1. Multi-criteria decision making in supply chain management based on inventory levels, environmental impact and costsJ. Žic, S. Žic, 2020, original scientific article Abstract: Supply chains in a global business environment operate within conflicting aspects. This research analyses correlation and interdependencies between inventory levels, costs and greenhouse gas emissions from replenishments within supply chain echelon. A simulation-based inventory optimisation conducted on 4000 experiments assumes the conditions of stochastic market demand, (R, s, S) inventory policy, target fill rates, predefined lead times and closing days constraint. It verifies the influence of operational and logistic decisions such as frequency of inventory replenishments or vehicle size selection on management objectives. Besides determining the best individual results for the objectives of minimum inventory levels, total costs and emissions, the overall best solutions in terms of three decision models - uniformly valued, cost-oriented and environmentally responsible model, were determined using multi-criteria decision-making methodology. These models are relevant for both scientific and practical managerial settings due to the evident lack of research simultaneously analysing inventory, cost and environmental performances of (R, s, S) policy. This study confirms that it is crucial in practice to perform an extensive simulation experiment analysis for each product to be able to determine its optimal settings. Inventory management software should have a direct influence on operational decisions in order to reduce costs or emissions within the same fill rate.
Keywords: green supply chain, multi-criteria decision making, environmental impact, costs, inventory levels
Published in DKUM: 15.01.2026; Views: 0; Downloads: 0
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2. The environmental impact of using gold nanoparticles and 3HFWC in cosmetics, as determined with LCA methodologyRebeka Rudolf, Peter Majerič, Žiga Jelen, Andrej Horvat, Damjan Krajnc, 2024, original scientific article Abstract: This review provides a detailed inventory analysis of the manufacturing process of a cosmetic cream using gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) and hydroxylated fullerene water complex (3HFWC) as novel nanocomponents for cream. The inventory analysis was focused on the evaluation of the two raw materials of the nanocomponents, the consumption of electricity and water, which enabled an insight into the process flows within the production process. The data obtained from this analysis of the inventory of nanocomponents provide an insight into the potential improvements that can be made in the manufacturing process of nanocomponents, in order to reduce the environmental impact of the production of new cosmetic creams. These results will serve as the basis for the second part of the analysis, where a life cycle analysis will be carried out to assess the environmental impacts of cream production from the acquisition of raw materials to the disposal of the final product.
Keywords: life cycle analysis, gold nanoparticles, hydroxylated fullerene water complex, cosmetics, environmental impact
Published in DKUM: 13.01.2026; Views: 0; Downloads: 0
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3. The role of biodegradable plastics in a sustainable economy : progress and challengesTina Kegl, Yee Van Fan, Lidija Čuček, 2026, original scientific article Abstract: The widespread use of plastics has resulted in significant environmental challenges, including pollution, landfill accumulation, and harm to ecosystems and human health. As concerns over plastic waste intensify, biodegradable plastics have emerged as promising alternatives that can decompose under specific conditions and contribute to a circular economy. This review examines how biodegradable plastics can help address these issues, beginning with the distinction between biodegradable polymers, which are long-chain molecules, and biodegradable plastics, which are end-use materials created by blending these polymers with additives and fillers. It explores common biodegradable polymers, their origins, production processes, and key physical and chemical properties. Further, the review covers both the compounding stage, in which polymers and additives are combined, and the subsequent product development and processing steps involved in manufacturing of biodegradable plastics. A criterion is proposed to assess and rank biodegradable plastics based on their biodegradability. The review also discusses applications and the sustainability of their value chains. Key challenges to widespread adoption, such as technological limitations, economic concerns, and environmental or health risks, are highlighted. Finally, the review stresses the importance of advancing biomass cultivation, polymer development, processing techniques, and degradation methods to unlock the full potential of biodegradable plastics. Overall, it emphasizes the need for continued innovation to promote sustainable materials and improve plastic waste management.
Keywords: biodegradable polymers, biodegradable plastics, circular economy, plastics production and consumption, plastic value chains sustainability, environmental impact reduction
Published in DKUM: 19.12.2025; Views: 0; Downloads: 1
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4. Method review for assessing damage to human health in LCA : implementation in the production of selected food productsMatjaž Denac, Tinkara Ošlovnik, 2025, original scientific article Abstract: Agriculture and food production can cause a variety of adverse environmental impacts. Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) is the only standardised method so far that provides a comprehensive assessment of the environmental burden of products. LCA results can be expressed as environmental impacts (midpoint level) or environmental damage (endpoint level). Communication on environmental impact is mostly carried out as a part of the Carbon Footprint (CF) or Environmental Product Declaration (EPD), while reporting on environmental damage is rarely used. Due to the growing interest of consumers in ‘healthy’ food, it is important that food producers address the environmental damage. Therefore, an overview of existing Life Cycle Impact Assessment (LCIA) methods that provide insight into endpoint indicators describing damage to human health has been performed and presented in this paper. The application of the selected LCIA methods is demonstrated for the case of food products, highlighting the fact that the results obtained by different LCIA methods are not directly comparable due to a variety of methodological limitations, such as the existence of different environmental indicators and their structure. Finally, the usage of the LCA method for designing food products is presented, with the aim of enabling consumers to choose diets with lower environment and human health impacts.
Keywords: sustainable food consumption, eco-conscious choices, life cycle assessment, environmental impact, human health
Published in DKUM: 23.09.2025; Views: 0; Downloads: 10
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5. A comprehensive review of the advances, manufacturing, properties, innovations, environmental impact and applications of ultra-high-performance concrete (UHPC)Gregor Kravanja, Ahmad Rizwan Mumtaz, Stojan Kravanja, 2024, review article Abstract: The article presents the progress and applications of ultra-high-performance concrete (UHPC), a revolutionary material in modern construction that offers unparalleled strength, durability, and sustainability. The overview includes the historical development of UHPC, covering its production and design aspects, including composition and design methodology. It describes the mechanical properties and durability of UHPC and highlights recent innovations and research breakthroughs. The potential integration of multifunctional properties such as self-heating, self-sensing, self-luminescence and superhydrophobicity, is explored. In addition, advances in nanotechnology related to UHPC are addressed. Beyond the actual material properties, the article presents an environmental impact assessment and a life-cycle cost analysis, providing an insight into the wider implications of using UHPC. To illustrate the environmental aspects, the determination of CO2 emissions is explained using three numerical examples. Finally, various applications of UHPC are presented, focusing on the construction of buildings and bridges. By synthesizing the above-mentioned aspects, this review paper captures the dynamic landscape of UHPC and serves as a valuable resource for researchers and engineers in the field of construction materials.
Keywords: ultra-high-performance concrete, UHPC, manufacturing, mechanical properties, durability, multifunctionality, environmental impact assessment, life-cycle costs
Published in DKUM: 02.07.2025; Views: 0; Downloads: 30
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6. Sustainability aspects of food and drinks offered in vending machines at Slovenian universitiesUrška Rozman, Mateja Lorber, Anja Bolha, Jasmina Bevc Bahar, Miha Lavrič, Sonja Šostar-Turk, 2025, original scientific article Abstract: Introduction: Vending machines offer a convenient way for food distribution, particularly favored by employees, students, and individuals seeking a quick snack. Food vending machines typically offer unhealthy, calorie-dense, and nutrient-poor options, which contribute to the rise of non-communicable diseases. Creating a healthier food environment is crucial, particularly in universities where students are developing their eating habits and becoming more independent. Key considerations for vending machines include the quality, nutritional value, and price of the products with a recent and growing attention toward sustainability. Methods: The present study thoroughly examined 30 vending machines across 30 faculties in Slovenia. The analysis focused on assessing the variety and sustainability of the available products. The following was evaluated through three primary criteria, based on the information available on the product label: nutritional quality, environmental impact (palm oil content, packaging materials, and sustainability certificates), and socioeconomic indicators (suitability for people with special dietary needs). Results: The results revealed a low proportion of products met the proposed sustainability criteria, highlighting the need to promote sustainability in the vending machine industry. Although food categories like dairy products, fruits, and nuts have better nutritional profiles, they are underrepresented. In contrast, items like biscuits, crisps, snacks, and pre-prepared sandwiches often exceed recommended fat, salt, and sugar levels. More than one-quarter of products contained palm oil, only two were labeled as palm oil-free, and a limited proportion of products were suitable for individuals with special dietary requirements such as gluten sensitivity and lactose intolerance. Discussion: Improving the food selection in vending machines, guided by suggested sustainability criteria, presents a promising strategy for reshaping the food environment and promoting sustainable healthy diets, taking into account nutritional, environmental, and socioeconomic indicators.
Keywords: vending machines, university, food nutritional quality, sustainability, environmental impact
Published in DKUM: 02.07.2025; Views: 0; Downloads: 4
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7. The neobanks and sustainabilityAleksandra Amon, Timotej Jagrič, Žan Oplotnik, 2024, review article Abstract: The rise of fintech in the financial sector presents a transformative shift towards digitalisation and sustainability on a global scale, leveraging technologies like AI to minimise environmental footprint. Neobanks not only challenge traditional banking models but also offer innovative solutions that align with sustainable objectives. The purpose of this paper is to analyse the impact of neobanks on global sustainability from economic, environmental, and social points of view. A comprehensive literature review of existing literature and current sustainable practices of neobanks was conducted. Results reveal that neobanks significantly positively contribute towards environmental sustainability with reduced paper use and logistics requirements of banking services. By offering more accessible and affordable banking services they importantly contribute towards higher financial inclusion, and with innovative products towards more competitive and innovative financial markets. AI-based tools they employ are increasing financial literacy and social inclusion. This article also highlights concerns regarding electronic waste management, potential high energy consumption, required digital literacy and cybersecurity risks. In conclusion, despite the mentioned risks, neobanks importantly contribute to global sustainability in many ways and will even more in the future. These findings can help neobanks shape sustainable practices and guide policymaking, as well as spread awareness of the sustainable impact of banking services.
Keywords: fintech, banks, neobanks, sustainability, environmental impact, financial inclusion
Published in DKUM: 01.07.2025; Views: 0; Downloads: 23
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8. Navigational regime issues on the Soča river compared to the Douro river in Portugal: Challenges of tourism and environmental protectionMatevž Poklukar, 2025, master's thesis Abstract: This thesis examines the economic, environmental and governance challenges of river tourism, focusing on the Soča river in Slovenia and the Douro river in Portugal. The study aims to analyse how sustainable tourism management strategies can be optimised to balance environmental conservation and economic benefits in river-based tourism.
To achieve this, we employ a comparative case study approach, combining survey data from local stakeholders in the Soča Valley and extensive literature of tourism policies and environmental regulations. Findings reveal that the Douro river benefits from a structured governance model, effectively integrating tourism with conservation and agriculture. On the other hand, the Soča river faces fragmented policies, environmental degradation, and seasonal overcrowding, leading to economic volatility and stakeholder dissatisfaction.
The study identifies key areas for policy improvement, including the introduction of a unified navigation authority, increased reinvestment in conservation, a tiered permit system differentiating between kayaking and rafting and infrastructure improvements. Additionally, case studies on the Zambezi river and Little Yampa Canyon demonstrate the benefits of controlled permit systems and reinvestment models.
The research concludes that effective governance is crucial for achieving sustainable river tourism. By adopting structured management strategies, the Soča Valley could enhance economic resilience while mitigating environmental risks. The findings offer practical recommendations for tourism operators, local stakeholders and policymakers, providing a framework for balancing long-term sustainability with tourism growth.
Keywords: Sustainable tourism, river management, environmental conservation, economic impact, governance strategies
Published in DKUM: 27.06.2025; Views: 0; Downloads: 10
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9. Environmental impact assessment of organic rankine cycle using waste heat from the aluminium industryMonika Dokl, Gaja Strajnar, Annamaria Vujanović, Jan Puhar, Zdravko Kravanja, Lidija Čuček, 2025, original scientific article Abstract: Waste heat recovery technologies play an important role in enhancing energy efficiency and supporting sustainable energy production. This study investigates the utilization of waste heat from aluminium production through an Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) system to generate electricity and heat simultaneously. Based on operational data from an aluminium plant, the system is firstly optimized from both the thermodynamic and economic perspectives. To maximize performance and to identify optimal configurations, a mathematical model is developed and solved using GAMS, capturing the complex interdependencies between the operational, economic and thermodynamic parameters. The environmental impact of the optimized scenarios is subsequently evaluated using a Life Cycle Assessment (LCA), considering a broad range of impact categories. The results indicate a maximum power output of 830.9 kW and a maximum net present value (NPV) of 51.71 M€, confirming the system’s technical and economic viability. The environmental assessment demonstrates the potential of ORC systems as sustainable energy solutions, with significant environmental unburdening under optimized operating conditions (up to -606.0 kg CO2 eq./h). A sensitivity analysis indicates that the greatest environmental benefits occur under the optimal thermodynamic scenario, achieved through the utilization of higher-energy flue gas streams (up to -515.0 kg CO2 eq./h), and under the optimal economic scenario by balancing the electricity and heat prices optimally for simultaneous heat and power production (up to -696.7 kg CO2 eq./h). These findings highlight the importance of the thermal input quality and availability in maximizing ORC performance. With the ability to prioritize electricity, heat, or both, the optimized ORC systems support flexible energy solutions tailored to specific applications and environmental conditions, offering a promising pathway for unburdening the environment through the efficient utilization of industrial waste heat.
Keywords: waste heat recovery, aluminium production, organic rankine cycle, environmental impact, life cycle assessment, sustainable energy solutions
Published in DKUM: 13.06.2025; Views: 0; Downloads: 21
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10. Assessing the effects of a hydropower plant basin on fish spawning in an upstream river tributaryGorazd Hren, Andrej Predin, Matej Fike, Marko Pezdevšek, 2024, original scientific article Abstract: This paper presents a combined modeling approach to evaluate the ecological effects on the habitat of an upstream tributary of a river with a series of hydropower plants. The influence is investigated of the last planned hydropower plant to be built, which has a large impact on the river ecosystem. The new hydropower plant basin will affect the tributary with hydropeaking in the upstream basin. A simulation was conducted of spawning conditions for two protected fish species. The analysis combined a hydro-morphological model with a fish module that considers the water depth and velocity necessary for fish reproduction. The different river discharge scenarios were simulated, incorporating the hydropeaking effects of the new hydropower plant basin on the upstream tributary. With the new hydropower plant, sustainable measures are planned to prevent the damaging negative impacts that could lead to the degradation of the river ecosystem and the destruction of the existing ecosystem at the river’s confluence. The results indicate that, after the hydropower plant begins operation, the habitat`s suitability will decrease, and the planned sustainable measures will not provide a fully satisfactory solution.
Keywords: environmental impact, habitat sustainability, hydro-dynamic model
Published in DKUM: 11.04.2025; Views: 0; Downloads: 43
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