, communication, and sharing, excluding traditional media.
Results
The search yielded 5,427 articles, with 201 undergoing full-text review and 42 included. Most studies were from high-income countries (19/42; 45%) and had a cross-sectional design (16/42; 36%). SoMe was primarily used for data analysis (17/42; 41%) and data collection (16/42; 36%). YouTube and X were the frequently applied SoMe platforms (12 studies each; 29%), while Instagram and WhatsApp supported diverse applications. In contrast, Snapchat and TikTok were used less frequently and for narrower purposes.
Conclusions
Existing studies focus on data collection and analysis, mainly via YouTube and X, but inconsistencies in design and geography call for standardized reporting to enhance comparability and impact. Future studies could standardize reporting on SoMe applications in adult BLS using established frameworks to ensure comparability and effectiveness.
Ključne besede: Social media, Platforms, Adult basic life support, Application
Objavljeno v DKUM: 21.07.2025; Ogledov: 0; Prenosov: 3
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10. Resuscitation education science meets virtual and augmented reality: evolution from potential concept to recommendationsNino Fijačko, Manuel Pardo Rios, Federico Semeraro, Vinay Nadkarni, Robert Greif, 2025, drugi znanstveni članki Ključne besede: extended reality, virtual reality, augmented reality, adult basic life support, review
Objavljeno v DKUM: 21.07.2025; Ogledov: 0; Prenosov: 1
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