1. Exploring the feasibility of generative AI in persona research : a omparative analysis of large language model-generated and human-crafted personas in obesity researchUrška Smrke, Ana Dimič, Nejc Plohl, Izidor Mlakar, 2025, original scientific article Abstract: This study investigates the perceptions of Persona descriptions generated using three different large language models (LLMs) and qualitatively developed Personas by an expert panel involved in obesity research. Six different Personas were defined, three from the clinical domain and three from the educational domain. The descriptions of Personas were generated using qualitative methods and the LLMs (i.e., Bard, Llama, and ChatGPT). The perception of the developed Personas was evaluated by experts in the respective fields. The results show that, in general, the perception of Personas did not significantly differ between those generated using LLMs and those qualitatively developed by human experts. This indicates that LLMs have the potential to generate a consistent and valid representation of human stakeholders. The LLM-generated Personas were perceived as believable, relatable, and informative. However, post-hoc comparisons revealed some differences, with descriptions generated using the Bard model being in several Persona descriptions that were evaluated most favorably in terms of empathy, likability, and clarity. This study contributes to the understanding of the potential and challenges of LLM-generated Personas. Although the study focuses on obesity research, it highlights the importance of considering the specific context and the potential issues that researchers should be aware of when using generative AI for generating Personas. Keywords: user personas, obesity, large language models, value sensitive design, digital health interventions Published in DKUM: 14.02.2025; Views: 0; Downloads: 0
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2. Well-being and satisfaction of nurses in Slovenian hospitals : a cross-sectional studyMateja Lorber, Sonja Treven, Damijan Mumel, 2020, original scientific article Abstract: Introduction: Well-being is one of the most important factors in whether nurses decide to remain in the nursing profession. This study aims to examine well-being and satisfaction among nurses working in Slovenian hospitals and to identify the related demographic factors.
Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study uses standardised instruments. The sample included 640 nurses working in Slovenian hospitals. The difference between individual variables were analysed using the Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis tests.
Results: Nurses self-assessed their satisfaction and well-being as moderate. Forty-seven per cent of nurses were satisfied with their job, 49% assessed their psychological well-being as good, 52% were often exposed to stress at the workplace and 30% were always exposed to stress at the workplace. Levels of job satisfaction (p=0.031), psychological well-being (p=0.029) and subjective well-being (p=0.014) were found to differ significantly according to level of education, while levels of job satisfaction (p=0.005), life satisfaction (p<0.001), psychological well-being (p<0.001) and subjective well-being (p<0.001) were also found to differ according to years of nursing service and from hospital to hospital (p<0.001).
Conclusions: The key finding of the study is that nurses are moderately satisfied with their work and life and that they display moderate levels of psychological and subjective well-being. Hospitals can be successful and achieve the goals of the organisation if their employees are satisfied with work and enjoy good levels of well-being. Hospital management have to recognise the importance of ensuring that nurses and other employees are satisfied and healthy. Keywords: hospitals, nurses, satisfaction, health Published in DKUM: 28.01.2025; Views: 0; Downloads: 6
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3. Academic general practice/family medicine in times of COVID-19 - Perspective of WONCA EuropeAdam Windak, Thomas Frese, Eva Hummers-Pradier, Zalika Klemenc-Ketiš, Sonia Tsukagoshi, Josep Vilaseca, Shlomo Vinker, Mehmet Ungan, 2020, original scientific article Abstract: COVID-19 outbreak has significantly changed all aspects of general practice in Europe. This art-icle focuses on the academic challenges for the discipline, mainly in the field of education,research, and quality assurance. The efforts of the European Region of the World Organisationof National Colleges, Academies, and Academic Associations of General Practitioners/FamilyPhysicians (WONCA Europe) to support academic sustainability of the discipline in the time ofpandemic are presented. Medical education was affected by the pandemic, threatening both itsproductivity and quality. Emerging new educational methods might be promising, but theresults of their rapid implementation remain uncertain. A relatively small number of publicationsrelated to COVID-19 and general practice is available in the medical literature. There is a short-age of original data from general practice settings. This contrasts with the crucial role of GPs infighting a pandemic. COVID-19 outbreak has opened widely new research areas, which shouldbe explored by GPs. Maintaining the quality of care and safety of all patients during the COVID-19 pandemic is the utmost priority. Many of them suffer from poor access or inadequate man-agement of their problems. Rapid implementation of telemedicine brought both threats andopportunities. The COVID-19 pandemic also challenged doctors' safety and well-being. Theseaspects will require discussion and remedy to prevent deterioration of the quality of primarycare. WONCA Europe is making a multi-faceted effort to support GPs in difficult times of thepandemic. It is ready to support future efforts to uphold the integrity of family medicine as anacademic discipline. Keywords: infectious diseases, quality of care, public health, community medicine, health care organisation, management, medical education Published in DKUM: 07.01.2025; Views: 0; Downloads: 2
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4. Health related QoL in celiac disease patients in SloveniaEva Turk, Dušanka Mičetić-Turk, Maja Šikić Pogačar, Alojz Tapajner, Veljko Vlaisavljević, Valentina Prevolnik Rupel, 2020, original scientific article Abstract: Background: Measurements of health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among celiac disease patients using a validated questionnaire have been lacking in Slovenia. This study aims to measure HRQoL in celiac disease (CD) patients using EQ-5D internationally validated questionnaire and comparing it to the HRQoL of the general population.
Methods: In this cross sectional analysis all of the approximately 2000 members of the Slovenian Celiac Society were invited to take part. We used a 3 step approach for recruitment and data collection. HRQoL was evaluated through the EuroQoL EQ-5D-5L instrument (Slovenian version) and analysed using the ordinal logistic regression.
Results: Out of 321 patients who gave their consent, 247 celiac patients were included in the study (77%). 68% of the participants were female and 53% of them lived in an urban setting. Most patients originated from North-East Slovenia, whereas approximately 30% of patients came from other Slovenian regions. The EQ-5D respondents’ self-reported health status at the time of the study show that most patients have slight or no problems when living with CD. The duration of the gluten-free diet, academic education and rare (< 1 × year) doctor visits affect EQ-5D in a positive way. On the other hand, higher age and chronic rheumatic disease were negatively associated with EQ-5D also when compared to the general population.
Conclusion: This is the first Slovenian study to measure the HRQoL of Slovenian CD patients, using an internationally validated questionnaire. The results of our study show that HRQoL is slightly impaired among Slovenian patients with CD. Clinical characteristics are better determinants of their HRQoL than socio-demographic factors. Greater awareness of the impact of CD on patients’ HRQoL would improve the holistic management of CD patients. Keywords: health, quality of life, HRQoL, celiac disease, EQ‑5D, valuation, measurement, Slovenia Published in DKUM: 06.01.2025; Views: 0; Downloads: 3
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5. Quality of life and health status in middle-aged presumed healthy Slovenian family practice attendeesMatic Tement, Polona Selič-Zupančič, 2021, original scientific article Abstract: Background: There is a gap in our knowledge of health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in a population presumed healthy, so this study aimed to assess the associations between HRQoL, demographics and clinical variables.
Methods: The participants were attendees, presumed healthy, at 40 pre-selected model family medicine practices (MFMPs), aged between 30 and 65 years and recruited during a preventive check-up in 2019. Each MFMP pragmatically invited 30 attendees to voluntarily participate. The EQ-5D questionnaire was administered as a measure of HRQoL; the independent variables were demographic characteristics, smoking, alcohol consumption, stress perception, physical activity, signs of depression, cardiovascular risk, body mass index, blood pressure values, and blood sugar and lipidogram laboratory test values. Ordinal logistic regression was used to calculate associations between self-assessed quality of life, demographics, and clinical variables, with P<0.05 set as statistically significant.
Results: Of 986 participants, 640 (64.9%) were women and 346 (35.1%) men, aged 42.7+-8.6 years. The average values for the EQ-5D-3L were 0.9+1-0.15. In the multivariate model, a positive association between adequate physical activity (p=0.003), and a negative association between higher age (p<0.001), female gender (p=0.009), signs of depression (p<0.001), stress (p=0.013), and EQ-5D score were identified.
Conclusion: Given that physical activity was shown to be positively associated with HRQoL, it is of the utmost importance for family physicians to motivate their middle-aged patients, especially women and those with signs of depression and excessive stress, to adopt a more rigorously physically active lifestyle. Keywords: health related quality of life, health status, family practice, middle-age, physical activity, depression, stress, coping Published in DKUM: 11.12.2024; Views: 0; Downloads: 6
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6. The Influence of Intersectionality on the Mental Health of Female Characters in Tsitsi Dangarembga's Nervous Conditions : master's thesisMelani Lesjak, 2024, master's thesis Abstract: This Master’s thesis analyses the influence of intersectionality on the mental health of female characters in Tsitsi Dangarembga’s novel Nervous Conditions. It aims to illuminate the intersecting axes of oppression for each of the female characters to enable a better understanding of the situational context that instigates specific mental disorders in the characters. To foster a better understanding of the characters’ situational context, the Shona’s cultural significance and Zimbabwe’s colonial history are addressed, while the postcolonial theory is used in the analysis of the novel. Furthermore, studies investigating the influence of the intersectional axes of race, gender, culture and class on women’s mental health function as the foundation in the interpretation of the findings of the analysis. Definitions of mental disorders, taken from the World Health Organization and Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Illnesses are used in identifying mental disorders in Dangarembga’s female characters. By illustrating the complexity of marginalised experiences, in which the oppressional axes of gender, race, class and cultural identity intersect and result in mental disorders, this thesis also highlights the need for a thorough and holistic approach to understanding women’s mental health in postcolonial societies. Keywords: Tsitsi Dangarembga, Nervous Conditions, intersectionality, mental health, postcolonialism Published in DKUM: 29.11.2024; Views: 0; Downloads: 15
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7. Effects of a serious smartphone game on nursing students` theoretical knowledge and practical skills in adult basic life support : randomized wait list-controlled trialNino Fijačko, Ruth Masterson Creber, Špela Metličar, Matej Strnad, Robert Greif, Gregor Štiglic, Pavel Skok, 2024, original scientific article Abstract: Background: Retention of adult basic life support (BLS) knowledge and skills after professional training declines over time.To combat this, the European Resuscitation Council and the American Heart Association recommend shorter, more frequent BLS sessions. Emphasizing technology-enhanced learning, such as mobile learning, aims to increase out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) survival and is becoming more integral in nursing education.
Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate whether playing a serious smartphone game called MOBICPR at home can improve and retain nursing students’ theoretical knowledge of and practical skills in adult BLS.
Methods: This study used a randomized wait list–controlled design. Nursing students were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to either a MOBICPR intervention group (MOBICPR-IG) or a wait-list control group (WL-CG), where the latter received the MOBICPR game 2 weeks after the MOBICPR-IG. The aim of the MOBICPR game is to engage participants in using smartphone
gestures (eg, tapping) and actions (eg, talking) to perform evidence-based adult BLS on a virtual patient with OHCA. The participants’ theoretical knowledge of adult BLS was assessed using a questionnaire, while their practical skills were evaluated on cardiopulmonary resuscitation quality parameters using a manikin and a checklist.
Results: In total, 43 nursing students participated in the study, 22 (51%) in MOBICPR-IG and 21 (49%) in WL-CG. There were differences between the MOBICPR-IG and the WL-CG in theoretical knowledge (P=.04) but not in practical skills (P=.45) after MOBICPR game playing at home. No difference was noted in the retention of participants’ theoretical knowledge and practical
skills of adult BLS after a 2-week break from playing the MOBICPR game (P=.13). Key observations included challenges in response checks with a face-down manikin and a general neglect of safety protocols when using an automated external defibrillator.
Conclusions: Playing the MOBICPR game at home has the greatest impact on improving the theoretical knowledge of adult BLS in nursing students but not their practical skills. Our findings underscore the importance of integrating diverse scenarios into adult BLS training. Keywords: serious smartphone game, adult basic life support, teaching, games, gaming, education, nurses, nursing, educational, mHealth, mobile health, applications, smartphones, randomized controlled trial, technology-enhanced learning, life support, knowledge retention, practical Published in DKUM: 27.11.2024; Views: 0; Downloads: 1
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8. High contamination rates of shoes of veterinarians, veterinary support staff and veterinary students with Clostridioides difficile sporesJoanna Wojtacka, Beata Wysok, Aleksander Kocuvan, Maja Rupnik, 2022, original scientific article Abstract: Clostridioides difficile is often found in animals and their environment. However, not much has been reported on veterinary clinics environment in terms of the spore load, prevalence and PCR ribotype diversity. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of C. difficile on shoe soles of veterinarians, veterinary support staff and veterinary students at the Veterinary Faculty campus. Altogether, 50 shoe sole swabs were collected, and the positivity rates ranged from 86.7% in swabs from veterinarians to 100% in swabs from support staff and students. Non-toxigenic and toxigenic strains representing toxinotypes 0, IV and XIX were isolated and distributed into 17 different PCR ribotypes, most common being 010, 014/020, SLO002 and 009. PCR ribotype 010 was the most prevalent and isolated from shoe soles sampled in 6/7 areas. Students' shoes had highest ribotype diversity (15/17 PCR ribotypes) but showed a low overlap with ribotype isolated from vets and support staff shoes. Veterinary students are likely the main vectors of C. difficile spores transmissions among veterinary teaching clinics and the hospital. Keywords: Clostridioides (Clostridium) difficile, environment, footwear, One Health, transmission, veterinary clinic Published in DKUM: 22.10.2024; Views: 0; Downloads: 1
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10. Clinical reasoning needs to be explicitly addressed in health professions curricula : recommendations from a European consortiumIoannis Parodis, Lina Andersson, Steven J. Durning, Inga Hege, Jure Knez, Andrzej Kononowicz, Marie Lidskog, Tadej Petreski, Magdalena Szopa, Samuel Edelbring, 2021, original scientific article Abstract: Clinical reasoning entails the application of knowledge and skills to collect and integrate information, typically with the goal of arriving at a diagnosis and management plan based on the patient’s unique circumstances and preferences. Evidence-informed, structured, and explicit teaching and assessment of clinical reasoning in educational programs of medical and other health professions remain unmet needs. We herein summarize recommendations for clinical reasoning learning objectives (LOs), as derived from a consensus approach among European and US researchers and health professions educators. A four-step consensus approach was followed: (1) identification of a convenience sample of the most relevant and applied national LO catalogues for health professions educational programs (N = 9) from European and US countries, (2) extraction of LOs related to clinical reasoning and translation into English, (3) mapping of LOs into predefined categories developed within the Erasmus+ Developing, implementing, and disseminating an adaptive clinical reasoning curriculum for healthcare students and educators (DID-ACT) consortium, and (4) synthesis of analysis findings into recommendations for how LOs related to clinical reasoning could be presented and incorporated in LO catalogues, upon consensus. Three distinct recommendations were formulated: (1) make clinical reasoning explicit, (2) emphasize interprofessional and collaboration aspects of clinical reasoning, and (3) include aspects of teaching and assessment of clinical reasoning. In addition, the consortium understood that implementation of bilingual catalogues with English as a common language might contribute to lower heterogeneity regarding amount, structure, and level of granularity of clinical reasoning LOs across countries. These recommendations will hopefully motivate and guide initiatives towards the implementation of LOs related to clinical reasoning in existing and future LO catalogues. Keywords: clinical reasoning, curriculum development, curriculum mapping, health professions education, medical education Published in DKUM: 08.10.2024; Views: 0; Downloads: 1
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