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Sinteza makroporoznih kroglic na osnovi ionsko-nabitih monomerov z uporabo multiplih-emulzij in njihova uporaba kot adsorbentov za odstranjevanje težkih kovin : magistrsko delo
Irena Abramović, 2022, master's thesis

Abstract: V magistrski nalogi smo sintetizirali visokoporozne polielektrolitne polimere v obliki monolitov in kroglic, imenovane poliHIPE materiali. PoliHIPE monolite smo pripravili z emulzijsko polimerizacijo, medtem ko smo kroglice pripravili s sedimentacijsko polimerizacijo multiplih emulzij. Oba tipa polielektrolitnih adsorbentov sta bila na osnovi 2-akrilamido-2-metilpropansulfonske kisline (AMPS) in akrilamida (AAM). Prisotnost porozne morfologije smo analizirali z elektronsko vrstično mikroskopijo (SEM), kemijsko in elementno sestavo pa z infra-rdečo (FTIR) spektroskopijo in elementno analizo. V nadaljevanju smo raziskali adsorpcijske lastnosti in kinetiko adsorpcije PAMPS poliHIPE materialov. Preučevali smo, kako oblika (monolit v primerjavi s kroglicam), količina ionskih skupin (PAMPS 100 in PAMPS 50) ter poroznost vplivajo na adsorpcijske procese. Za primerjavo vpliva poroznosti, smo uporabili ne-porozne, komercialno dostopne kroglice na osnovi sulfoniranega polistirena. Pripravili smo modelne raztopine cinkovih (Zn(NO3)2), železovih (Fe(NO3)3) in aluminijevih (Al(NO3)3) ionov, ter spremljali proces adsorpcije kot funkcijo časa. Za ta namen smo uporabili emisijsko atomsko spektrometrijo (FAAS). Izkazalo se je, da spremenjeno število ionskih skupin ni tako zelo vplivalo na hitrost adsorpcije, saj je bila le-ta zelo podobna pri obeh tipih monolita (PAMPS 100M in PAMPS 50M) kot tudi kroglic (PAMPS 100K in PAMPS 50K). Rezultati so pokazali, da sta oblika in poroznost vplivala na hitrost adsorpcije. Adsorpcija v primeru kroglic je potekla hitreje kot pri uporabi monolita (vpliv oblike), prav tako pa je bila adsropcija hitrejša v primeru poroznih kroglic kot pri neporoznih komercialnih kroglicah (vpliv poroznosti). S pomočjo enačb za linearizirana modela psevdo-prvega reda in psevdo-drugega reda, smo določili po katerem modelu je potekala adsorpcija vsakega adsorbenta v vseh treh raztopinah kovin. Adsorpcijske lastnosti in kinetiko adsorpcije smo spremljali tudi pri višjih temperaturah, 35 °C in 50 °C ter izračunali kateremu kinetičnemu modelu sledijo.
Keywords: PoliHIPE, polielektroliti, multiple emulzije, težke kovine, adsorpcija, kinetika
Published in DKUM: 06.01.2023; Views: 742; Downloads: 54
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Aryl acrylate porous functional polymer supports from water-in-oil-in-water multiple emulsions
Dejan Štefanec, Peter Krajnc, 2007, original scientific article

Abstract: Porous functional polymer supports are a class of material of wide interest due to the possibility of immobilising reactive species. A simplified procedure was applied for the preparation of porous polymer supports using a water-in-oil-in-water multiple emulsion. The primary emulsion was a high internal phase emulsion, having a volume fraction of water phase up to 95%. Two reactive acrylates, namely 4-nitrophenyl acrylate and 2,4,6-trichlorophenyl acrylate, were (separately) incorporated in the oil phase in order to obtain porous reactive polymer supports. Both acrylates were crosslinked with either divinylbenzene or ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, and beads of size ca 60 m were obtained after the polymerisation of droplets suspended into the secondary aqueous phase. In the case of 4-nitrophenyl acrylate and divinylbenzene as a crosslinker, particles with a star shape, the core being ca 60 m in diameter and the arms ca 180 m in length, were obtained. The polymers were functionalised with morpholine, tris(2-aminoethyl)amine, piperidine or piperazine yielding supports with loadings of reactive groups of between 2.6 and 6.6 mmol g-1. The results show that multiple emulsions can be precursors for porous polymer preparation.
Keywords: multiple emulzije, polimerni nosilci, HIPE, organska sinteza na trdni fazi, polimerni lovilci, emulzija z visokim deležem notranje faze, aril akrilati, multiple emulsions, polymer supports, HIPE, solid phase organic synthesis, polymer supported scavengers, high internal phase emulsions, arylacrylates
Published in DKUM: 31.05.2012; Views: 2945; Downloads: 115
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