1. Zdravstveno varstvo imigrantov : magistrsko deloNika Benotič, 2024, master's thesis Abstract: Pravica do zdravstvenega varstva, ki predstavlja eno izmed najpomembnejših področij socialne varnosti, je ustavno varovana kategorija človekovih pravic in temeljnih svoboščin, saj sta zdravje in življenje nenadomestljivi dobrini, zato se mora, ne glede na osebne okoliščine in družbeni položaj posameznika le ta zagotavljati vsakomur, ob čimer imigranti ne predstavljajo nobene izjeme. V Sloveniji je enakost pred zakonom zagotovljena na ustavni ravni, kar pomeni, da se mora vsem posameznikom, vključno z imigranti, zagotavljati človekove pravice in temeljne svoboščine, kar poudarjajo tudi mednarodni pravni akti.
Priseljenci se ob dostopu do pravic, ki izhajajo iz zdravstvenega varstva pogosto soočajo z različnimi ovirami, ki so v prvi vrsti odvisne od njihovega pravnega statusa, s katerim je pogojena vključitev v obvezno zdravstveno zavarovanje, iz katerega izhaja širok nabor zdravstvenih storitev, medtem, ko so tisti, brez urejenega statusa, upravičeni zgolj do nujne medicinske pomoči. Ob tem se spopadajo s številnimi izzivi, med katerimi so najpogostejše jezikovne, kulturne, ekonomske in institucionalne ovire. Le te lahko bistveno vplivajo na njihovo zmožnost pridobitve ustrezne zdravstvene oskrbe, ob čimer je posebna pozornost namenjena ranljivejšim skupinam, med katere bi lahko uvrstili otroke, ženske, invalide in starejše. Zaradi stresa migracij, vojnih travm, nasilja in mučenja pred odhodom, pogojev na poti in trajanja poti ter bivalnih pogojev, dolžine bivanja, jezikovnih in kulturnih razlik, nenazadnje pa tudi njihovega pravnega statusa in s tem posledično povezanega dostopa do zdravstvenih storitev, so pogosto »tarča« nalezljivih bolezni, težav z duševnim zdravjem in kroničnih bolezni.
V izogib kršitve načela enakosti in načela diskriminacije je obveznost države, da zagotovi spoštovanje dostojanstva imigrantov ter jih ne izpostavlja večjemu trpljenju, kot je potrebno za dosego ureditve pravnega statusa. Dostop priseljencev do zdravstvenega varstva v Evropi je velikokrat omejen že na formalnopravni ravni, saj se le tem ne zagotavlja enakih pravic kot domačemu prebivalstvu, tam kjer pa so formalne možnosti in pravice za migrante obstoječe na papirju, je v praksi dostop do teh oviran. Slovenija je priseljencem dolžna zagotavljati primerno, kakovostno in varno zdravstveno oskrbo, tudi če to pomeni prilagoditev zdravstvenih potreb, še posebej ranljivejšim skupinam imigrantov.
Keywords: medicinsko pravo, zdravstveno varstvo, zdravljenje, imigrant, migracije, pravice imigrantov
Published in DKUM: 04.12.2024; Views: 0; Downloads: 0
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2. Kakovost življenja odraslih oseb po zdravljenju debelosti s farmakološkimi pristopiLucija Helbl, 2024, undergraduate thesis Abstract: Uvod: Debelost je po svetu postala zelo velik javnozdravstveni problem. Kadar nefarmakološki ukrepi pri izgubi telesne teže ne pomagajo, so pacientom na voljo druge metode zdravljenja, in sicer bariatična operacija ter farmakološki pristopi zdravljenja. Namen zaključnega dela je na podlagi pregleda literature ugotoviti, kakšna je kakovost življenja odraslih pacientov po zdravljenju debelosti s farmakološkimi ukrepi. Metode: Pri pisanju zaključnega dela smo uporabili deskriptivno metodo dela. Pregledali smo znanstveno literaturo o izbrani temi, ki smo jo iskali v podatkovnih bazah CINAHL, PubMed, Cochrane Library in ScienceDirect ter to prikazali s PRISMA diagramom. Izvedli smo vsebinsko analizo člankov, jim določili nivo na podlagi hierarhije dokazov in jih predstavili v obliki evalvacijske tabele.
Rezultati: V končno analizo smo vključili osem člankov in na podlagi rezultatov ugotovili, da uporaba farmakoloških ukrepov pozitivno vpliva na kakovost življenja odraslih pacientov, saj se zmanjša telesna teža, indeks telesne mase, izboljšata se njihovo telesno in psihično zdravje.
Razprava in zaključek: Farmakološki pristopi zdravljenja prekomerne telesne teže in debelosti so se izkazali za učinkovite in bodo imeli velik doprinos v klinični praksi. Tematiko bi bilo dobro še bolj podrobno raziskati, predvsem na področju neželenih učinkov omenjenih zdravil.
Keywords: debelost, farmakološko zdravljenje, izguba telesne teže, kakovost življenja
Published in DKUM: 23.10.2024; Views: 0; Downloads: 7
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4. Primerjava življenjskih navad, kakovost življenja in sprejemanje hormonskega zdravljenja pri ženskah v pomenopavziTina Pahole, 2024, master's thesis Abstract: Pojem kakovosti življenja je postal vse pomembnejši tudi na področju menopavzne medicine. Kakovost življenja vključuje dobro počutje tako v telesnem kot v duševnem smislu. Spremenjena samopodoba in ne sprejemanje drugačnega zunanjega videza lahko povzročita negativno subjektivno oceno duševnega zdravja žensk. Obdobje po menopavzi navajamo takrat, kadar se simptomi pojavljajo še pet ali celo deset let. Kakovost življenja v pomenopavzi je zelo individualna, saj nanjo vplivajo številni dejavniki in ne samo uporaba HZ. Rezultati so pokazali, kaj vse lahko tako pozitivno kot negativno vpliva na kakovost življenja, hkrati so potrdili, da je kakovost življenja v pomenopavzi slabša ne glede na uporabo HZ.
Keywords: pomenopavza, kakovost življenja, hormonsko nadomestno zdravljenje
Published in DKUM: 30.05.2024; Views: 157; Downloads: 20
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5. Napovedniki antitrombotične terapije pri ambulantnih bolnikih s kronično atrijsko fibrilacijo, ki odstopa od smernic zdravljenjaReinhild Bücheler, Christoph Meisner, Ruth Bösel, Richard Fux, Christine Jägle, Lusine Danielyan, Katrin Schwarz, Christoph H. Gleiter, Klaus Mörike, 2009, professional article Keywords: atrijska fibrilacija, antitrombotično zdravljenje, smernice
Published in DKUM: 19.04.2024; Views: 135; Downloads: 2
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6. Alveolarna krvavitev kot zaplet po kombiniranem zdravljenju z antiagregacijskimi in antikoagulantnimi zdravili pri primarni koronarni intervenciji pri bolniku z akutnim koronarnim sindromom z elevacijo ST veznice - prikaz primeraSimona Kirbiš, Andreja Sinkovič, 2009, professional article Abstract: Platelet inhibitior with aspirin and systemic anticoagulation with unfractioned heparin to reduce the incidence of recurrent thrombosis after primary coronary intervention (PCI) has been the standard of care for patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) with ST elevation for some time. Eptifibatide is the platelet membrane glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitor that is often used. Bleeding complications occur most often at sites of vascular access and are more common in elderly patients. Alveolar hemorrhage with hemoptysis is a rare complication. We describe the case of a 43-year old smoker with an ST elevation myocardial infarction admitted for PCI. He was treated with standard anticoagulation and dual antiplatelet therapy before admission. Hemoptysis began approximately five minutes after the intracoronary application of eptifibatide at the end of the procedure. Supportive care including endotracheal intubation, mechanical ventilation, transfusion of packed red blood cells and reversal of all anticoagulation. Alveolar hemorrhage is life-threatening but adequate intensive supportive measures can be life-saving.
Keywords: alveolarna krvavitev, hemoptize, eptifibatide, miokardni infarkt, primarna koronarna intervencija, antiagregacijsko zdravljenje
Published in DKUM: 19.04.2024; Views: 169; Downloads: 2
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7. Treatment of uterine sarcomas at the Maribor University Clinical Centre between 1996 and 2011Darja Arko, Andraž Dovnik, Iztok Takač, 2013, original scientific article Abstract: Purpose: Uterine sarcomas are rare malignant tumours with a worse prognosis than endometrial carcinomas.This retrospective study was performed to determine the clinical and histologic characteristics, treatment, and outcomes in uterine sarcoma patients treated at our hospital over a 16-year period. Methods: Twenty-two patients (median age, 60.5 years) with uterine sarcomas were treated at our facility between 1996 and 2011. Information was collected from hospital and follow-up records and from the Cancer Registry of Slovenia. All tumours were classified according to the new FIGO classification for uterine sarcomas. Results: The majority of the patients presented with postmenopausal bleeding. The most common histologic subtype was leiomyosarcoma (50%), followed by carcinosarcoma (40.9%), and endometrial stromal sarcoma (9.1%). All of the patients were initially treated surgically, 21 by laparotomy and 1 laparoscopically. Eight patients were treated with postoperativeradiotherapy and 4 patients received postoperativechemotherapy. Disease progression was observed in 8 of17 patients who had sufficient followup information forthis analysis. The 5-year overall survival was 44 %.Conclusion: The overall survival of patients treated for uterine sarcomas in our study was comparatively good. Due to the small number and heterogeneity of the patients, larger multicentre trials are needed for a reliable analysis of factors influencing patient survival.
Keywords: maternični sarkom, histološke značilnosti, kirurško zdravljenje, dopolnilno zdravljenje, celokupno preživetje
Published in DKUM: 12.04.2024; Views: 211; Downloads: 8
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8. Surgical treatment of acute patellar dislocation associated with bony avulsion in childrenSamo K. Fokter, Andraž Dovnik, Nina Fokter Dovnik, 2013, original scientific article Abstract: Purpose: The management of acute patellar dislocation in children and adolescents is controversial. Traditionally,most first time traumatic patellar dislocations have been treated nonoperatively. However, due to new knowledge about medial patellar stabilizers some authors have advocated for surgical repair. The present report describes the midterm subjective and functional results of operative treatment of acute patellar dislocation in children less than eighteen years of age with concomitant osteochondral fracture. Methods: Data on a cohort of sixteen patients (eight girls and eight boys) aged 14.9 years (mean, range12-17 years) with acute patellar dislocation were retrospectively collected. Intraarticular fragments were detected in all patients in conventional radiographs. Operative treatment consisted of arthroscopic removal (12cases) or refixation (4 cases) of the osteochondral fragments and direct repair of the damaged medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) if that was still feasible (13 cases). All patients were seen at six months, and a telephone interview with twelve patients (75%) was conductedat four years (mean, range 27 years). Results: Of the sixteen patients, two (12.5%) had a recurrent patellar luxation. The subjective IKDC score at the time of the most recent follow up was 86 (mean, range 63-100), and the Marx Activity Rating Scale score was 9.2 (mean, range 216).Conclusions: Direct surgical repair of the injured MPFLmay be considered an option to prevent subsequent dislocation and subluxation in first time traumatic dislocation of the patella in children and adolescents with osteochondral fractures and substantial disruption of medial patellar stabilizers.
Keywords: akutni izpah pogačice, patelofemoralna kostna avulzija, izpah pri otrocih, pediatrične poškodbe, kirurško zdravljenje
Published in DKUM: 12.04.2024; Views: 162; Downloads: 10
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9. Giant symptomatic hydatid cyst requiring pneumonectomyAnton Crnjac, Aljaž Hojski, Boris Greif, Tadej Petek, Damjan Vidovič, 2014, original scientific article Keywords: hidatidna cista, Albendazol, radiološka diagnostika, kirurško zdravljenje, perioperativni zapleti
Published in DKUM: 11.04.2024; Views: 222; Downloads: 8
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10. Peripheral arterial embolization and limb ischemia complicating septic internal jugular vein thrombosis : a case report of Lemierre's syndromeVojko Flis, Zvonko Borovšak, 2015, professional article Keywords: Lemierrov sindrom, notranja jugularna vena, septična venska tromboza, Streptococcus pyogenes sepsa, embolizacija perifernih arterij, ishemija uda, antikoagulacijsko zdravljenje
Published in DKUM: 11.04.2024; Views: 184; Downloads: 6
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