1. The role of vascular lesions in diabetes across a spectrum of clinical kidney diseaseRosa Rodriguez-Rodriguez, Radovan Hojs, Francesco Trevisani, Enrique Morales, Gema Fernández, Sebastjan Bevc, Clara Maria Cases Corona, Josep Maria Cruzado, María Quaro, Maruja Navarro Díaz, Mads Hornum, Beatriz Fernandez-Fernandez, Arianna Bettiga, Federico Di Marco, Marina López Martínez, Francisco J. Moreso, Clara García Garro, Khaled Khazim, Fedaa Ghanem, Manuel Praga, Meritxell Ibernón, Ivo Laranjinha, Luís Mendonça, Miguel Bigotte Vieira, Bo Feldt-Rasmussen, Patricia Fox Concepción, Natalia Negrín Mena, Alberto Ortiz, Esteban L. Porrini, 2021, izvirni znanstveni članek Opis: Introduction: The clinical-histologic correlation in diabetic nephropathy is not completely known.
Methods: We analyzed nephrectomy specimens from 90 patients with diabetes and diverse degrees of proteinuria and glomerular filtration rate (GFR).
Results: Thirty-six (40%) subjects had normoalbuminuria, 33 (37%) microalbuminuria, and 21 (23%) non-nephrotic proteinuria. Mean estimated GFR (eGFR) was 65±23 (40% <60 ml/min per 1.73 m2). About 170 glomeruli per patient were analyzed, and all samples included vascular tissue. Six subjects (7%) were classified in diabetic nephropathy class I, 61 (68%) in class II-a, 13 (14%) in class II-b, 9 (10%) class III, and 1 (1%) in class IV. Eighty percent to 90% of those with normoalbuminuria or microalbuminuria were classified in class II-a or II-b and <10% in class III; 52% of those with proteinuria were in class II-a, 15% in class II-b, and 19% in class III. Nodular sclerosis (57%) and mesangial expansion (15%) were more frequent in cases with proteinuria than in normoalbuminuria (28% and 8%; P = 0.028 and 0.017). About 20% to 30% of all cases, regardless the level of albuminuria or proteinuria or the histologic class had tubular atrophy, interstitial fibrosis, or inflammation in >10% to 20% of the sample. Moderate hyalinosis and arteriolar sclerosis were observed in 80% to 100% of cases with normoalbuminuria, microalbuminuria, proteinuria, as well as in class I, II, or III.
Conclusions: Weak correspondence between analytical parameters and kidney histology was found. Thus, disease may progress undetected from the early clinical stages of the disease. Finally, vascular damage was a very common finding, which highlights the role of ischemic intrarenal disease in diabetes.
Ključne besede: albuminuria, chronic kidney disease, diabetes, diabetic nephropathy, histology, normoalbuminuria
Objavljeno v DKUM: 06.12.2024; Ogledov: 0; Prenosov: 5
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2. Assessment of kidney function : clinical indications for measured GFRNatalie Ebert, Sebastjan Bevc, Arend Bökenkamp, Francois Gaillard, Mads Hornum, Kitty Jager, Christophe Mariat, Bjørn Odvar Eriksen, Runolfur Palsson, Andrew D. Rule, 2021, pregledni znanstveni članek Opis: In the vast majority of cases, glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is estimated using serum creatinine, which is highly influenced by age, sex, muscle mass, body composition, severe chronic illness and many other factors. This often leads to misclassification of patients or potentially puts patients at risk for inappropriate clinical decisions. Possible solutions are the use of cystatin C as an alternative endogenous marker or performing direct measurement of GFR using an exogenous marker such as iohexol. The purpose of this review is to highlight clinical scenarios and conditions such as extreme body composition, Black race, disagreement between creatinine- and cystatin C–based estimated GFR (eGFR), drug dosing, liver cirrhosis, advanced chronic kidney disease and the transition to kidney replacement therapy, non-kidney solid organ transplant recipients and living kidney donors where creatinine-based GFR estimation may be invalid. In contrast to the majority of literature on measured GFR (mGFR), this review does not include aspects of mGFR for research or public health settings but aims to reach practicing clinicians and raise their understanding of the substantial limitations of creatinine. While including cystatin C as a renal biomarker in GFR estimating equations has been shown to increase the accuracy of the GFR estimate, there are also limitations to eGFR based on cystatin C alone or the combination of creatinine and cystatin C in the clinical scenarios described above that can be overcome by measuring GFR with an exogenous marker. We acknowledge that mGFR is not readily available in many centres but hope that this review will highlight and promote the expansion of kidney function diagnostics using standardized mGFR procedures as an important milestone towards more accurate and personalized medicine.
Ključne besede: biomarker, chronic kidney disease, clinical indications, creatinine, cystatin C, kidney function, measured glomerular filtration rate
Objavljeno v DKUM: 12.08.2024; Ogledov: 52; Prenosov: 12
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