1. Metallisation of textiles and protection of conductive layers: An overview of application techniquesAlenka Ojstršek, Olivija Plohl, Selestina Gorgieva, Manja Kurečič, Urška Jančič, Silvo Hribernik, Darinka Fakin, 2021, review article Abstract: The rapid growth in wearable technology has recently stimulated the development of
conductive textiles for broad application purposes, i.e., wearable electronics, heat generators, sensors,
electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding, optoelectronic and photonics. Textile material, which
was always considered just as the interface between the wearer and the environment, now plays
a more active role in different sectors, such as sport, healthcare, security, entertainment, military,
and technical sectors, etc. This expansion in applied development of e-textiles is governed by a
vast amount of research work conducted by increasingly interdisciplinary teams and presented
systematic review highlights and assesses, in a comprehensive manner, recent research in the field of
conductive textiles and their potential application for wearable electronics (so called e-textiles), as
well as development of advanced application techniques to obtain conductivity, with emphasis on
metal-containing coatings. Furthermore, an overview of protective compounds was provided, which
are suitable for the protection of metallized textile surfaces against corrosion, mechanical forces,
abrasion, and other external factors, influencing negatively on the adhesion and durability of the
conductive layers during textiles’ lifetime (wear and care). The challenges, drawbacks and further
opportunities in these fields are also discussed critically.
Keywords: metallization, conductive textiles, e-textiles, coatings techniques, protective coatings, durability
Published in DKUM: 16.06.2025; Views: 0; Downloads: 5
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2. Synergic effect of large MXene nanosheets and protective coatings on improved electroconductivity and wash durability of MXene/polymer-modified cotton fabricLaura Jug, Silvo Hribernik, Alenka Ojstršek, 2025, original scientific article Abstract: E-textiles and their wearable analogues are finding applications in a myriad of sectors, ranging from sensors to health and sports applications. The development of a truly functional and reusable textile substrate presents a challenging task; its design encompasses the fabrication of optimal functional conductive particles, as well as devising strategies for their application that will ensure their functional properties (e.g. conductivity) are retained in an undiminished state for a foreseeable period. In the presented study, we tackled these two aspects in an interdependent way: i) The enhancement of the electrical conductivity of MXene-modified cotton fabric by increasing the lateral size of nanosheets during the Ti3C2TX synthesis, and ii) The improvement of washing durability of MXenes on the fabric surface by selecting suitable protective coatings. The results of Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), X-ray powder Diffraction (XRD), Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) revealed the successful synthesis of large and stable MXene nanosheets with ultrathin flakelike nanostructures, high colloidal stability and delamination yields. Using multiple application procedures of dipping and drying, the MXene nanosheets formed extensive adhesion areas on the cotton fabric and overlapped the fibre pores, thus reducing the interfacial resistance between the sheets and improving the coating uniformity and, consequently, increasing electrical conductivity. Weaker adhesion and depletion of large nanosheets were further effectively prevented by protective polymer coatings. The MXene-coated/protected fabrics had sufficient electrical conductivity, even after 20 laundering cycles. Moreover, the surface hydrophobicity was negligibly reduced, preventing water accessibility and, thus, increasing the oxidation stability of the applied MXenes.
Keywords: Ti3C2TX MXene, synthesis parameters, cotton fabric, electrical conductivity, protective coatings, washing durability
Published in DKUM: 10.03.2025; Views: 0; Downloads: 14
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