1. Systems methodology for strategic decision-making in complex healthcare systemTadeja Jere Lazanski, 2017, original scientific article Abstract: Systems methodology as a support for strategic decision- making will be discussed in the paper. A society will be presented as a complex system, which is comprised of many smaller, complex systems as its component parts. The healthcare system is one of them. The support to the strategic decision-making in a healthcare system will be shown through systems thinking and systems modelling. We will develop models of a healthcare system in frame of a systems dynamics; a qualitative causal loop diagram (CLD), which helps us to discuss the challenges categorically and a quantitative model, which is a simulation model. Both models illustrate the discussed methodology.
Keywords: systems methodology, healthcare system, strategic decision-making, systems thinking, modelling
Published: 09.10.2018; Views: 618; Downloads: 51
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2. Landslide assessment of the Strača basin (Croatia) using machine learning algorithmsMiloš Marjanović, Miloš Kovačević, Branislav Bajat, Snježana Mihalić Arbanas, Biljana Abolmasov, 2011, original scientific article Abstract: In this research, machine learning algorithms were compared in a landslide-susceptibility assessment. Given the input set of GIS layers for the Starča Basin, which included geological, hydrogeological, morphometric, and environmental data, a classification task was performed to classify the grid cells to: (i) landslide and non-landslide cases, (ii) different landslide types (dormant and abandoned, stabilized and suspended, reactivated). After finding the optimal parameters, C4.5 decision trees and Support Vector Machines were compared using kappa statistics. The obtained results showed that classifiers were able to distinguish between the different landslide types better than between the landslide and non-landslide instances. In addition, the Support Vector Machines classifier performed slightly better than the C4.5 in all the experiments. Promising results were achieved when classifying the grid cells into different landslide types using 20% of all the available landslide data for the model creation, reaching kappa values of about 0.65 for both algorithms.
Keywords: landslides, support vector machines, decision trees classifier, Starča Basin
Published: 13.06.2018; Views: 396; Downloads: 43
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3. Thinking in options – finding and evaluating alternativesEdeltraud Günther, Daria Meyr, 2016, independent scientific component part or a chapter in a monograph Abstract: After this general observation of decision processes we want to have a look at two decision making situations, that necessitate these processes, more detailed: Investment decisions are on the agenda for small and medium-sized companies, while acquisition decisions are more relevant in larger companies.
Keywords: decision-making, investment decisions, acquisition decisions, monetary assessment, effects, economic-ecological net effect
Published: 11.05.2018; Views: 454; Downloads: 33
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4. Dimensions of decision-making process quality and company performanceDamjan Grušovnik, Alenka Kavkler, Duško Uršič, 2017, original scientific article Abstract: This paper investigates the relationship between the dimensions of the decision-making process quality and company performance of top managers’ in Slovenia. We found out that companies whose managers exhibit an above-average dimension of openness of spirit in the quality of the decision making process, on average, have a higher stance on foreign markets as companies in which managers show a below-average open spirit. For the managers who work in companies that are present in foreign markets, we could confirm that there is a low/weak correlation between the dimension of effort of the decision-making process quality and the number of employees in a company.
Keywords: quality of the decision-making process, rationality, motivation, participation, exhaustivity of the information, managers effort, creativity and innovativeness, company stakeholders, company performance
Published: 03.05.2018; Views: 581; Downloads: 83
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5. Examining determinants of leadership style among Montenegrin managersAnđelko Lojpur, Ana Aleksić, Sanja Vlahović, Mirjana Pejić Bach, Sanja Peković, 2015, original scientific article Abstract: As a leader’s behavior can have a strong impact on different employee work- related outcomes, various approaches have been put forth in an effort to determine the most effective form of leadership and determinants of individuals’ choice of leadership style. This paper analyzed whether one’s choice of leadership style is due more to personal or organizational characteristics. We used survey data to investigate the determinants of leadership style among Montenegrin managers. Our analysis showed that, although demographic characteristics such as gender, age, and education do not influence the choice of leadership style, internal organizational characteristics such as hierarchical level, managerial orientation to tasks/people, and decision-making characteristics such as decision- making style and decision-making environment are positively associated with the choice of democratic leadership style. This contributes to recent research in leadership that shows how some personal characteristics are considered to be less important in developing certain styles and that the choice of style is more dependent and contingent on external influences and situations.
Keywords: decision-making characteristics, demographic characteristics, internal organizational characteristics, leadership style, Montenegro
Published: 03.05.2018; Views: 395; Downloads: 33
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6. Representation of Boolean functions with ROBDDsAleš Časar, Robert Meolic, independent scientific component part or a chapter in a monograph Abstract: This paper describes data structures and algorithms for representation of Boolean functions with reduced ordered binary decision diagrams (ROBDDs). A hash table is used for quick search. Additional information about variables and functions is stored in binary trees. Manipulations on functions are based on a recursive algorithm of ITE operation. The primary goal of this article is describe programming technics needed to realize the idea. For the first time here recursive algorithms for composing functions and garbage collection with a formulae counter are presented. This is better than garbage collection in other known implementations. The results of the tests show that the described representation is very efficient in applications which operate with Boolean functions.
Keywords: Reduced Ordered Binary Decision Diagram, Boolean function, logic functions, logic design verification, hash table
Published: 02.02.2018; Views: 1408; Downloads: 32
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7. Understanding the structural complexity of induced travel demand in decision-makingJuan Angarita-Zapata, Jorge Parra-Valencia, Hugo Andrade-Sosa, 2016, original scientific article Abstract: Background and purpose: Induced travel demand (ITD) is a phenomenon where road construction increases vehicles’ kilometers traveled. It has been approached with econometric models that use elasticities as measure to estimate how much travel demand can be induced by new roads. However, there is a lack of “white-box” models with causal hypotheses that explain the structural complexity underlying this phenomenon. We propose a system dynamics model based on a feedback mechanism to explain structurally ITD.
Methodology: A system dynamics methodology was selected to model and simulate ITD. First, a causal loop diagram is proposed to describe the ITD structure in terms of feedback loops. Then a stock-flows diagram is formulated to allow computer simulation. Finally, simulations are run to show the quantitative temporal evolution of the model built.
Results: The simulation results show how new roads in the short term induce more kilometers traveled by vehicles already in use; meanwhile, in the medium-term, new traffic is generated. These new car drivers appear when better flow conditions coming from new roads increase attractiveness of car use. More cars added to vehicles already in use produce new traffic congestion, and high travel speeds provided by roads built are absorbed by ITD effects.
Conclusion: We concluded that approaching ITD with a systemic perspective allows for identifying leverage points that contribute to design comprehensive policies aimed to cope with ITD. In this sense, the model supports decision- making processes in urban contexts wherein it is still necessary for road construction to guarantee connectivity, such as the case of developing countries.
Keywords: induced travel demand, system dynamics, decision-making, dynamic modeling
Published: 23.01.2018; Views: 575; Downloads: 89
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8. Teaching ethics and critical thinking in contemporary schoolsBojan Borstner, Smiljana Gartner, 2014, original scientific article Abstract: Basic ethical questions, dilemmas and especially decisions do not only affect the life of an individual but can also affect lives of others. In some professional ethics, where decisions about a person's life or death are made, decisions can even be irreversible. In this contribution three ways of deciding by highlighting critical, and reflective decision-making or systematic thought process as the most effective method in ethics have been pointed out. Therefore, taking ethics as a critically reflective morality highlights the fact that we can talk about ethical exploration, so ethics is a process of thinking, not a set of established answers that need only to be passively accepted. It could be concluded that the study of and practice in, evaluating arguments and evidence (moral decision making) via critical thinking as well as using other important skills (raising questions according to Blooms taxonomy and doing a lot of case studies) is the best way to achieve the most fundamental goal in teaching an ethical course -- becoming a better person. And is therefore something that should be in every curriculum.
Keywords: authority, critical thinking, ethics, teaching ethics, decision making, intuitions
Published: 19.12.2017; Views: 356; Downloads: 53
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9. EditorialMirjana Kljajić Borštnar, Davorin Kofjač, Andrej Škraba, Gerhard-Wilhelm Weber, Andreja Pucihar, 2017, preface, afterword Keywords: simulation, modeling, system dynamics, decision making
Published: 29.11.2017; Views: 564; Downloads: 66
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