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Abstract: Timely and accurate traffic information is crucial for maintaining safety and efficiency on motorway networks. This research examines time delays in traffic information transmission through intelligent transport systems (ITSs) and cooperative intelligent transport systems (C-ITSs) on the Slovenian motorway network. The aim of the research is to assess the effectiveness of existing notification systems and the impact of time delays on the timely informing of drivers in the event of an accident in a tunnel. Using real-world data from Regional Traffic Center (RCC) in Vransko, manual and automated activations of traffic portals and different update frequencies of the Promet+ mobile application were analyzed during peak hours. Results show that automated activation reduces delays from 34 to 25 s at portals and from 27 to 18 s in the Promet+ app. Continuous updates in the app provided the highest driver coverage, leaving only 15 uninformed drivers in the morning peak and 8 in the afternoon, whereas 60 s update intervals left up to 71 drivers uninformed. These findings highlight the effectiveness of automation and continuous updates in minimizing delays and improving driver awareness. The research contributes by quantifying latency in ITSs and C-ITSs and demonstrating that their combined use offers the most reliable information delivery. Future improvements should focus on hybrid integration of ITS and C-ITS, dynamic update intervals, and infrastructure upgrades to ensure consistent real-time communication, shorter response times, and enhanced motorway safety.
Keywords: intelligent transport systems (ITS), cooperative intelligent transport systems (C-ITS), hybrid communication, traffic information transmission
Published in DKUM: 03.11.2025; Views: 0; Downloads: 11
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Abstract: Voltage supraharmonics present in the electrical grid can trigger chain reactions in grid-connected household and industrial power supplies equipped with Power Factor Correction (PFC). A single source of voltage supraharmonics may significantly increase the current in switching devices with PFC, leading to higher-amplitude disturbances throughout the electrical network. When addressing issues in a real low-voltage (LV) grid, it was observed that activation of a single device emitting supraharmonics caused oscillating currents across all feeders connected to the transformer’s busbars, matching the frequency of the supraharmonic source. To investigate this phenomenon further, the grid voltage containing supraharmonics was replicated in a controlled laboratory environment and used to supply various power electronic devices. The laboratory results closely mirrored those observed in the field. Supraharmonics present in the supply voltage caused current oscillations in the power electronic devices at the same frequency. Moreover, the amplitude of the observed current oscillations increased with the amplitude of the injected supply voltage supraharmonics. In some cases, the root mean square (RMS) value of the current drawn by the power electronic devices doubled, indicating a substantial impact on device behaviour and potential implications for grid stability and energy efficiency.
Keywords: supraharmonics, PFC, solar inverters, PV inverters, hybrid converter
Published in DKUM: 29.10.2025; Views: 0; Downloads: 4
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Abstract: This thesis explores the integration of 2D and 3D visual elements in hybrid animation, with a particular focus on their application within the context of virtual reality (VR). The first section presents a theoretical framework, analyzing the characteristics of 2D and 3D elements and examining hybrid animation techniques used in films such as The Peanuts Movie, Soul, and Spider-Man: Into the Spider-Verse. These case studies were applied in the empirical section, in which a 360° animated shot was created in program Blender by blending both animation styles. The project challenges the traditional boundaries between 2D and 3D animation by employing custom shaders, 2D planes for texture mapping, and VR-specific adjustments to provide a seamless viewer experience. The thesis highlights the technical and artistic challenges of integrating these two forms within an immersive environment, offering new insights into the potential of hybrid animation for storytelling in virtual spaces. Future work could explore advancements in VR interactivity and more dynamic 2D-3D integration techniques.
Keywords: hybrid Animation, CG animation, traditional animation, virtual reality
Published in DKUM: 22.09.2025; Views: 0; Downloads: 6
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Abstract: Mountain resilience is the ability of mountain regions to endure, adapt to, and recover from environmental, climatic, and anthropogenic stressors. Due to their steep topography, extreme weather conditions, and unique biodiversity, these areas are particularly vulnerable to climate change, natural hazards, and human activities. This paper examines how nature-based solutions (NbSs) can strengthen slope stability and geotechnical resilience, with a specific focus on Slovenia’s sub-Alpine regions as a case study representative of the Alps and similar mountain landscapes worldwide. The proposed Climate-Adaptive Resilience Evaluation (CARE) concept integrates geomechanical analysis with geotechnical planning, addressing the impacts of climate change through a systematic causal chain that connects climate hazards, their effects, and resulting consequences. Key factors such as water infiltration, soil permeability, and groundwater dynamics are identified as critical elements in designing timely and effective NbSs. In scenarios where natural solutions alone may be insufficient, hybrid solutions (HbSs) that combine nature-based and conventional engineering methods are highlighted as essential for managing unstable slopes and restoring collapsed geostructures. The paper provides practical examples, including slope stability analyses and reforestation initiatives, to illustrate how to use the CARE concept and how NbSs can mitigate geotechnical risks and promote sustainability. By aligning these approaches with regulatory frameworks and climate adaptation objectives, it underscores the potential for integrating NbSs and HbSs into comprehensive, long-term geotechnical strategies for enhancing mountain resilience.
Keywords: mountain resilience, climate change, nature-based solutions (NbSs), hybrid solutions (HbSs), geotechnical planning, slope stability, landslides
Published in DKUM: 31.03.2025; Views: 0; Downloads: 9
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Abstract: Purpose: This paper aims to define hybrid reality (HyR) as an ongoing process in which artificial intelligence (AI) technology is gradually introduced as an active stakeholder by using reasoning to execute real-life activities. Also, to examine the implications of social responsibility (SR) concepts as featured in the HyR underlying common framework to progress towards the redefinition of global society. Design/methodology/approach: A combination of systemic tools is used to examine and assess the development of HyR. The research is based on evolutionary and learning concepts, leading to the new meta-system development. It also builds upon the viable system model and AI, invoking SR as a conceptual framework. The research is conducted by using a new approach: using system dynamics based interactions modelling, the following two models have been proposed. The state-of-the-art HyR interactions model, examined using SR concepts; and a SR concept-based HyR model, examined using a smart vehicle case. Findings: In the HyR model, interaction asymmetry between stakeholders is identified, possibly leading to pathological behaviour and AI technology learning corruption. To resolve these asymmetry issues, an interaction model based on SR concepts is proposed and examined on the example of an autonomous vehicle transport service. The examination results display significant changes in the conceptual understanding of transport services, their utilisation and data-sharing concepts. Research limitations/implications: As the research proposal is theoretical in nature, the projection may not display a fully holistic perspective and can/should be complemented with empirical research results. Practical implications: For researchers, HyR provides a new paradigm and can thereby articulate potential research frameworks. HyR designers can recognise projected development paths and the resources required for the implication of SR concepts. Individuals and organisations should be aware of their not necessarily passive role in HyR and can therefore use the necessary social force to activate their status. Originality/value: For the first time, to the best of the author’s knowledge, the term HyR is openly elaborated and systemically examined by invoking concepts of SR. The proposed model provides an overview of the current and potential states of HyR and examines the gap between them.
Keywords: artificial intelligence, social responsibility, systems thinking, cybernetics, hybrid reality, interactions model
Published in DKUM: 04.02.2025; Views: 0; Downloads: 243
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