Iskanje po katalogu digitalne knjižnice

Opis: The skin is the largest organ in the human body and is colonized by a diverse microbiota that works in harmony to protect the skin. However, when skin damage occurs, the skin microbiota is also disrupted, and pathogens can invade the wound and cause infection. Probiotics or other beneficial microbes and their metabolites are one possible alternative treatment for combating skin pathogens via their antimicrobial effectiveness. The objective of our study was to evaluate the antimicrobial effect of seven multi-strain dietary supplements and eleven single-strain microbes that contain probiotics against 15 clinical wound pathogens using the agar spot assay, co-culturing assay, and agar well diffusion assay. We also conducted genera-specific and species-specific molecular methods to detect the DNA in the dietary supplements and single-strain beneficial microbes. We found that the multi-strain dietary supplements exhibited a statistically significant higher antagonistic effect against the challenge wound pathogens than the single-strain microbes and that lactobacilli-containing dietary supplements and single-strain microbes were significantly more efficient than the selected propionibacteria and bacilli. Differences in results between methods were also observed, possibly due to different mechanisms of action. Individual pathogens were susceptible to different dietary supplements or single-strain microbes. Perhaps an individual approach such as a ‘probiogram’ could be a possibility in the future as a method to find the most efficient targeted probiotic strains, cell-free supernatants, or neutralized cell-free supernatants that have the highest antagonistic effect against individual clinical wound pathogens.
Ključne besede: probiotics, beneficial microbes, wound pathogens, skin pathogens, agar spot, co-culturing, agar well diffusion, molecular methods, PCR
Objavljeno v DKUM: 23.10.2025; Ogledov: 0; Prenosov: 2
Celotno besedilo (3,21 MB)

Opis: Uvod: Zmanjšanje soli v prehrani je že vrsto let glavni nefarmakološki ukrep za obvladovanje srčnega popuščanja. Čeprav njegova učinkovitost ni dokazana, se to prepričanje še vedno uporablja v smernicah klinične prakse. Namen zaključnega dela je raziskati, kako zmanjšanje soli v prehrani vpliva na pacienta s srčnim popuščanjem. Metode: V zaključnem delu smo s pomočjo pregleda literature ugotavljali vpliv zmanjšanja soli oz. natrija pri srčnem popuščanju. Pregledali, analizirali in sintetizirali smo znanstveno literaturo, ki smo jo iskali v mednarodnih bazah podatkov: PubMed, ScienceDirect in Cochrane Library, s pomočjo iskalnega niza, ki se je glasil: ("salt reduction" OR "salt restriction" OR "reducing salt" OR "low sodium diet") AND (eating OR diet OR feeding) AND ("heart failure" OR "congestive heart failure") AND (adults OR patient). Uporabili smo deskriptivno metodo dela. S pomočjo diagrama PRISMA smo prikazali potek pregleda raziskav. Opravili smo narativno sintezo vsebine. Rezultati: V končno analizo smo vključili 6 raziskav. Ugotovili smo, da v večini primerov zmanjšanje ali omejitev soli ali natrija povzroči pogostejše hospitalizacije in umrljivost kot zmeren vnos. Po drugi strani pa lahko zmanjšan vnos soli ugodno vpliva na simptome srčnega popuščanja, izboljša laboratorijske izvide (NT-proBNP), koristi pri klasifikaciji NYHA in izboljša kakovost življenja. Razprava in zaključek: Pomemben je individualno prilagojen pristop k pacientu s celovito holistično obravnavo, da se lahko določi raven vnosa soli. Zdrav življenjski slog in ozaveščanje o srčnem popuščanju pomembno vplivata na razbremenitev zdravstvenega sistema in zmanjšujeta stroške zdravljenja.
Ključne besede: zmanjšanje soli, natrij, prehrana, srčno popuščanje
Objavljeno v DKUM: 21.08.2025; Ogledov: 0; Prenosov: 20
Celotno besedilo (880,03 KB)

Opis: Background and Objectives: Resuscitation is one of the most stressful tasks in emergency medicine. The participation of nurses in this procedure can have specific effects on them. In this research, we wanted to find out what these effects are. Materials and Methods: A qualitative approach by conducting semi-structured interviews was used, and a thematic data analysis of the recorded interviews was carried out. The collected data were transcribed verbatim, with no corrections to the audio recordings. The computer program ATLAS.ti 22 was used for the qualitative data analysis. Results: Eleven male registered nurses were interviewed, with an average of 18.5 years of experience working in a prehospital environment (max. 32/min. 9). A total of 404 min of recordings were analyzed, and 789 codes were found, which were combined into 36 patterns and 11 themes. As the most stressful situations, the interviewees pointed out the resuscitation of a child, familiar persons, conflicts with the environment, conflicts within the resuscitation team, nonfunctioning or insufficient equipment, complications during resuscitation, and resuscitating a person only for training. As positive effects, the interviewees cited successful resuscitations or their awareness that, despite an unsuccessful resuscitation, they did everything they could. Conclusions: Participation in these interventions has a specific positive or negative impact on the performers. The interviewees shared the opinion that they can cope effectively with the adverse or stressful effects of resuscitation. Yet, despite everything, they allow the possibility of subconscious influences of this intervention on themselves.
Ključne besede: resuscitation, personal experiences, paramedics, prehospital environment
Objavljeno v DKUM: 07.04.2025; Ogledov: 0; Prenosov: 19
Celotno besedilo (307,20 KB)
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Opis: Kirurško zdravljenje velja za enega izmed temeljnih načinov zdravljenja pacientov z možganskim tumorjem. Kljub temu, da ima kirurška odstranitev možganskega tumorja dobro prognozo, lahko spremembe po odstranitvi močno vplivajo na kakovost življenja pacientov. Namen našega zaključnega dela je ugotoviti kako kirurška odstranitev vpliva na kakovost življenja pacientov po odstranitvi možganskega tumorja. Izvedli smo pregled, analizo in sintezo znanstvene literature. Iskanje je bilo opravljeno v podatkovnih bazah: PubMed, CINAHL Ultimate, Cochrane Library in ScienceDirect. Podatke smo analizirali in s pomočjo vsebinske sinteze sintetizirali. Članke smo razvrstili na nivo dokaza s pomočjo hierarhije dokazov. V končno analizo smo vključili 6 člankov, ki so ustrezali našemu iskalnemu nizu ter nam podali odgovor na zastavljeno raziskovalno vprašanje. Ugotovljeno je bilo, da se kakovost življenja po operaciji pri številnih pacientih poslabšala kljub odstranitvi tumorja zaradi različnih fizičnih, psihičnih in socialnih dejavnikov. Raziskave tudi navajajo, da se je čustvena funkcija izboljšala po operaciji, telesna pa poslabšala. Kakovost življenja je eden izmed glavnih parametrov za ocenjevanje uspešnosti zdravljenja možganskega tumorja. Na poslabšanje kakovosti življenja po kirurški odstranitvi vplivajo različne težave. Dejavniki, kot so spol, pooperativni zapleti, vrsta zdravljenja, ponovna operacija, vrsta tumorja in premer tumorja lahko prav tako vplivajo na večje tveganje za zmanjšano kakovost življenja.
Ključne besede: možganski tumorji, kirurško zdravljenje, kakovost življenja
Objavljeno v DKUM: 09.12.2024; Ogledov: 0; Prenosov: 39
Celotno besedilo (1,24 MB)

Opis: The aim of this systematic review was to present the indirect influence of probiotics on the incidence and duration of acute upper respiratory-tract infections in older people, by regulating the immune system. Eight randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trials met the inclusion criteria, considering the threshold of older people being 60 years and over. Single strain probiotics were used in all studies, including three probiotic strains used in fermented foods: Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus OLL1073R-1, Lacticaseibacillus paracasei subsp. paracasei CNCM I-1518 and Lacticaseibacillus paracasei Shirota, and three probiotic strains used as food supplements: Loigolactobacillus coryniformis K8 CECT5711, Bacillus subtilis CU1 and Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus GG. Current evidence showed that certain probiotic strains were better than a placebo in lowering the incidence or number of older people experiencing acute upper respiratory tract infections; however, not all probiotic strains were efficient, and not all studies reported statistically significant outcomes. More high quality large-scale properly controlled clinical studies focusing on older people are warranted.
Ključne besede: probiotics, fermented foods, upper respiratory tract infections, older people
Objavljeno v DKUM: 17.10.2024; Ogledov: 0; Prenosov: 9
Celotno besedilo (460,81 KB)
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