1. Periodic arrays of chiral domains generated from the self-assembly of micropatterned achiral lyotropic chromonic liquid crystalGeonhyeong Park, Simon Čopar, Ahram Suh, Minyong Yang, Uroš Tkalec, Dong Ki Yoon, 2020, original scientific article Abstract: Achiral building blocks forming achiral structures is a common occurrence in nature, while chirality emerging spontaneously from an achiral system is usually associated with important scientific phenomena. We report on the spontaneous chiral symmetry-breaking phenomena upon the topographic confinement of achiral lyotropic chromonic liquid crystals in periodically arranged micrometer scale air pillars. The anisotropic fluid arranges into chiral domains that depend on the arrangement and spacing of the pillars. We characterize the resulting domains by polarized optical microscopy, support their reconstruction by numerical calculations, and extend the findings with experiments, which include chiral dopants. Well-controlled and addressed chiral structures will be useful in potential applications like programmable scaffolds for living liquid crystals and as sensors for detecting chirality at the molecular level.
Keywords: physical chemistry, atmospheric chemistry, chromatography, deformation, silicon, symmetry breaking, chiral domains, liquid crystal
Published in DKUM: 03.04.2025; Views: 0; Downloads: 1
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2. A review of analytical techniques for the determination of e-liquid and electronic cigarette aerosol compositionMatjaž Rantaša, David Majer, Matjaž Finšgar, 2025, review article Abstract: Since the introduction of electronic cigarettes (ECs) to the global market, the composition of e-liquids has been a controversial topic. While some consider ECs to be an effective tool for quitting smoking, their primary criticism lies in the uncertain and varied composition of e-liquids. Manufacturers create the desired formulations by mixing different ratios of humectants, flavorings, nicotine, cannabinoids, and cooling agents. However, the health effects of inhaling these compounds are still not well understood. Regular analytical control of e-liquids and aerosols is crucial to gain valuable insights into e-liquid composition, generating new compounds during aerosolization, and the potential impact on human health. This work presents an overview of the analytical techniques used for the qualitative and quantitative determination of e-liquid and aerosol compounds, including a description of the methods used for aerosol collection. Gas and liquid chromatography are the most used analytical techniques for compound determination, followed by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Additionally, inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry and inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectroscopy are the most frequently used analytical techniques for elemental determination in e-liquids and their aerosols.
Keywords: electronic cigarettes, e-liquids, aerosol, gas chromatography, high-performance liquid chromatography, inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry
Published in DKUM: 21.03.2025; Views: 0; Downloads: 2
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4. Determination of topiramate in human plasma using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometryTanja Vnučec, Lea Cvitkovič-Maričič, Helena Prosen, Darinka Brodnjak-Vončina, 2013, original scientific article Abstract: The LC-MS/MS method for determination of the anti-epileptic drug topiramate (TPM) in human plasma was developed and validated for pharmacokinetic and bioequivalence study purposes. For quantitative determination of TPM values the method with deuterated internal standard (topiramate-d12) and liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry was used. TPM was extracted from the human plasma using the solid-phase extraction procedure on a Strata X extraction column. Negative ions were monitored in the selected reaction monitoring mode (SRM) and transitions m/z 338.2 > 78.2 and m/z 350.3 > 78.2 were used for the quantitative evaluation of TPM and the internal standard, respectively. The results obtained from validation were statistically evaluated according to the requirements of European Medicines Agency (EMA) and Food and Drug Administration (FDA) regulatory guidelines. The linearity of the method was checked within a concentration range from 10 to 2000 ng/mL. Successful validation confirmed that this method is precise, accurate, sensitive and therefore suitable for determination of topiramate plasma levels in pharmacokinetic and bioequivalence studies.
Keywords: topiramate, liquid chromatography tandem mass spectroscopy, human plasma, bioequivalence study
Published in DKUM: 18.08.2017; Views: 1609; Downloads: 103
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5. Determination of candesartan in human plasma with liquid chromatography - tandem mass spectrometryVanja Forjan, Lea Cvitkovič-Maričič, Helena Prosen, Darinka Brodnjak-Vončina, 2016, original scientific article Abstract: A sensitive, specific and rapid liquid chromatography - tandem mass spectrometry method was developed and validated for the determination of candesartan in human plasma. Analyte was separated from endogenous components present in plasma by solid phase extraction. Chromatographic separation was performed on Gemini C18 analytical column using mobile phase acetonitrile – 5 mM ammonium formate pH 2 (90:10, v/v) at flow rate of 0.3 mL/min. For detection, tandem mass spectrometry in SRM mode with positive electrospray ionization was used. The mass transitions m/z 441.1 > 263.1 and 445.1 > 267.1 were used to determine candesartan by using candesartan-d4 as an internal standard. After development, the method was validated according to the requirements of EMA regulatory guidelines in the concentration range 1 - 400 ng/ml in human plasma. Limit of quantification (LLOQ) was 1 ng/ml. The developed and validated method proved to be very fast and reproducible and was therefore successfully implemented in pharmacokinetic and bioequivalence studies with large number of study samples.
Keywords: candesartan, liquid chromatography, tandem mass spectrometry, human plasma
Published in DKUM: 17.08.2017; Views: 1548; Downloads: 391
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7. Chiral discrimination in mobile phases for HPLCRenato Lukač, Andrew J. Clark, Syma Khalid, Alison Rodger, Alan Snedden, P. Mark Rodger, 2002, original scientific article Abstract: In this paper we present an algorithm and some preliminary results of a computer simulation study designed to elucidate the molecular interaction mechanisms associated with chiral discrimination in chiral high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Molecular dynamics simulations have been performed on a novel active stationary phase constituent based on disaccharides and a model analyte in a typical solvent used as mobile phase in chiral HPLC. The results are interpreted in terms of typical binding geometries and energies found from the simulations. This paper provides basic algorithms for predicting enantiometric selectivity and for investigating the implications for choice of parameters such as solvent polarity and temperature for optimising chiral HPLC separations
Keywords: physical chemistry, liquid crystals, liquid chromatography, computer simulations, spectroscopy
Published in DKUM: 07.06.2012; Views: 2183; Downloads: 60
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