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Abstract: Amoxicillin (AMX) and Ciprofloxacin (CIP) are antibiotics commonly used in human medicine with high environmental toxicity and poor biodegradability. They have been found in various hospital effluents and groundwater, and their environmental impact is still not fully understood. In this work, we investigated the possibility of treating model wastewaters containing the antibiotics AMX and CIP using ozonation, with the addition of H$_2$O$_2$ under various conditions, including different pH values, H$_2$O$_2$, and ozone dosages. The quantification of and treatment efficacy for antibiotic removal were determined via solid phase extraction followed by chromatographic separation by liquid chromatography coupled with tandem triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS). This analytical system is quite efficient for the detection of all major antibiotic classes, even if they are present at very low concentrations. The efficiency of ozonation was determined by measuring the TOC (Total Organic Carbon) changes after ozonation of the model wastewater and by measuring the concentration of the two antibiotics. In a sequential activated sludge process of ozone-treated model wastewater, almost complete TOC removal and an overwhelming decrease in antibiotic concentrations (up to 99%) were observed. Ozonation resulted in complete removal of AMX and CIP in less than 30 and 120 min, respectively. The results of this work indicate that ozonation could be a suitable pretreatment method to reduce the toxicity of contaminants (AMX and CIP) and improve the biodegradability of hospital wastewater.
Keywords: antibiotics, amoxicillin, AMX, ciprofloxacin, CIP, hospital wastewater, hydrogen peroxide, ozone, sludge, water treatment
Published in DKUM: 06.08.2024; Views: 75; Downloads: 3
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Abstract: Water treatment at Seierstad drinking water treatment plant is done by chemical coagulation using aluminum-based coagulant. The quality of the drinking water source – Lake Farris, has decreased throughout the years, that is why more and more particles, organic matter and dissolved minerals must be removed. That contributes to the volume of sludge being produced at the end of the process. The main objective of the assignment is to reduce sludge volume by coagulation and flocculation in the sedimentation basins using a coagulant/flocculent. In order to choose the right coagulant tests have been performed in the laboratory and on the actual process. The laboratory analyses showed great potential and one of the coagulants has been chosen and tested on the actual process. The testing was followed up for the entire summer of 2016 and then compared to the year before. We have been following the pH and Al3+ content in the water being released back to the environment and visibility in the top water layer in the sedimentation basin. Cost analysis, including the cost of chemicals and electricity usage, has been done. The sludge reduction was successful, and it was approximately 49% less than the year before.
Keywords: Water treatment, lake Farris, sludge treatment using coagulation and flocculation, effects of aluminum on the environment.
Published in DKUM: 09.03.2018; Views: 1569; Downloads: 143
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