1. Advancing intelligent toolpath generation: A systematic review of CAD–CAM integration in Industry 4.0 and 5.0Marko Simonič, Iztok Palčič, Simon Klančnik, 2025, original scientific article Abstract: This systematic literature review investigates advancements in intelligent computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD–CAM) integration and toolpath generation, analyzing their evolution across Industry 4.0 and emerging Industry 5.0 (I5.0) paradigms. Using the theory–contextcharacteristics–methodology framework, the study synthesizes 51 peer-reviewed studies (from 2000 to 2025) to map theoretical foundations, industrial applications, technical innovations, and methodological trends. Findings reveal that artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning dominate research, driving breakthroughs in feature recognition, adaptive toolpath optimization, and predictive maintenance. However, human-centric frameworks central to I5.0, such as socio-technical collaboration, remain underexplored. High-precision sectors (aerospace, biomedical) lead adoption, while small and medium enterprises (SMEs) lag due to resource constraints. Technologically, AI-driven automation and STEP-NC standards show promise, yet interoperability gaps persist due to fragmented data models and legacy systems. Methodologically, AI-based modeling prevails (49 % of studies), but experimental validation and socio-technical frameworks are sparse. Key gaps include limited real-time adaptability, insufficient AI training datasets, and slow adoption of sustainable practices. The review highlights the urgent need for standardized data exchange protocols, scalable solutions for SMEs, and human-AI collaboration models to align CAD–CAM integration with I5.0’s
Keywords: CAD–CAM integration, Industry 4.0, Industry 5.0, toolpath optimization, AI, theory–context–characteristics–methodology (TCCM)
Published in DKUM: 09.12.2025; Views: 0; Downloads: 7
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2. Relations between teachers' technology integration within ICAP modes with moderation effects : international perspectiveBranko Anđić, Mirjana Maričić, Soeharto Soeharto, Filiz Mumcu, Robert Weinhandl, Zsolt Lavicza, Andreja Špernjak, Lukáš Rokos, Jan Vondruška, Andrej Šorgo, 2025, original scientific article Abstract: This international study used the Interactive-Constructive-Active-Passive (ICAP) framework to examine the relations between teachers' integration of technology (TI) within different forms of learning/engaging modes. This study also explores how teacher age, experience, gender, and social background relate to these ICAP modes. Data were collected from 2978 teachers from seven European countries and analysed through Covariance-Based Structural Equation (CBSEM) using MPLUS 8 software. The main findings of this study show strong relations among passive, active, constructive, and interactive learning/engaging modes. A notable finding is that teaching experience and socio-economic context significantly influence these TI patterns, which indicate a pronounced shift from passive to active mode among novice teachers and that teachers in lower-ICT contexts face additional barriers. These and other results are discussed in this paper.
Keywords: integration of technology, digital technologies
Published in DKUM: 21.11.2025; Views: 0; Downloads: 6
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3. OpenHENS: an open-source tool for heat exchanger network synthesisKeegan Keysers Hall, Andreja Nemet, Zdravko Kravanja, Timothy Gordon Walmsley, 2026, original scientific article Abstract: The synthesis of heat exchanger networks (HENs) is an NP hard problem, made even more difficult by the requirement of commercial software licenses and coding ability. This paper introduces OpenHENS, a first-of-itskind open-source tool for HEN synthesis. In the literature, HEN synthesis based on mathematical programming almost exclusively relies on commercial MINLP (mixed-integer non-linear programming) solvers (e.g., BARON, Gurobi, etc.). Open source MINLP solvers, in contrast, lack the robustness, scalability and quality that are the hallmarks of commercial solvers. To overcome this challenge, OpenHENS embeds a novel three-step synthesis method that gradually increases the complexity of the model. The first two steps identify economically viable and thermodynamically feasible heat exchanger matches, removing the non-viable matches and reducing the problem size. In the third step, numerous HEN designs are obtained by evolving promising networks to obtain families of near-optimal solutions. OpenHENS was tested on thirteen benchmark problems and seven of the solutions were within 2 % of the total annualised cost (TAC) best-known solutions from literature. In eleven of the benchmark problems, OpenHENS returned more than 10 unique networks within 2 % of the best solution, enabling the engineer to select the most practical design with minimal cost difference. OpenHENS demonstrates that open-source software, when developed correctly, offers comparable performance to commercial software while promoting greater accessibility in industry.
Keywords: heat exchanger network, process integration, optimization, mathematical programming, open source, Phyton
Published in DKUM: 03.11.2025; Views: 0; Downloads: 2
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4. Assessment of harmonic distortion in school buildings equipped with grid-connected PV systemsFranjo Pranjić, 2025, professional article Abstract: The integration of photovoltaic systems into power grids can impact power quality, particularly concerning voltage and current harmonics. This study investigates the power quality of a photovoltaic system integrated into the electrical system of an educational facility, focusing on harmonic distortion in both voltage and current. Comprehensive measurements were conducted across three phases and analysed according to the EN 50160 and IEEE 519 Standards. The results demonstrated that, while the voltage quality meets EN 50160 requirements consistently, indicating stable voltage levels, the current measurements revealed significant harmonic distortion. Notably, Phase 2 exhibited Total Harmonic Distortion values substantially above the acceptable limits, with Phase 1 and Phase 3 also showing elevated Total Harmonic Distortion. To address these issues, the study recommends the implementation of advanced harmonic filters and optimisation of inverter technologies. These measures are crucial for enhancing power quality, and ensuring compliance with the industry Standards in high photovoltaic penetration scenarios.
Keywords: power quality analysis, grid-connected PV systems, EN 50160 standard, IEEE 519 Standard, IEC 61000 standard, voltage harmonics, current harmonics, harmonic distortion, renewable energy integration, compliance assessment
Published in DKUM: 01.10.2025; Views: 0; Downloads: 2
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5. Proposed law for the European health data space in contextFilip Křepelka, 2023, original scientific article Abstract: Analysing electronic health records could improve medicine, but personal data protection impedes this research. The European Health Data Space shall unleash these data. The focus now shifts on how best to balance this effort while at the same time protecting patients' privacy and autonomy. Still, we need to address the reality. Research on images, laboratory results and prescriptions will be easy, as they are electronic. However, the written core of health records is not structured, and establishing summaries for all patients is challenging. Regulations instead of directives are a laudable solution to help simplify the situation. Nonetheless, new challenges emerge with the co-existence of supranational and national frameworks if the former is to have far-reaching ambitions.
Keywords: healthcare, privacy, health records, EU integration, COVID-19
Published in DKUM: 28.08.2025; Views: 0; Downloads: 8
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6. Job- and person-related antecedents of positive and negative cognitive–affective involvement in work during leisure time : a moderated mediation modelAndrea Noja, Sara Tement, Bettina Kubicek, 2024, original scientific article Abstract: Employees are increasingly involved in work during their leisure time through positive and negative cognitions and emotions (e.g., think positively, feel enthusiastic, ruminate, or worry about work). The so-called positive cognitive–affective involvement may increase work-related well-being, whereas negative cognitive–affective involvement may result in impaired work-related well-being. Although there is evidence on the (work-related) consequences of positive and negative cognitive–affective involvement, the job-related (i.e., job autonomy) and person-related (i.e., cognitive flexibility) antecedents of cognitive–affective involvement are less understood. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the interactive effects of job autonomy as a job-related antecedent and cognitive flexibility as a person-related antecedent on positive and negative cognitive–affective involvement and on subsequent work-related well-being (i.e., work engagement, emotional exhaustion, cynicism). Using a three-wave time-separated study design, we collected data from 357 employees. Results from structural equation modeling revealed that cognitive flexibility strengthens the relationships between job autonomy and both positive and negative cognitive–affective involvement. Moreover, cognitive flexibility moderates the indirect effects of job autonomy on work-related well-being via positive and negative cognitive–affective involvement. Overall, the findings advance scholarly knowledge about the antecedents and outcomes of positive and negative cognitive–affective involvement.
Keywords: work-life interference, work-home integration, cognitive affective involvment, job authonomy, cognitive flexibility, work-related well-being
Published in DKUM: 18.07.2025; Views: 0; Downloads: 6
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7. Feasibility of a computerized clinical decision support system delivered via a socially assistive robot during grand rounds : a pilot studyValentino Šafran, Urška Smrke, Bojan Ilijevec, Samo Horvat, Vojko Flis, Nejc Plohl, Izidor Mlakar, 2025, original scientific article Abstract: Aims and Objective: The aim of this study was to explore the feasibility, usability and acceptance of integrating Clinical Decision Support Systems with Socially Assistive Robots into hospital grand rounds. Background: Adopting Clinical Decision Support Systems in healthcare faces challenges such as complexity, poor integration with workflows, and concerns about data privacy and quality. Issues such as too many alerts, confusing errors, and difficulty using the technology in front of patients make adoption challenging and prevent it from fitting into daily workflows. Making Clinical Decision Support System simple, intuitive and user-friendly is essential to enable its use in daily practice to improve patient care and decision-making. Methods: This six-month pilot study had two participant groups, with total of 40 participants: a longitudinal intervention group (n =8) and a single-session evaluation group (n=32). Participants were medical doctors at the University Clinical Center Maribor. The intervention involved implementing a Clinical Decision Support System delivered via a Socially Assistive Robot during hospital grand rounds. We developed a system that employed the HL7 FHIR standard for integrating data from hospital monitors, electronic health records, and patient-reported outcomes into a single dashboard. A Pepper-based SAR provided patient specific recommendations through a voice and SAR tablet enabled interface. Key evaluation metrics were assessed using the System Usability Scale (SUS) and the Unified Theory of Acceptance, Use of Technology (UTAUT2) questionnaire, including Effort Expectancy, Performance Expectancy and open ended questions. The longitudinal group used the system for 6 months and completed the assessments twice, after one week and at the end of the study. The single-session group completed the assessment once, immediately after the experiment. Qualitative data were gathered through open-ended questions. Data analysis included descriptive statistics, paired t-tests, and thematic analysis. Results: System usability was rated highly across both groups, with the longitudinal group reporting consistently excellent scores (M =82.08 at final evaluation) compared to the acceptable scores of the single-session group (M =68.96). Extended exposure improved user engagement, reflected in significant increases in Effort Expectancy and Habit over time. Participants found the system enjoyable to use, and while no significant changes were seen in Performance Expectancy, feedback emphasized its efficiency in saving time and improving access to clinical data, supporting its feasibility and acceptability. Conclusions: This research supports the potential of robotic technologies to transform CDSS into more interactive, efficient, and user-friendly tools for healthcare professionals. The paper also suggests further research directions and technical improvements to maximize the impact of innovative technologies in healthcare.
Keywords: clinical decision support systems, clinical decision-making, hospital grand rounds, patient data integration, perceived quality of care, socially assistive robots, usability and familiarity, user experience questionnaire, workload reduction
Published in DKUM: 30.05.2025; Views: 0; Downloads: 5
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8. Integration of an absorption chiller to a process applying the pinch analysis approachAndreja Nemet, Zdravko Kravanja, Miloš Bogataj, 2022, original scientific article Abstract: In addition to the consumption of hot utilities, there is also a significant cost associated
with the consumption of cold utilities when there is a high demand for cooling. A promising
solution for cooling is an absorption chiller (AC), which uses heat instead of electricity for cooling.
A thermodynamic approach for evaluating AC integrated with a process is presented in this work.
A model for assessing the properties and duties of an AC cycle was developed. The integration of
a combined process-AC system was evaluated using the Grand Composite Curve. Three different
options of integration were analyzed: (i) above the Pinch, (ii) below the Pinch, and (iii) across the
Pinch. AC represents the combined effect of a heat engine and a heat pump, as the generator together
with the absorber and condenser has the function of a heat engine, while the evaporator combined
with the absorber and condenser mimics the function of a heat pump. The comparison between the
non-integrated and integrated process-AC systems has revealed that the proper placement of AC is
across or below the Pinch and the improper is above the Pinch. If AC was entirely integrated below
the Pinch, the integration would result in a complete (100%) reduction in the consumption of hot
utility for the operation of AC. The most suitable placement of AC with double reduction of hot
utility consumption and complete reduction of both hot and cold utility to operate AC is across the
Pinch due to the pumping of heat through AC from below to above the Pinch.
Keywords: absorption chiller, Pinch analysis, heat integration, low-temperature heat
Published in DKUM: 15.05.2025; Views: 0; Downloads: 9
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10. Synthesis of Heat-Integrated Water Networks Using a Modified Heat Exchanger Network SuperstructureNidret Ibrić, Elvis Ahmetović, Andreja Nemet, Zdravko Kravanja, Ignacio E. Grossmann, 2022, original scientific article Keywords: water network, water integration, heat exchanger network, heat-integrated water network, superstructure optimisation
Published in DKUM: 14.02.2025; Views: 0; Downloads: 12
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