Iskanje po katalogu digitalne knjižnice

Opis: Aplikacije za zmenke so že dolgo prisotne v naši družbi in so za marsikoga postale ena izmed glavnih platform za spoznavanje morebitnih romantičnih partnerjev. V tujini lahko na to temo opazimo že veliko raziskav, kar pa pri nas ne drži. Namen te raziskave je bil tako preučiti nekatere vidike uporabe aplikacij za zmenke v Sloveniji v povezavi s tveganim spolnim vedenjem in samospoštovanjem pri uporabnikih. Raziskava je bila prečna, udeleženci so sodelovali prostovoljno, vprašalnike pa so reševali preko spletnega orodja 1ka. Poleg demografskih vprašanj in vprašanj o uporabi aplikacij za zmenke so udeleženci rešili še Lestvico tveganih spolnih vedenj, Rosenbergovo lestvico samospoštovanja in Lestvico motivov uporabe Tinderja. Sodelovalo je 280 mladih med 18 in 30 letom (M = 24,6; SD = 2,96). Od tega je bilo 198 žensk in 81 moških, en udeleženec pa je pri spolu označil »drugo«. Trenutnih uporabnikov je bilo 51 (18,2 %), nekdanjih uporabnikov 87 (31,1 %), 142 (50,7 %) udeležencev pa aplikacij za zmenke ni uporabljalo nikoli. Na našem vzorcu smo odkrili pogosta srečanja v živo, spolne odnose z drugimi uporabniki in presenetljiv odstotek romantičnih razmerij, ki so se vzpostavila kot posledica uporabe aplikacij za zmenke. Uporabniki so bili v večji meri moški, samski in so živeli sami, pri tem pa se je izkazalo, da imajo moški in ženske drugačne motive za uporabo. Z neuporabniki so se razlikovali v številu bivših spolnih partnerjev, v samospoštovanju in tveganem spolnem vedenju pa razlik nismo opazili. Tvegano spolno vedenje se pri uporabnikih ni razlikovalo glede na spol, se pa je razlikovalo glede na motiv uporabe. Prav tako je bilo tvegano spolno vedenje pri uporabnikih pomembno povezano s številom spolnih partnerjev, ne pa tudi z dnevno uporabo aplikacij. Samospoštovanje pri uporabnikih ni kazalo pomembnih razlik glede na spol, prav tako pa tudi ni kazalo pomembnih povezav s tveganim spolnim vedenjem. Aplikacije za zmenke so se tako izkazale kot uspešen medij za povezovanje ljudi, negativnih povezav, ki so bile odkrite v prejšnjih raziskavah, pa na našem vzorcu nismo opazili. Podane so tudi praktične implikacije, pomanjkljivosti raziskave in ideje za prihodnje raziskave.
Ključne besede: aplikacije za zmenke, tvegano spolno vedenje, samospoštovanje, mladi odrasli
Objavljeno v DKUM: 04.02.2025; Ogledov: 0; Prenosov: 14
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Opis: Most previous research has reported an ingroup advantage for emotion recognition accuracy (e.g. Elfenbein & Ambady, 2002b; Friesen et al., 2019). On the other hand, when researching discrimination between deliberate and spontaneous smiles in a minimal group paradigm, Young (2017) found an outgroup advantage. The goal of the present study was to investigate this phenomenon and examine its underlying mechanisms. Participants completed two blocks of trials where they rated the genuineness of deliberate and spontaneous smiles, as well as reported their motivation to attend to members of either group. The results showed no significant advantage for ingroup or outgroup in smile discrimination accuracy, nor did overall accuracy change with the inclusion of group information. However, participants showed a significantly laxer threshold for labelling a smile as genuine when evaluating ingroup members. Motivation to attend to individuals was highest for ingroup members. These findings suggest the presence of an ingroup positivity bias in ratings of smile genuineness within a minimal group paradigm. Moreover, they suggest that intergroup biases in emotion recognition VI may be less pronounced than previously thought and highlight the potential role of mediators in shaping these biases.
Ključne besede: facial expressions, smile genuineness, intergroup bias, motivation
Objavljeno v DKUM: 13.01.2025; Ogledov: 0; Prenosov: 17
Celotno besedilo (1,30 MB)

Opis: The COVID-19 pandemic has led to the introduction of unprecedented safety measures, one of them being physical distancing recommendations. Here, we assessed whether the pandemic has led to long-term effects on two important physical distancing aspects, namely interpersonal distance preferences and interpersonal touch behaviors. We analyzed nearly 14,000 individual cases from two large, cross-cultural surveys – the first conducted 2 years prior to the pandemic and the second during a relatively stable period of a decreased infection rate in May-June 2021. Preferred interpersonal distances increased by 54% globally during the COVID-19 pandemic. This increase was observable across all types of relationships, all countries, and was more pronounced in individuals with higher self-reported vulnerability to diseases. Unexpectedly, participants reported a higher incidence of interpersonal touch behaviors during than before the pandemic. We discuss our results in the context of prosocial and self-protection motivations that potentially promote different social behaviors.
Ključne besede: neverbalna komunikacija, preference glede medosebne razdalje, medosebni dotiki, pandemija, kovid, COVID-19, fizična distanca, medkulturna psihologija, coronavirus, nonverbal communication, interpersonal distance preferences, interpersonal touch behaviour, cross-cultural psychology, physical distancing
Objavljeno v DKUM: 02.08.2024; Ogledov: 89; Prenosov: 7
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Opis: Past research has shown that news media may contain a disproportionate amount of negative news. Frequent exposure to such negative information could have detrimental effects on our mental well-being. We aimed to gain further insight into the potentially adverse effects of exposure to soft and hard news, as well as to examine potential reasons why individuals might expose themselves to such negative information. To do so, we conducted an online survey involving 176 participants (66 male, 107 female and 3 other) aged 15–65 years. The study included manipulation and additional (correlational) analyses. In the manipulation, we tested for the potential short-term effects of exposure to soft or hard news on the psychological well-being of our participants (as measured by the semi-projective Rotter Incomplete Sentences Blank; Rotter, 1950). This was done by setting three conditions (soft news, hard news and control group) wherein participants were exposed to 15 consecutive front page screenshots of the chosen soft and hard newspapers respectively. Hard news is generally more focused on major issues and breaking events – i.e., news that is important for the individual to understand, while soft news usually focuses on personal stories, is less time-bound, and is more incident-based. The correlational part of our study focused on discovering associations between long-term exposure to (different types of) news and the degree of negative emotions and well-being (measured by the DASS-21, Lovibond & Lovibond, 1995) and Rosenberg Self Esteem Scale (Rosenberg, 1965). The results did not show statistically significant differences between conditions. When comparing the long-term readers of the chosen hard and soft newspapers, statistically significant differences were found only in anxiety levels, however, a forming trend seemed to suggest that long-term exposure to soft news might be associated with reduced psychological well-being. Our findings are discussed in line with the contemporary psychological literature.
Ključne besede: hard news, soft news, sensationalism, mental health, schadenfreude
Objavljeno v DKUM: 10.07.2024; Ogledov: 119; Prenosov: 15
Celotno besedilo (1,01 MB)
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Opis: Introduction: While increasing awareness of climate change is needed to address this threat to the natural environment and humanity, it may simultaneously negatively impact mental health. Previous studies suggest that climate-specific mental health phenomena, such as climate anxiety and worry, tend to be especially pronounced in youth. To properly understand and address these issues, we need valid measures that can also be used in non-Anglophone samples. Therefore, in the present paper, we aimed to validate Slovenian versions of the Climate Anxiety Scale (CAS) and the Climate Change Worry Scale (CCWS) among Slovenian youth. Method: We conducted an online survey in which 442 young individuals (18–24 years) from Slovenia filled out the two central questionnaires and additional instruments capturing other relevant constructs (e.g., general anxiety, neuroticism, and behavioral engagement). Results: The confirmatory factor analyses results supported the hypothesized factorial structure of the CAS (two factors) and the CCWS (one factor). Both scales also demonstrated great internal reliability. Moreover, the analyses exploring both constructs’ nomological networks showed moderate positive associations with similar measures, such as anxiety and stress (convergent validity), and very weak associations with measures they should not be particularly related to, such as narcissism (discriminant validity). Lastly, we found that the CAS and, even more so, the CCWS have unique predictive value in explaining outcomes such as perceived threat, support for climate policies, and behavioral engagement (incremental validity). Discussion: Overall, Slovenian versions of the CAS and the CCWS seem to be valid, reliable, and appropriate for future studies tackling young individuals’ responses to climate change. Limitations of the study and areas for future research are discussed.
Ključne besede: climate anxiety, climate change, climate worry, validation, youth
Objavljeno v DKUM: 04.06.2024; Ogledov: 137; Prenosov: 32
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