1. The distribution of minerals in crucial plant parts of various elderberry (Sambucus spp.) interspecific hybridsNataša Imenšek, Vilma Sem, Mitja Kolar, Anton Ivančič, Janja Kristl, 2021, original scientific article Abstract: In view of growing requirements of the food industry regarding elderberries (genusSambucus), a need to increase their productivity and improve their chemical composition has emerged.With this purpose in mind, numerous elderberry interspecific hybrids have been created. In thepresent work, the content of minerals in their crucial plant parts was studied. It was also investigatedwhether superior genotypes regarding the mineral composition of berries and inflorescences could bepredicted at early stages of plant development. The results showed that elderberry leaves containedthe highest amounts of Ca, Mg, Mn, Zn, and Sr, while K and P were predominant in fruit stalks.Fe and Al prevailed in roots and Cu in bark. Although berries showed lower mineral contentcompared to other plant parts, their mineral content is not negligible and could be comparable toother commonly consumed berries. Genotypes with a favorable mineral content of inflorescencesand berries could be predicted on the basis of known mineral composition of their shoots and leaves.The study also indicates thatS. nigragenotypes and the majority of interspecific hybrids analyzedare suitable for further genetic breeding or cultivation. Keywords: interspecific hybrids, minerals, plant parts, elderberry, Sambucus Published in DKUM: 20.08.2024; Views: 70; Downloads: 9
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2. Antioxidant activity of elderberry fruits during maturationNataša Imenšek, Janja Kristl, Tadeja Kraner Šumenjak, Anton Ivančič, 2021, original scientific article Abstract: Antioxidant activity (AOA) in fruits of Sambucus nigra and several new elderberry interspecific hybrids involving S. javanica (JA), S. nigra subsp. nigra (NI), S. nigra subsp. nigra ‘Black Beauty’ (BB), S. nigra subsp. cerulea (CER) and S. racemosa (S. racemosa subsp. racemosa (RAC), S. racemosa subsp. racemosa var. miquelii (MIQ), S. racemosa subsp. tigranii (TIG), S. racemosa subsp. kamtschatica—coreana (KOR) at five maturity stages were investigated by applying DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl), ABTS (2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)), FRAP (ferric reducing antioxidant power) and ORAC (oxygen radical absorption capacity) assays. The aim of the study was to compare different assays for estimating AOA in elderberries, to plan the appropriate harvest time and to determine whether the most promising genotypes could be predicted in advance. All assays used showed that AOA increased significantly during maturation. All assays were significantly correlated with each other and could be reliably used for the AOA determination of elderberries. In fully mature berries, significant correlations were also found between total phenolic (TP) content and AOA by all assays, but no significant correlations were found between total ascorbic acid (TAA) content and AOA by all assays. At the fully mature stage, (the most appropriate stage for harvesting), berries of (JA × NI) × BB and (JA × NI) × MIQ were found to be superior in AOA and TP content. Genotypes with higher/lower AOA and TP content could not be predicted in advance, while TAA showed the opposite. Keywords: Sambucus, interspecific hybrids, maturation, ABTS, DPPH, ORAC, FRAP, total phenolic content, ascorbic acid, correlations Published in DKUM: 20.08.2024; Views: 80; Downloads: 10
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3. The variation of F2 progenies derived from interspecific crosses between Phaseolus vulgaris and Phaseolus coccineusAnton Ivančič, Metka Šiško, 2003, original scientific article Abstract: Interspecific hybridisation within the genus Phaseolus represents an importantsource of genetic variation which can be very useful in breeding programmes based on recurrent selection. The aim of this investigation was to analyse the phenotypic variation and relationships among the most important quantitative traits in F2 generation materials derived from crosses P. vulgaris x P. coccienus. P. vulgaris was used as female while P. coccineus as male parent. The F2 material was composed of 825 individuals which originated from open pollination of 65 F1 plants. The most variable quantitative trait was the number of flowers per inflorescence, which varied from 0 to 57 (CV=45,8 %). The second was the inflorescence length which varied from 2.5 to 74 cm (CV=39,0 %). The highest value (CV=70.4 %) was obtained for floral colour (a qualitative trait which was transformed into a special numerical scale).The correlation analysis showed that there were close relationships among the number of leaves, number of flowers, number of pods, number of seedsand the length of the growth period. For practical breeding, the most useful is probably the correlation between the number of inflorescences and the number of seeds per plant (r=0.503 and 0.560) because the number of inflorescences can be easily determined at the beginning of the hybridisation period, and the number of seeds is more or less directly associated with the yield. For the final visual selection, at the end of the vegetation period, the most useful trait is the number of pods, which is highly correlated with the number of seeds (r=0.740 and 0.916) Keywords: interspecific hybrids, Phaseolus vulgaris x P. coccineus, hybridisation technique, phenotypic variation, phenotypic correlation coefficients Published in DKUM: 10.07.2015; Views: 1584; Downloads: 44
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