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Abstract: In this work, we talk about artificial intelligence and its impact on software development. We define the AI concept, the software development process, and the various uses of AI in programming. We put a special focus on the ethical aspects of AI. In the empirical part, we analyzed the AI pair programming tool created by Microsoft called GitHub Copilot. We examine several usage examples, as well as the opinions of developers that have been using GitHub Copilot. We found that the AI pair programmer tool helps programmers increase productivity and automate mundane tasks to concentrate on more complex and interesting parts of software development. However, some programmers raise concerns about unethical concepts connected to the development of GitHub Copilot, implying violations of original code author copyrights. We discuss current licenses, other possible solutions, and the morality of building AI on open-sourced repositories. Moreover, many believe that the future will be increasingly intertwined with AI in all industries and that the only way to preserve (software development) jobs is to keep learning and being innovative and creative. Programmers say that almost certainly their job will not vanish because of AI advancement; only the scope of their work will change.
Keywords: AI, software development, ethics, AI pair programming, GitHub Copilot.
Published in DKUM: 21.02.2023; Views: 341; Downloads: 70
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Abstract: Animal tourism represents a large part of the tourist market. Due to its growth, the number of animals involved in tourism is also increasing, which often has a negative impact on their welfare and the preservation of the animal species. In response to the public concerns regarding the negative impacts on animal use in tourism and other areas, a number of ethical approaches have been discussed and developed. These have become the starting point for formulating the strategies, guidelines and policies of many tourism companies that use animals for tourism purposes. Among them is Airbnb, one of the leading tourism companies in the world, which in 2019, presented travel experiences that involve animals in various ways. In addition to the research of the animal experiences offered on the Airbnb online platform, the empirical part focused mainly on researching ethical discourses reflected in discussions of animal experience by both Airbnb and its animal experience providers, where we found out that both used different ethical discourses. Airbnb has represented a caring discourse based on the principle of ecofeminist approach and animal welfare discourse, the latter reflecting the involvement of a non-profit organization World Animal Protection in shaping its policies, which follow the framework of the five freedoms. The ethical discourses of the providers were also caring discourse and animal welfare discourse, with added utilitarian and ecocentric discourses. The only discourse that was not represented within the chosen ethical approaches is the animal rights discourse, which does not approve of any use of animals.
Keywords: tourism, animals, ethics, experiences
Published in DKUM: 29.11.2021; Views: 650; Downloads: 57
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Abstract: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune inflammatory disorder of the central nervous system. It is common in the reproductive period and can lead to infertility and significant disability. The treatment on multiple sclerosis is recently more successful and enables better quality of life, therefore rising hope and desire for the future parents, also in terms of successful infertility treatments. In this context the couples should be managed concerning the detrimental effect of the disease itself on fertility, detrimental effect of the drugs used for treatment on gonads and in terms of the implementation of drugs used for ovarian stimulation and their impact on the basic disease (MS). Article finds solutions on the legal outcomes in situations where infertility treatments may negatively impact the progress of MS, as well as the solutions on how to (successfully) provide infertility treatments to the patients with MS. It proposes interdisciplinary approach between gynecologists and neurologists to perform required weighting of benefits and risks (burdens), deriving from specific action or treatment, whereas for the patients who shall not undergo infertility treatments due to their medical status, related to MS, it proposes storage of gametes under conditions, set by the law.
Keywords: multiple sclerosis, infertility, in vitro fertilization, MAR, ZZNPOB, ZPacP, medical ethics
Published in DKUM: 15.01.2021; Views: 405; Downloads: 33
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Abstract: This glossary serves as a basis to further common understanding on academic integrity through learning new terms and rediscovering old terms in new contexts. The need for this document derives from the variety of terms that are commonly used, but under different contexts. In this sense, we attempted to arrive at a common meaning. This glossary could be of value to national ombudspersons, judicial authorities, compliance officers, research project managers and other related bodies or units in academia as well as students, business sector and others.
Keywords: glossary, academic integrity, plagiarism, ethics, research, academic misconduct, academic writing, copyright
Published in DKUM: 13.10.2019; Views: 2278; Downloads: 50
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Abstract: In every organization various modes of behaviour of the employees, their various activities, interpersonal relationships and customs can be observed. In some organizations the employees are all on first-namebasis, still in others they address themselves formally. In some organizations the employees use academic titles and surnames; still in others they call themselves by names, only. In some organizations each employee has its own office, whereas in others they are all use one office, which may be separated by improvised walls. In some organizations the employees celebrate personal holidays together, whereas in others they do not. In some organizations they pose each other obstacles and obstruct each other’s work, but in others no such misconduct can be detected. Differences may also be observed within one single organization. Differences are even greater and more noticeable in cases of organizations from other environments, neighbouring countries or even from other continents. In the business world the differences are present, they should be recognized, and the existing diversity should be tolerated; however, this is not enough; diversity should also be understood and made use of to the benefit of everybody. Significant behaviour of the group of people within an organization, or at its work, in a country or a state is described by the term of culture, which can simply be defined as: “This is the way we operate, act, aim at. This is the way we work …”. It is a question of the mode of behaviour of people within an organization, among themselves and towards others, of their customs and habits, and of all the characteristics of behaviour in an organization in a wider sense. Culture is an organizational factor, directly linked to all the other elements of the organization, its environment and every individual. Every activity, change or behaviour is reflected also on the culture and vice versa, every change of culture triggers the changes in every other area of organization. For this reason it is important to manage the culture, as this is beneficial for the organization as a whole and every individual, in particular.
Keywords: organization, organizational culture, values, communication, social responsibility, business ethics, service sector
Published in DKUM: 08.05.2018; Views: 1349; Downloads: 78
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