1. The protective role of resilience in the development of social media addiction in tertiary students and psychometric properties of the Slovenian Bergen Social Media Addiction Scale (BSMAS)Mark Žmavc, Andrej Šorgo, Branko Gabrovec, Nuša Crnkovič, Katarina Cesar, Špela Selak, 2022, izvirni znanstveni članek Opis: With the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, social media became one of the most utilized sources of information relating to the disease. With the increased reliance on social media, the risk of excessive use and the development of social media addiction emerges. The aim of the present study was to explore the psychometric properties of the Slovenian version of the Bergen Social Media Addiction Scale, and to explore how psychological resilience affects social media addiction symptoms directly and indirectly through symptoms of depression, anxiety and mental distress. A large online cross-sectional study was conducted in March 2021 among Slovenian tertiary students (N = 4868). The results showed the high reliability, unidimensionality and criterion validity of the Slovenian Bergen Social Media Addiction Scale. The proposed structural model fit the data well and showed a significant direct positive effect of depression and stress on social media addiction. Moreover, the majority of the negative effects of psychological resilience on social media addiction (87.2%) were indirect, through depression and stress symptoms, whereas resilience had a significantly smaller impact on social media addiction by reducing anxiety symptoms. The overall prevalence of social media addiction symptoms was 4.6%, with females exhibiting higher proportions than men. Additionally, female social media users reported a complete absence of social media addiction symptoms less often compared to males. Future research should further explore the mechanisms behind social media addiction, in order to gain a better understanding of the apparently different risk levels for both genders.
Ključne besede: social media addiction, behavioral addictions, resilience, validation, Bergen Social Media Addiction Scale (BSMAS), COVID-19
Objavljeno v DKUM: 09.07.2024; Ogledov: 128; Prenosov: 22
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2. The influence of anxiety and fear of COVID‑19 on vaccination hesitancy among postsecondary studentsAndrej Šorgo, Nuša Crnkovič, Katarina Cesar, Špela Selak, Mitja Vrdelja, Branko Gabrovec, 2022, izvirni znanstveni članek Opis: The aim of the present study was to explore the infuence of anxiety and fear of COVID-19 on vaccination hesitancy among Slovenian postsecondary students. A cross-sectional study using a set of previously tested instruments and ad hoc questions created by the authors was chosen as the method to gain insight into various health and sociodemographic aspects of Slovenian postsecondary students afected by the COVID-19-induced closures and suspensions of educational activities at tertiary educational institutions (N= 5999). Overall, 39.7% of participating students expressed an intention to get vaccinated at the frst possible opportunity, whereas 29.2% expressed no intent to do so. The highest vaccine hesitancy was observed among prospective teachers (50.3%) and the lowest among prospective physicians (5,7%). When examining the role of anxiety and fear of COVID-19 on the Slovenian postsecondary students' intentions to get vaccinated the results of logistic regression showed that only fear of COVID-19 played a mild and signifcant role.
Ključne besede: vaccination, health care, health occupations, medical research, risk factors, signs and symptoms, students
Objavljeno v DKUM: 05.07.2024; Ogledov: 111; Prenosov: 9
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3. User violence against employees at nursing homesKatarina Cesar, Liljana Rihter, Špela Selak, Branko Gabrovec, 2018, izvirni znanstveni članek Opis: Purpose:
Earlier research has indicated the high exposure of those working in assisting occupations to workplace violence in Slovenia. The purpose of this study is to complement the research gap in investigating violence within social care and determine the types and extent of workplace violence among all employees in a social care institution, the influence of aggressive behaviour of users on the well-being of employees, and the need for education on dealing with the violence to which employees are being exposed.
Design/Methods/Approach:
Workplace violence was researched quantitatively using a descriptive method. We used a structured survey questionnaire, which was adapted using an existing questionnaire to research the occurrence of violent acts from users against employees at nursing homes and other social care institutions.
Findings:
The nursing home Dom ob Savinji Celje faces user violence against its employees. The most frequent form of violence against employees is verbal abuse (37.7% of respondents) and the least frequent is unwanted conduct of a sexual nature (5.2% of respondents). Workers employed in healthcare face user violence more often than employees in other fields. Employees most often face a certain form of user violence 1-2 times per year. When an employee meets an aggressive user, the most common emotions are fear, helplessness, uncertainty, feeling under threat, and least often a lack of understanding from fellow employees.
Originality/Value:
This study focuses on studying workplace violence within a social care institution and complements extant, yet inadequate scientific findings.
Ključne besede: nursing homes, workplace violence, healthcare, social care, social care institutions
Objavljeno v DKUM: 18.05.2020; Ogledov: 1113; Prenosov: 55
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4. ZASVOJENOST Z RAZLIČNIMI VIDIKI INFORMACIJSKO-KOMUNIKACIJSKE TEHNOLOGIJE: POJAVNOST IN VALIDACIJA INSTRUMENTOV MERJENJAŠpela Selak, 2016, magistrsko delo Opis: Informacijsko-komunikacijske tehnologije (IKT) so postale nepogrešljiv del našega vsakdana. Pozitivne posledice njihove uporabe lahko uživamo le ob uravnoteženi in kontrolirani rabi, v nasprotnem primeru pa lahko korenito posežejo v naša življenja ter v skrajnem primeru vodijo tudi v zasvojenost. Problematična raba novodobnih tehnologij in tudi zasvojenost z njimi tako v Sloveniji, kot drugje po svetu, iz leta v leto naraščata ter močno vplivata na naše psihofizično zdravje, medosebne odnose in druga področja življenja. V magistrski nalogi smo proučevali področje problematične rabe interneta in zasvojenosti z njim glede na različne vidike oziroma področja uporabe IKT (tj. splošna raba interneta, igranje računalniških iger na internetu, spletna socialna omrežja, internetna pornografija, internetno hazardiranje in nakupovanje prek interneta). V nalogi smo preverjali tudi zanesljivost in veljavnost merskih instrumentov, ki so bili uporabljeni za zbiranje podatkov; preverjali pa smo tudi pojavnost zasvojenosti z različnimi internetnimi vsebinami v Sloveniji glede na spol in starost. Tako smo v magistrski nalogi validirali in analizirali vprašalnike za ocenjevanje splošne zasvojenosti z internetom, zasvojenosti z računalniškimi igrami in zasvojenosti s spletnimi socialnimi omrežji pri dveh starostnih skupinah (prva skupina so otroci in mladostniki, druga skupina pa so mladi odrasli in odrasli). Podatki so bili pridobljeni preko spletne strani Centra LogOut, kjer so vprašalnike izpolnili naključni obiskovalci spletne strani, ki so pri sebi želeli preveriti prisotnost zasvojenosti z internetom (glede na različne vsebine). V postopku validacije je bilo ugotovljeno, da vprašalniki za merjenje splošne zasvojenosti z internetom, zasvojenosti z računalniškimi igrami in zasvojenosti s spletnimi socialnimi omrežji predstavljajo zanesljive merske instrumente, medtem ko je njihovo veljavnost potrebno dodatno preveriti, najbolje v obliki baterije testov s potencialno sorodnimi teoretičnimi koncepti. Tako smo kot izboljšavo predlagali izpopolnitev vprašalnikov z vključitvijo dodatnih vprašanj in reformulacijo (obstoječih) vprašanj ter dodatne analize in raziskave o mejah vprašalnikov in njihovi prilagoditvi specifikam posameznih internetnih vsebin. Nadaljnja analiza podatkov na validiranih vprašalnikih je pokazala, da so statistično značilne razlike med spoloma prisotne pri splošni zasvojenosti z internetom in zasvojenosti z igranjem računalniških iger, ne pa tudi pri zasvojenosti s spletnimi socialnimi omrežji. Med starostnima skupinama statistično značilnih razlik ni bilo prisotnih pri nobeni obliki zasvojenosti z internetom. Najvišji povprečen testni dosežek (63 %) je bil prisoten na Vprašalniku zasvojenosti z računalniškimi igrami (problematično vedenje z izrazitimi težavami), najnižji pa na Vprašalniku zasvojenosti s spletnimi socialnimi omrežji (49 %) (problematično vedenje z zmernimi težavami). Kljub nereprezentativnemu vzorcu in slabšim psihometričnim lastnostim vprašalnikov, ki so bili uporabljeni za zbiranje podatkov, pa pridobljeni rezultati prinašajo doprinos k orisu stanja zasvojenosti z internetom v slovenskem prostoru. Rezultati raziskave vsekakor predstavljajo potrebo po ukrepanju ter dodatnih znanstvenih raziskovanjih na tem področju.
Ključne besede: zasvojenost, odvisnost, internet, računalniške igre, spletna socialna omrežja, vprašalniki, Slovenija
Objavljeno v DKUM: 25.03.2016; Ogledov: 3473; Prenosov: 769
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