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1.
Do visual constructs in social science textbooks evince gender stereotypes and bias? : a case study from India
Suzana Košir, Radhika Lakshminarayanan, 2023, original scientific article

Abstract: India presents a heterogeneous socio-economic ethos, rooted within structures of patriarchy and caste, rendering any transformation of traditional gender roles, increasingly challenging. Gender socialisation begins in childhood and is assimilated through schools. Students imbibe gender concepts through textbooks and classroom experiences, which either reinforce their social perceptions or influence them to critique inequalities and bias. Adopting a multi-pronged approach through feminist critical discourse analysis (FCDA) and content analysis, this research evaluates the images used in Indian school social science textbooks, for constructs of gender representation, structures, and stereotyping. The research reveals that gender structures depicted in textbooks foster patriarchy and gender bias. There is minimal effort to depict feminist activism and little scope to foster gender reflexivity and social debate, which only sustains stereotypical perceptions of gender roles within Indian society.
Keywords: gender stereotypes, gender socialisation, images in textbooks, gender bias, social sciences
Published in DKUM: 17.05.2024; Views: 123; Downloads: 20
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2.
Gender stereotypes in English nursery rhymes : m. a. thesis
Jasna Strmšek, 2023, master's thesis

Abstract: Nursery rhymes are children's first interaction with literature. Because of their rhythm and melody, we start to expose our children to them soon after they are born. Most babies and children like rhymes and repetitive rhythms and they usually show their enthusiasm by bouncing up and down or jumping. In the theoretical part of our thesis, we explain the terminology gender, sexism, stereotypes, and gender stereotypes. We also present the benefits for children listening to nursery rhymes like the development of motor skills, communication skills, social-emotional skills, world knowledge, cognition, language, and literacy. The downside of nursery rhymes is that they also contain gender stereotypes. It is not good for children to hear these stereotypes and grow up believing that women are inferior to men and are passive contrary to men that play an active role and are dominant. In the empirical part of our thesis, we examine selected English nursery rhymes and analyze them. We developed our own coding system, that helped us see what kind of gender stereotypes prevail in English nursery rhymes.
Keywords: gender, sexism, stereotypes, gender stereotypes, nursery rhymes
Published in DKUM: 31.05.2023; Views: 515; Downloads: 33
.pdf Full text (1,10 MB)

3.
Spolni stereotipi v učbenikih angleščine: primerjava dveh izdaj serije učbenikov messages : master's thesis
Veronika Mešić, 2022, master's thesis

Abstract: The Master’s Thesis focuses on gender stereotypes in English language coursebooks with special emphasis on the comparison between two editions of the coursebook series Messages. The analysis of coursebook series consists of descriptive, qualitative, and quantitative analysis of gender stereotypes in the linguistic (text) and visual (photographs, illustrations) forms. The Master’s Thesis classifies gender stereotypes as those instances in which women and men are portrayed stereotypically e. g. in their profession, through physical appearance, assumed binary traits etc. The found stereotypes are represented descriptively and statistically. Both editions of the coursebook series Messages are compared in terms of gender stereotypes in them. The findings of the study show an increase in gender stereotypes in the visual imagery between the two editions, unequal male to female characters ratio, and underrepresentation of women in occupational roles and activities.
Keywords: gender stereotypes, English language textbooks, coursebook analysis, Messages, sexism
Published in DKUM: 09.09.2022; Views: 802; Downloads: 115
.pdf Full text (2,42 MB)

4.
Representation of gender through visual imagery in primary school English textbooks from Slovene and English publishers : master's thesis
Elin Kamenšek Krajnc, 2022, master's thesis

Abstract: Textbooks are the foundation for teaching. Even though the use of interactive online materials is increasing, most teachers base their lessons on printed materials, most frequently textbooks, since these offer well-structured, organized and ready-made materials. However, textbooks also include cultural beliefs and values that impact children’s perception of the world and themselves. This thesis focuses on how textbooks present gender through visual imagery and what message they deliver to developing young individuals that rely on school and textbooks to provide models they can follow. The research is based on a comparison of 8 textbooks – Slovene publisher’s textbooks and those published by English publishing houses – concerning their use of stereotypical and sexist illustrations. We provide a theoretical background to the problem and highlight the importance of school and textbooks for forming gender identity. The empirical part of the thesis offers a descriptive analysis supported by feature coding and shows whether the attempts to eliminate gender differences in the classroom have been successful.
Keywords: textbooks, sex, gender, stereotypes, sexism, illustrations
Published in DKUM: 21.04.2022; Views: 973; Downloads: 78
.pdf Full text (3,84 MB)

5.
Gender Stereotypes in Children's Literature: A Comparative Analysis of the Most Borrowed and Best-Selling Children's Picture Books
Jasmina Dragojlović, 2021, master's thesis

Abstract: Picture books are among the first media where children learn about the world around and inside them. It is thus important that what is presented to them be accurate and cause no harm. However, that is exactly what is happening – children are exposed to certain stereotypes that do not hold true for the men and women, who are attributed these gender stereotypes. When children are taught that men are strong and women are weak, they grow up thinking in that way, which causes even further stereotyping and prejudice to occur. In this thesis, I consider why it is important to expose children to diverse plots and characters which differ from stereotypes of female caretakers, mothers, and teachers, and strong, male money-makers. It is not only female characters that are painted negatively, but also the male characters who are sometimes painted as absent fathers. This thesis offers an empirical approach through descriptive analysis and feature coding, supported by a theoretical background. It is imperative to call attention to work that is not appropriate for our siblings, children and students. It is our responsibility to provide them with good quality literature that paints the world as it should be – egalitarian—or at least, as it currently is.
Keywords: Gender, stereotypes, children, picture books, sexism.
Published in DKUM: 11.11.2021; Views: 1648; Downloads: 139
.pdf Full text (1,63 MB)

6.
Gender stereotypes in fairy tales – a case study comparison of Beauty and the Beast
Danijela Vrhovac, 2019, master's thesis

Abstract: This master thesis deals with gender stereotypes in fairy tales and focuses on the story of the Beauty and the Beast and its movie and animated adaptations. The theoretical part is based on the history and development of fairy tales and ensures the explanations of the terms gender, gender stereotype, and sexism. The practical part is . based on the analysis of the two movie adaptations of the Beauty and the Beast: the live-action movie (2017) and the animated film (1991) . The aim of this thesis is to analyze typically stereotyped portrayals of the male and female characters in this particular fairy tale adaptations and furthermore analyze the differences between adaptations. The goal of this master thesis is also to find out whether some alterations or major changes connected with the depiction of the main characters and other significant changes in these versions have been made. The results of the comparison show a slight change in the stereotyped portrayal of the characters. The live-action version (2017) shows a more modern depiction of fairy tale gender stereotypes.
Keywords: Beauty and the Beast, fairy tale, gender stereotypes, gender, linguistic sexism.
Published in DKUM: 30.08.2019; Views: 2373; Downloads: 329
.pdf Full text (1,59 MB)

7.
Representation of Gender in Books for the English Reading Competitions in First and Second Triad of Primary School
Nadja Kotnik, 2018, master's thesis

Abstract: The purpose of the MA thesis was to analyse 21 easy readers in terms of gender. The easy readers included in the analysis appeared on one of the two reading lists for the English reading competitions, EPI reading badge and Bookworms in the academic year 2015/2016. The books were examined with quantitative, qualitative and linguistic analysis with the aim of revealing gender bias and stereotyping in the characterization of male and female characters. An initial overview of the sample revealed great diversity in the sample – almost half the sample represented re-written versions of older books, while the other half were books with original plots or adaptations based on recent films. With regard to quantitative analysis, an underrepresentation of female characters was identified in the text as well as the illustrations. In general, males predominated in every category that we quantitatively analysed, but there were a few books where this was not the case. The qualitative and linguistic analysis provided mixed results. There were some newer easy readers where progress in terms of defying gender stereotypes and discrimination was noticeable, but some older books expressed evident gender bias.
Keywords: gender, easy readers, gender stereotypes, gender roles, English reading competitions, linguistic analysis, content analysis, semiotic analysis
Published in DKUM: 20.11.2018; Views: 1307; Downloads: 95
.pdf Full text (2,42 MB)

8.
Stereotypes of older employees compared to younger employees in Slovenian companies
Maja Rožman, Sonja Treven, Vesna Čančer, 2016, original scientific article

Abstract: Human resource management has an important impact on age diversity in companies. Age diversity in the workplace is growing and older employees are staying longer in the workforce, therefore it is important that employers can create a positive environment for age diverse employees. This paper introduces the difference in stereotypes in the workplace between older and younger employees in Slovenian companies. The main goal of this paper is to present the importance of age diversity and their age difference in stereotypes in the workplace. The paper is based on a research including a survey between two age groups of employees. We classified younger employees in the group of under 50 years of age and older employees in the group of above 50 years of age. For data analysis we used the non-parametric Mann-Whitney U test to verify the differences in stereotypes in the workplace between two groups. Results show that there are significant differences in all of the variables describing stereotypes in the workplace between younger and older employees in Slovenian companies.
Keywords: employees, company, older employees, young people, stereotypes, Slovenia
Published in DKUM: 04.07.2017; Views: 1492; Downloads: 135
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9.
Exploring stereotypes : Scottish and Slovene jokes in the classroom
Kirsten Hempkin, 2008, original scientific article

Abstract: It is widely accepted that the use of humour and jokes in particular brings a number of benefits to the EFL teacher. Not only can jokes help to establish a relaxed learning atmosphere, they can also serve as a context in which to study particular aspects of grammar, vocabulary and culture. However, jokes based on national and regional stereotypes tend to be ignored by EFL teachers, as their potential to cause offense has seen them deemed unsuitable for classroom use. The purpose of this paper is to present a different perspective: it is precisely the rather risky nature of these jokes which makes them ideal for classroom use, particularly in lessons with the specific aim of raising students' cultural awareness through the exploration of stereotypes.
Keywords: EFL classroom, Scottish jokes, Slovene jokes, stereotypes, cultural awareness
Published in DKUM: 16.05.2017; Views: 1247; Downloads: 199
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10.
Defamiliarization of social norms and breaking stereotypes on autism in The Speed of Dark
Špela Pačnik, 2012, undergraduate thesis

Abstract: Lately there has been a visible increase in the number of fictional autistic characters. These representations of autism, on the one hand, help in spreading the awareness of autism among people, but may also lead to false beliefs about autistic society, on the other. The thesis is an attempt to explore the way Elizabeth Moon represents the autistic mind in her novel The Speed of Dark. I will examine how the literary technique of defamiliarization contributes to her highly realistic portrayal of an individual with autism, especially to the way he perceives social norms. I will also prove that her novel challenges several stereotypes about autism.
Keywords: representations of autism, defamiliarization, social norms, stereotypes
Published in DKUM: 11.06.2012; Views: 2161; Downloads: 105
.pdf Full text (284,99 KB)

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