1. Dejavniki tveganja za travmatsko možgansko krvavitevJure Preložnik, 2024, končno poročilo o rezultatih raziskav Opis: Travmatska poškodba možganov (TPM) in intrakranialna krvavitev (TMK) zaradi poškodbe glave še vedno predstavljata glavni vir invalidnosti in lahko vodita v telesne, kognitivne in psihološke motnje ter trajno invalidnost. Incidenca se razlikuje, najvišja je pri starejših ljudeh (1682 na 100.000 ljudi) in najnižja pri mladih odraslih (1010 na 100.000 ljudi). Ocenjuje se, da se pri 13 do 35 % pacientov po poškodbi glave razvije intrakranialna krvavitev. Naš cilj je bil najti različne dejavnike tveganja za intrakranialno krvavitev pri pacientih s poškodbo glave.
Ključne besede: travmatska poškodba možganov, intrakranialna krvavitev, poškodba glave
Objavljeno v DKUM: 20.01.2025; Ogledov: 0; Prenosov: 18
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2. Comparison of craniofacial morphology in individuals with and without hypodontia with a special focus on the number of congenitally missing teethAnita Fekonja, Andrej Čretnik, 2022, izvirni znanstveni članek Opis: Background: Hypodontia might negatively affect dental function and esthetics, what might affect patients' self-esteem, communication behavior, professional performance and thus quality of life. The aim of this study was to estimate the influence of number of congenital missing teeth on dentofacial features.
Methods: Lateral cephalograms of 60 individuals with hypodontia (study group) and 40 individuals without hypodontia (control group) were analyzed. Patients in the study group were divided into two subgroups according to the number of missing teeth (group A with hypodontia 1 to 4 teeth and group B with hypodontia 5 or more teeth). Cephalometric data were compared among the study and control groups and statistically analyzed.
Results: The results in the present study revealed a significantly shorter and more retrognathic maxilla, more prognathic chin position, more retruded incisors in both jaws, large interincisal angle, straighter facial convexity as well as more retruded upper and lower lips in the group B compared with the control group. In the group A only chin position was significantly more prognathic compared with the control group.
Conclusions: According to the results of present study impact of hypodontia on the craniofacial morphology and consequently on facial esthetics was found statistically significantly greater in patients with 5 or more congenitally missing teeth.
Ključne besede: hypodontia, craniofacial morphology, lateral cephalography, esthetics, congenital anomalies
Objavljeno v DKUM: 12.06.2024; Ogledov: 103; Prenosov: 14
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3. Arthroscopic anatomy and pathoanatomy of anterior cruciate ligament ruptures : clinical study with 94 patientsMohsen Hussein, Andrej Čretnik, Dejan Dinevski, Mitja Rupreht, Matjaž Vogrin, 2013, izvirni znanstveni članek Opis: Purpose: To arthroscopically evaluate the size variability of the Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) insertion sites and to determine whether there are variations in rupture patterns of the two ACL bundles. Material and Methods: Ninetyfour patients undergoing ACL reconstruction between June 2008 and June 2009 were included in our study. The average age of the patients was 26.7 +/- 8.3 years (range, 1648 years). Only patients with an ACL rupture less than 120 days old were included as unpublished data revealed difficulty in distinguishing between AM and PL bundles in older ACL ruptures.Results: The femoral ACL insertion site length ranged from 11 to 20 mm (15.9 +/- 2.2). On the tibial side, the length of the tibial ACL insertion site ranged from 9 to 20 mm (16.0 +/- 2.1). On the femoral side, the width of the ACL insertion site ranged from 6 to 11 mm (8.3 +/- 1.2). On the tibial side, the width of the entire ACL insertion site ranged from 6 to 12 mm (8.7 +/- 1.1). The most frequent injury pattern was found to be the proximal rupture of both bundles; seen in 74 patients (78.7%). Conclusion: Both hypotheses were confirmed, and this may be clinically relevant in anatomic ACL reconstruction.
Ključne besede: sprednja križna vez (SKV), narastišče, vzorec raztrganine
Objavljeno v DKUM: 12.04.2024; Ogledov: 143; Prenosov: 12
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4. Surgical management of traumatic spondylolisthesis of the axisIgor Movrin, Andrej Čretnik, 2013, strokovni članek Opis: Purpose: The optimal treatment modality for traumatic spondylolisthesis (TSA) of the axis (second cervical vertebra) remains controversial. Many conservative and anterior techniques have been used to treatt hese injuries. Case report: We describe a 29-year old woman who presented to the emergency department with severe neck pain after falling down aflight of stairs. Cervical plain radiographs and computer tomography (CT) scan demonstrated a major C2 body anterior dislocation with bilateral C2 pedicle fractures. A Crutchfield extension was applied, with four kilograms of traction initially, with the neck in slight extension. After two hours of traction, plain radiographs showed near anatomical reduction. The same day the patient underwent an anterior C2/C3 discectomy and autologous bone fusion with a cervical spine locking plate (CSLP). There were no neurological deficits postoperatively and the patient was asymptomatic. She was discharged home on postoperative day eight with a Philadelphia collar for 6 weeks. Conclusion: Anterior C2/C3 discectomy and fusion may be feasible and safe in unstable TSA, with the benefit of high primary stability, anatomical reduction, a high union rate, and favorable clinical outcome.
Ključne besede: 2. vratno vretence (okretač), travmatska spondilolisteza, hangman zlom (zlom obešenca), sprednja zatrditev vratne hrbtenice
Objavljeno v DKUM: 12.04.2024; Ogledov: 135; Prenosov: 9
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5. Vpliv komunikacijskih ovir pri obravnavi pacienta v nujni medicinski pomočiAnja Košič, 2023, magistrsko delo Opis: Uvod: Komunikacijske ovire negativno vplivajo na kakovost oskrbe pacientov na terenu kot tudi v zdravstvenih ustanovah. Zdravstveni delavci kot najpogostejšo bariero pri obravnavi navajajo paciente, ki govorijo tuj jezik. Komunikacijske ovire ovirajo ali odložijo nujne postopke in posege, če pacient ne govori in/ali razume jezika, posledice pa so lahko resne, saj je lahko ogroženo zdravje in življenje pacienta.
Metode: V teoretičnem delu smo opravili pregled in analizo literature s pomočjo deskriptivne metode dela. Empirični del predstavlja na kvantitativni metodologiji temelječa raziskava. Zbiranje podatkov je potekalo s pomočjo anketnega vprašalnika. V raziskavi, ki je potekala od maja do julija 2023, smo anketirali 100 zaposlenih v nujni medicinski pomoči. Dobljene podatke smo statistično obdelali in analizirali s pomočjo računalniških programov Microsoft Office Excel 2016 in IBM SPSS 28.0.
Rezultati: Rezultati raziskave so pokazali, da so se pri opravljanju dela skoraj vsi sodelujoči (99%) že srečali z oteženo komunikacijo. Večina (70%) še ni uporabila pripomočkov za oteženo komunikacijo, saj le ti niso na voljo. Sodelujoči so v 93% mnenja, da nimajo zadostnega znanja s področja otežene komunikacije in bi si ga želeli pridobiti.
Razprava in sklep: Uspešna komunikacija je pogoj za kakovostno zdravstveno oskrbo, zlasti pri nudenju nujne medicinske pomoči. Brez medsebojnega razumevanja med pacienti in zdravstvenim osebjem kakovostno zdravljenje ni mogoče. Potrebne so podrobnejše raziskave, s katerimi bomo našli nove načine za premostitev vse večjih komunikacijskih ovir, ki jih pri obravnavi srečujemo. Prav tako je potrebna implementacija in uporaba pripomočkov, ki so že na voljo ter razvoj novih, čimbolj vsesplošno dostopnih pripomočkov, ki bodo pripomogli h kakovostnejši obravnavi pacientov.
Ključne besede: komunikacija, komunikacijske ovire, nujna medicinska pomoč, pacient
Objavljeno v DKUM: 05.01.2024; Ogledov: 522; Prenosov: 119
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7. The use of selective laser melting in mandibular retrognathia correctionAndrej Čretnik, Anita Fekonja, 2022, izvirni znanstveni članek Opis: Digitalization and additive manufacturing offer new possibilities in the manufacturing of individualized medical and dental products. In the paper we present the results of the first 30 consecutive growing patients (15 males and 15 females), with a mean age of 13.69 years (SD = 1.26), who were treated for mandibular retrognathia (skeletal Class II malocclusion), using fixed sagittal guidance (FSG) appliance, individually manufactured by selective laser melting (SLM). Lateral cephalometric radiographs were taken before (T0) and after (T1) treatment and a detailed cephalometric analysis was performed. with a special focus on a time period for malocclusion correction. The analyzed data were compared with the control group (CG; treated with intermaxillary Class II elastics) that was matched for pretreatment age and pretreatment cephalometric measurements. Both methods were effective in the correction of Class II malocclusion, but the time period of correction was significantly shorter (16.03 ± 1.09 months vs. 20.65 ± 4.12 months) with the FSG appliance. After treatment visual skeletal and dentoalveolar effects were achieved, with statistically significant differences measured in mandibular incisors inclination (0.45° in FSG and 2.84° in CG) and distance (−0.61 mm in FSG and 0.13 mm in CG), in mandibular first molar inclination (−1.07° in FSG and 1.18° in CG) and overbite (−3.82 mm in FSG and −2.46 mm in CG), all in favor of FSG appliance. After the final mean treatment time of 16.03 ± 1.09 months, visual skeletal and dentoalveolar effects were achieved, with significant differences in sagittal (SNB angle, SNPg angle, mandibular length (CoGn) and consequently decrease in ANB angle) as well as in vertical (lower anterior facial height (LAFH) and gonial angle) measurements noted, with no reported complications. As the time needed for malocclusion correction was comparable with the reports in the traditional use of the functional appliance and as all the cosmetical and functional changes in all the treated patients remained stable after a 2-year observational period, growing patients with Class II malocclusion could benefit with this type of treatment. As all the cosmetical and functional changes in all the treated patients remained stable after a 2-year observational period, growing patients with Class II malocclusion could benefit from the treatment with FSG appliance.
Ključne besede: selective laser melting, individualized manufacturing technology, mandibular retrognathia
Objavljeno v DKUM: 18.09.2023; Ogledov: 513; Prenosov: 32
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9. Prolonged, recurrent, spontaneous massive gluteal and femoral bleeding in a patient with five metachronous primary malignanciesAndrej Čretnik, Pija Šumer Mayer, Silva Breznik, 2022, drugi znanstveni članki Ključne besede: embolization, massive bleeding, metachronous neoplasms, multiple primary malignancies
Objavljeno v DKUM: 16.02.2023; Ogledov: 623; Prenosov: 43
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10. Management razjed zaradi pritiska v akutni kirurški obravnavi pacientaDoroteja Pavlič Kerndl, 2019, magistrsko delo Opis: Izhodišča: Management RZP je del zdravstvene nege, ki zahteva poznavanje dejavnikov tveganja, principov ocene tveganja, preprečevanja, identifikacije in zdravljenja. Celostni pristop k preprečevanju in obravnavi RZP od izvajalcev zdravstvene nege zahteva dodatna znanja in izkušnje. Namen magistrskega dela je opredeliti in opisati management RZP v akutni kirurški obravnavi pacienta.
Metode: Raziskava je temeljila na kvantitativni metodologiji raziskovanja. Izvedli smo deskriptivno študijo z metodo anketiranja. Kot raziskovalni instrument smo uporabili anketni vprašalnik, ki smo ga sestavili na podlagi izsledkov literature. Za prikaz rezultatov smo uporabili metodo deskriptivne statistike in metode inferenčne statistike. Za potrditev hipotez smo uporabili Spearmanov koeficient korelacije, T –test in Mann-Whitney test.
Rezultati: Rezultati so pokazali, da je med spremenljivkama ovire za nedosledno izvajanje preventivnih ukrepov ter dejavniki organizacije korelacija šibka, negativna (rs=-0,129; p=0,212). Mann-Whitney test je pokazal, da obstajajo statistično pomembne razlike med delovno dobo in preventivnim delovanjem. Izvajalci zdravstvene nege z daljšo delovno dobo v povprečju višje ocenjujejo področje preventivnega delovanja pri RZP (Z=-2,919; p=0,004). Ugotavljamo tudi, da med izvajalci zdravstvene nege z dodiplomsko in podiplomsko izobrazbo ter tistimi s srednješolsko izobrazbo obstajajo statistično pomembne razlike pri prepoznavi preventivnih ukrepov in obravnavi pacienta z RZP (Z=-2,418; p=0,016).
Diskusija in zaključek: RZP je pomemben kazalnik kakovosti zdravstvene nege, vendar kljub napredku, obstoju smernic in novih znanj ostaja pojavnost RZP nespremenjena že več desetletij. Management RZP v akutni kirurški obravnavi pacienta zajema ocenjevanje tveganja za nastanek RZP, preventivno delovanje, v primeru pojava RZP pa temeljito multidisciplinarno obravnavo pacienta z RZP. Izobraževanje izvajalcev zdravstvene nege na področju preventivnega delovanja je ključnega pomena in predstavlja temeljno aktivnost zdravstvene nege v obravnavi RZP.
Ključne besede: poškodba tkiva zaradi pritiska, management, preventiva, znanje, ovire
Objavljeno v DKUM: 07.05.2019; Ogledov: 1506; Prenosov: 313
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