1. Feasibility of a computerized clinical decision support system delivered via a socially assistive robot during grand rounds : a pilot studyValentino Šafran, Urška Smrke, Bojan Ilijevec, Samo Horvat, Vojko Flis, Nejc Plohl, Izidor Mlakar, 2025, original scientific article Abstract: Aims and Objective: The aim of this study was to explore the feasibility, usability and acceptance of integrating Clinical Decision Support Systems with Socially Assistive Robots into hospital grand rounds. Background: Adopting Clinical Decision Support Systems in healthcare faces challenges such as complexity, poor integration with workflows, and concerns about data privacy and quality. Issues such as too many alerts, confusing errors, and difficulty using the technology in front of patients make adoption challenging and prevent it from fitting into daily workflows. Making Clinical Decision Support System simple, intuitive and user-friendly is essential to enable its use in daily practice to improve patient care and decision-making. Methods: This six-month pilot study had two participant groups, with total of 40 participants: a longitudinal intervention group (n =8) and a single-session evaluation group (n=32). Participants were medical doctors at the University Clinical Center Maribor. The intervention involved implementing a Clinical Decision Support System delivered via a Socially Assistive Robot during hospital grand rounds. We developed a system that employed the HL7 FHIR standard for integrating data from hospital monitors, electronic health records, and patient-reported outcomes into a single dashboard. A Pepper-based SAR provided patient specific recommendations through a voice and SAR tablet enabled interface. Key evaluation metrics were assessed using the System Usability Scale (SUS) and the Unified Theory of Acceptance, Use of Technology (UTAUT2) questionnaire, including Effort Expectancy, Performance Expectancy and open ended questions. The longitudinal group used the system for 6 months and completed the assessments twice, after one week and at the end of the study. The single-session group completed the assessment once, immediately after the experiment. Qualitative data were gathered through open-ended questions. Data analysis included descriptive statistics, paired t-tests, and thematic analysis. Results: System usability was rated highly across both groups, with the longitudinal group reporting consistently excellent scores (M =82.08 at final evaluation) compared to the acceptable scores of the single-session group (M =68.96). Extended exposure improved user engagement, reflected in significant increases in Effort Expectancy and Habit over time. Participants found the system enjoyable to use, and while no significant changes were seen in Performance Expectancy, feedback emphasized its efficiency in saving time and improving access to clinical data, supporting its feasibility and acceptability. Conclusions: This research supports the potential of robotic technologies to transform CDSS into more interactive, efficient, and user-friendly tools for healthcare professionals. The paper also suggests further research directions and technical improvements to maximize the impact of innovative technologies in healthcare. Keywords: clinical decision support systems, clinical decision-making, hospital grand rounds, patient data integration, perceived quality of care, socially assistive robots, usability and familiarity, user experience questionnaire, workload reduction Published in DKUM: 30.05.2025; Views: 0; Downloads: 2
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2. Overview of the use of eye-tracking technology for monitoring consumer viewsAnita Radman Peša, Marko Valčić, Ana Maria Smokrović, Izabela Laura, 2024, original scientific article Abstract: Eye-tracking technology has become increasingly popular in studying consumer behavior and decision-making as a part of the marketing research area. The paper highlights the importance of eye tracking in the study of consumer behavior including the use of eye tracking in virtual reality environments, the integration of eye tracking with other physiological measures, and the development of more sophisticated analytical techniques. By observing eye movements and fixations researchers can gain insight into the visual and cognitive processes underlying consumer choices. For this reason, a literature review of relevant studies provides a detailed synthesis of the development of eye-tracking experiments. This paper contributes to the latest findings on consumer behavior in the field of eye-tracking technology. Keywords: visual attention, decision making, eye tracking technology, consumer behavior, consumer choice Published in DKUM: 28.05.2025; Views: 0; Downloads: 0
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3. Pig weight estimation according to RGB image analysisAndras Kárpinszky, Gergely Dobsinszki, 2023, original scientific article Abstract: In pig farming, knowing the exact weight of each animal is critical for the owner. Such information can help determine the amount and type of feed that needs to be fed to a specific fattening pig. Weighing pigs has always been problematic, because it is highly time consuming, and herding the pigs on the scale is extremely cumbersome. Moreover, it causes stress to the animals. The aim of our study was to build an RGB-based system that could estimate the daily weight of pigs and individual animal weight. The study was set up in a 100-day rotation in a commercial pig farm where we monitored 32 pigs. We developed a system to identify the features of the pigs, more particularly the head, shoulder, belly, and rump part. Three different models
were tested, and their main differences were linked to image processing and training data. Using these models, we received higher than 97% accuracy between the predicted and the manually recorded weight of the animals. This system allows owners to manage and monitor their pigs using our web interface, allowing them to make crucial decisions during the farming process. Keywords: image processing, pig size, decision support system, precision livestock farming Published in DKUM: 25.04.2025; Views: 0; Downloads: 1
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4. Sustainable development of ethno-villages in Bosnia and Herzegovina : a multi criteria assessmentBoris Prevolšek, Aleksandar Maksimović, Adis Puška, Karmen Pažek, Maja Borlinič Gačnik, Črtomir Rozman, 2020, original scientific article Abstract: This paper explores ethno-villages in Bosnia and Herzegovina as an important element of rural and cultural tourism. The attractiveness of natural and cultural heritage is very important for sustainable rural tourism development. In order to improve the process of decision making to enable the sustainable development of ethno-villages, a multi-criteria assessment model has been developed. The methodology is based on qualitative modeling using a multi-criteria analysis via the DEXi software. The model is based on hierarchical relations consisting of three main criteria that are the basis of sustainable tourism development: economic, social, and environmental criteria. The ultimate goal of the model in this study was to evaluate ethno-villages, namely six ethno-villages in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The results of the study show how ethno-villages contribute to sustainable development. Keywords: sustainable development, tourism, ethno-villages, DEXi, decision support, multi-criteria model, assessment Published in DKUM: 07.02.2025; Views: 0; Downloads: 7
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5. The international energy security risk index in sustainable energy and economy transition decision making - a reliability analysisIztok Podbregar, Goran Šimić, Mirjana Radovanović, Sanja Filipović, Damjan Maletič, Polona Šprajc, 2020, original scientific article Abstract: The world economy and society are in a complex process of transition characterized by a high degree of uncertainty. Therefore, further development and management of the transition will largely depend on the quality of the decisions made and, accordingly, on the decision-making process itself. The main goal of this study is to analyze the reliability of International Energy Security Risk Index as a tool to support the process of energy and economy transition decision making, as closely related and highly interdependent phenomena. The index is composed of 29 aggregated variables (grouped into eight categories), and the research is conducted on a research sample of 25 countries over a period of 36 years. The reliability assessment is performed by using Multiple Regression Analysis. Multicollinearity test, plus Multicollinearity test with Variance Inflation Factors, is used for methodological verification. The test results indicate a high degree of unreliability of the Index, as is concluded based on the observed errors in its methodological settings. These errors primarily relate to a high degree of multicollinearity in all 29 variables, whereby independent variables lose their independence and thus jeopardize reliability of the total Index. Out of the eight groups of variables, the fuel imports group is the only one that does not show big methodological errors. The paper presents a recommendation for the improvement of the observed Index (review of the role of individual variables found to be particularly methodologically indicative), as well as a recommendation for different distribution of weighting coefficients. Keywords: energy and economy transition, decision making, international energy security risk index, multiple regression analysis, multicollinearity test, multicollinearity test with variance inflation factors Published in DKUM: 04.02.2025; Views: 0; Downloads: 7
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6. Multicriteria assessment of the quality of waste sorting centers - ǂaǂ case studyKarmen Pažek, Jernej Prišenk, Simon Bukovski, Boris Prevolšek, Črtomir Rozman, 2020, original scientific article Abstract: In this paper, the quality of the municipal waste sorting process in seven waste management centers in Slovenia was assessed using the qualitative multicriteria analysis (MCA) method DEX (Decision EXpert) implemented in DEXi software, which is based on multicriteria decomposition of the problem and utility functions in the form of ʺif-thenʺ decision rules. The study was based on eight types of secondary raw materials. The quality of the secondary raw materials, the regularity of the delivery of secondary raw materials to recycling units based on the sorting efficiency, and the loading weight of the individual baled fractions in the transport of secondary raw materials for recycling were the main parameters used in the model. The final assessment shows good waste management service in centers A and D. Centers B, C, and F were rated ʺaverageʺ. The ʺbadʺ rating was assigned to centers E and G. Keywords: waste sorting, quality management, multicriteria decision analysis, expert system DEXi Published in DKUM: 03.02.2025; Views: 0; Downloads: 4
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7. Foreign language effect (FLE) among Slovenian students who speak Slovene and English : m. a. thesisNaj Vujinič Kukovec, 2024, master's thesis Abstract: This thesis explores the impact of foreign language on moral decision making by analyzing the occurrence called Foreign Language Effect (FLE) among Slovenian primary, secondary, and university students. Students were presented with two moral dilemmas (the trolley dilemma and the footbridge dilemma) and presumed that the students would decide on the utilitarian choice in higher number when said dilemmas are presented in foreign language (English) than when they are presented in their native language (Slovene). The study dealt with three separate groups divided by educational level of students that were further split into a control group and a test group. Participants also varied by age, gender, and proficiency in the foreign language. A total of 184 of students participated in the study, responding to moral dilemmas presented in their native language (Slovene) and English. Results indicate that FLE exists as an occurrence among Slovene students across all levels of education but to various degrees. The highest impact of the FLE was viewed among primary school students who are poorer in fluency in the foreign language than both secondary and university students. FLE was more pronounced in the footbridge dilemma than in the trolley dilemma across all educational levels. Gender differences were also noted, with male students showing higher levels of FLE than females. These findings expand our understanding of FLE and add another language group onto the spectrum of foreign language effect research while also highlighting the importance of age, gender, and proficiency in the foreign language on the decision-making process. Keywords: Foreign Language Effect (FLE), Slovene students, moral decision making, dilemma, utilitarianism Published in DKUM: 09.01.2025; Views: 0; Downloads: 27
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8. Application of the VIKOR method for solving problems in logisticsStojanče Mijalkovski, Vasko Stefanov, Dejan Mirakovski, 2024, original scientific article Abstract: When companies make strategic decisions, responsible persons must take into account as many influential parameters as possible so that the solution to the given problem is the most optimal, that is, they make the most appropriate decision. Multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) can find a very large application for solving such very complex and important issues, where it is of particular importance that the company makes the most appropriate decision. Making the optimal decision for a given problem directly affects the financial performance of a given company. In this paper, the VIKOR method will be applied, which until now has not been used to solve problems related to the choice of warehouse location, but is very often and very successfully used to solve various complex problems when applying multi-criteria decision making (MCDM). The purpose of this paper is to show that the VIKOR method can be successfully applied to select the optimal warehouse location for a company that has subsidiaries in multiple locations. Keywords: selection, location, warehouse, multi-criteria decision making, VIKOR method Published in DKUM: 17.12.2024; Views: 0; Downloads: 185
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9. Spatial modelling of the transport mode choice : application on the Vienna transport networkSimona Šinko, Bojan Rupnik, Klemen Prah, Tomaž Kramberger, 2021, original scientific article Abstract: A new approach for spatial modelling of transport mode choice is presented in the paper. The approach tackles the problem by considering the trade-off between subjective and objective factors. To obtain mode Preference Rates (PRs) based on subjective factors, the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) method is applied. The objective factors are expressed with the journey time from any point in the map to destination according to the available transport mode choice on the specific connection. The results are presented as PRs of individual transport modes. The model is validated on the con-ducted the survey, with students of Vienna University of Economics and Business (WU) as a target audience. Members of different target groups (age, national, employment) decide differently regarding the transport choice, so it is better to analyse them separately. The presented model can be used for the city transport planning in any urban area. It can help promote the sustainable modes of transport in the areas that are less adjusted in sustainable manner. Keywords: transport mode choice, passenger transport, spatial modelling, city transport planning, city mobility, urban logistics, ergonomics, AHP, decision-making policy, GIS, students, objective and subjective factors, transport management Published in DKUM: 10.12.2024; Views: 0; Downloads: 7
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10. Decision-making in sustainable energy transition in Southeastern Europe : probabilistic network-based modelNena Hribar, Goran Šimić, Simonida Vukadinović, Polona Šprajc, 2021, original scientific article Abstract: Background: Sustainable energy transition of a country is complex and long-term process, which requires decision-making in all stages and at all levels, including a large number of different factors, with different causality. The main objective of this paper is the development of a probabilistic model for decision-making in sustainable energy transition in developing countries of SE Europe. The model will be developed according to the specificities of the countries for which it is intended—SE Europe. These are countries where energy transition is slower and more difficult due to many factors: high degree of uncertainty, low transparency, corruption, investment problems, insufficiently reliable data, lower level of economic development, high level of corruption and untrained human resources. All these factors are making decision-making more challenging and demanding.
Methods: Research was done by using content analysis, artificial intelligence methods, software development method and testing. The model was developed by using MSBNx—Microsoft Research’s Bayesian Network Authoring and Evaluation Tool.
Results: Due to the large number of insufficiently clear, but interdependent factors, the model is developed on the principle of probabilistic (Bayesian) networks of factors of interest. The paper presents the first model for supporting decision-making in the field of energy sustainability for the region of Southeastern Europe, which is based on the application of Bayesian Networks.
Conclusion: Testing of the developed model showed certain characteristics, discussed in paper. The application of developed model will make it possible to predict the short-term and long-term consequences that may occur during energy transition by varying these factors. Recommendations are given for further development of the model, based on Bayesian networks. Keywords: sustainable energy transition, SE Europe, decision-making, Bayesian networks Published in DKUM: 19.08.2024; Views: 88; Downloads: 12
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