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Abstract: Standardni kriteriji za diagnozo raka prostate mnogokrat niso zadostni, da bi predvideli potek in izhod te pogoste bolezni. Vrednotenje molekularnih tkivnih označevalcev, še posebej tistih, ki označujejo apoptozo in proliferacijo, integrirani v matematični model, lahko pridonese k boljšemu razumevanju razvoja in patogeneze te bolezni; nadalje tudi k izboru oz. določitvi adekvatne terapije in bi odprlo tudi nove perspektive v iskanju novih terapij.
Keywords: matematični model, rak prostate, tkivni označevalec, p53, bcl-2, CD105, mathematical model, prostate cancer, tissue marker, p53, bcl-2, CD105
Published in DKUM: 28.01.2025; Views: 0; Downloads: 18
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Abstract: Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a complex multifactorial disease of epidemic proportions. It involves genetic and lifestyle factors that lead to dysregulations in hormone secretion and metabolic homeostasis. Accumulating evidence indicates that altered mitochondrial structure, function, and particularly bioenergetics of cells in different tissues have a central role in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus. In the present study, we explore how mitochondrial dysfunction impairs the coupling between metabolism and exocytosis in the pancreatic alpha and beta cells. We demonstrate that reduced mitochondrial ATP production is linked with the observed defects in insulin and glucagon secretion by utilizing computational modeling approach. Specifically, a 30-40% reduction in alpha cells' mitochondrial function leads to a pathological shift of glucagon secretion, characterized by oversecretion at high glucose concentrations and insufficient secretion in hypoglycemia. In beta cells, the impaired mitochondrial energy metabolism is accompanied by reduced insulin secretion at all glucose levels, but the differences, compared to a normal beta cell, are the most pronounced in hyperglycemia. These findings improve our understanding of metabolic pathways and mitochondrial bioenergetics in the pathology of type 2 diabetes mellitus and might help drive the development of innovative therapies to treat various metabolic diseases.
Keywords: pancreatic endocrine cells, mathematical model, mitochondrial dysfunction, cellular bioenergetics, diabetes, glucagon, insulin
Published in DKUM: 03.09.2024; Views: 47; Downloads: 16
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Abstract: Digital technologies provide a convenient way for the public to participate in environmental governance. Therefore, by means of a two-stage evolutionary model, a new mechanism for promoting public cooperation is proposed to accomplish environmental collaborative governance. Interactive effects of government-enterprise environmental governance are firstly explored, which is the external atmosphere for public behaviour. Second, the evolutionary dynamics of public behaviour is analysed to reveal the internal mechanism of the emergence of public cooperation in environmental collaborative governance projects. Simulations reveal that the interaction of resource elements between government and enterprise is an important basis for environmental governance performance, and that governments can improve this as well as public cooperation by increasing the marginal governance propensity. Similarly, an increase in the government's fixed expenditure item of environmental governance can also significantly improve government-enterprise performance and public cooperation. And finally, the effect of government's marginal incentive propensity on public environmental governance is moderated by enterprises' marginal environmental governance propensity, so that simply increasing the government's marginal incentive propensity cannot improve the evolutionary stable state of public behaviour under the scenario where enterprises’ marginal environmental governance propensity is low.
Keywords: game theory, human behaviour, cooperation, mathematical model, common goods
Published in DKUM: 28.05.2024; Views: 219; Downloads: 15
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Abstract: With in-depth geomechanical analyses of sub-level mining using the longwall mining method we can identify the relationships between the physical and mechanical parameters of geological materials, depending on the intensity of the coal extraction. The extent and the intensity of the mining operations impose impacts on the stresses and cause deformation changes in the rocks and in the coal seams on a broader area of excavations. The method of sub-level coal extraction requires multi-caving of the hanging-wall layers, which are recompressed, and in sub-level stoping each represents a hanging wall. The repeating processes of caving-in and compression, from the aspect of the theory of plasticity, have been relatively little researched because every such process brings about structural changes in natural, multi-caved and recompressed materials in the hanging wall. The intensity of the coal extraction has direct impacts on the surrounding and distant mining areas. Extensive stress and deformation changes in the surrounding area, and in the mine, represent a safety hazard for the employees, since the supporting system in the mine roadway could collapse. Therefore, a controlled excavation of the coal, and a good understanding of the geomechanical properties of all the materials and processes involved, is extremely important for planning and managing economic production, while also ensuring safe mining operations. A numerical model that allows for in-depth analyses of the geomechanical processes that occur in the hanging wall, the footwall and in the coal seam during sub-level coal excavation, is broadly applicable and highly relevant for analysing the intensity and the level of the caving processes in sub-level coal mining, and for making realistic plans for coal excavation with workers’ safety in mind.
Keywords: coal mining, sub-level mining method, longwall coal mining method, carving processes, finite-difference method, FLAC, mathematical model
Published in DKUM: 11.06.2018; Views: 1117; Downloads: 100
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Abstract: This paper discusses the influence of the clearance in joints on the joint reaction forces in mechanisms. By using mathematical programming, the optimal parameters of kinematic chains can be efficiently obtained by using the deterministic approach. However, the situation becomes more sophisticated if random effects of tolerances of the arm lengths and the random pin positions have to be considered. In this work the influence of clearances on joint forces is calculated by using the Taylor approximation and the Monte Carlo method. The implementation of the model is illustrated with two examples. The first example considers a closed loop chain, representing a four-bar mechanism being an actual part of a hydraulic support, employed in mining industry. The second example considers joint reaction forces of car wiper mechanism.
Keywords: joint forces, kinematic chain, mathematical programming, stochastic model
Published in DKUM: 12.07.2017; Views: 1024; Downloads: 438
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