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Abstract: The master’s thesis is devoted to the issue of Artificial Intelligence (AI) perspectives in the judiciary, in particular, its application to selected parts of civil proceedings. AI affects virtually the future of every industry and every human being. The application of AI technologies in the legal industry is an issue of growing interest. In particular, attention is drawn to the judicial system due to the fact that, apart from its position of guarantor of justice in society enabling its members to enjoy their rights and freedoms granted by law, it is a service of its nature. Almost all leading jurisdictions apply AI systems in attempts to enhance the efficiency of the court proceedings. Without any doubts, AI already and successfully can imitate activities traditionally performed by humans in the courts: from vision, recognising and extracting information, whether from the document, picture or natural speech, to analysing of information received and predicting the outcomes or decision-making. However, it is hard to say that AI-era in the judiciary has already begun. There is no jurisdiction in the world in which AI is fully given ‘green light’- they are all at the beginning of the AI-journey. That is mostly due to the fact that the same technical specifications, which power achievements, accuracy and flexibility of AI, place serious limitations for the wide application thereof. First of all, AI systems rely on data, which can be biased or spoiled in another way initially or easily manipulated later. Secondly, AI systems are not transparent (black-box-problem) and, as a result, are incomprehensible. These two shortcomings place an obstacle for the correct realisation of some fundamental rights in civil proceedings in their traditional understanding, and consequently, for the wide deployment of AI systems therein. It is concluded that the application of AI in the judiciary, in general, and in the civil proceedings, in particular, is subject of sufficient limitations mostly due to incompliance of AI systems with the traditional understanding of fundamental rights and principles the civil proceedings stand on. In the pursuit of the effectiveness of judiciary by means of AI application, fundamental guarantees can appear at stake, and vice versa, in the pursuit of respect of fundamental rights, the judiciary may be left out of the modern world in the stage of complete inadequacy to the needs of the society, therefore, the issue is required extensive research in order to find a fair and right balance.
Keywords: artificial intelligence, judiciary, civil proceedings, AI-judge, efficiency of the judiciary, automatic decision-making
Published in DKUM: 24.09.2021; Views: 296; Downloads: 63
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Abstract: After this general observation of decision processes we want to have a look at two decision making situations, that necessitate these processes, more detailed: Investment decisions are on the agenda for small and medium-sized companies, while acquisition decisions are more relevant in larger companies.
Keywords: decision-making, investment decisions, acquisition decisions, monetary assessment, effects, economic-ecological net effect
Published in DKUM: 11.05.2018; Views: 701; Downloads: 45
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Abstract: As a leader’s behavior can have a strong impact on different employee work- related outcomes, various approaches have been put forth in an effort to determine the most effective form of leadership and determinants of individuals’ choice of leadership style. This paper analyzed whether one’s choice of leadership style is due more to personal or organizational characteristics. We used survey data to investigate the determinants of leadership style among Montenegrin managers. Our analysis showed that, although demographic characteristics such as gender, age, and education do not influence the choice of leadership style, internal organizational characteristics such as hierarchical level, managerial orientation to tasks/people, and decision-making characteristics such as decision- making style and decision-making environment are positively associated with the choice of democratic leadership style. This contributes to recent research in leadership that shows how some personal characteristics are considered to be less important in developing certain styles and that the choice of style is more dependent and contingent on external influences and situations.
Keywords: decision-making characteristics, demographic characteristics, internal organizational characteristics, leadership style, Montenegro
Published in DKUM: 03.05.2018; Views: 653; Downloads: 44
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Abstract: Basic ethical questions, dilemmas and especially decisions do not only affect the life of an individual but can also affect lives of others. In some professional ethics, where decisions about a person's life or death are made, decisions can even be irreversible. In this contribution three ways of deciding by highlighting critical, and reflective decision-making or systematic thought process as the most effective method in ethics have been pointed out. Therefore, taking ethics as a critically reflective morality highlights the fact that we can talk about ethical exploration, so ethics is a process of thinking, not a set of established answers that need only to be passively accepted. It could be concluded that the study of and practice in, evaluating arguments and evidence (moral decision making) via critical thinking as well as using other important skills (raising questions according to Blooms taxonomy and doing a lot of case studies) is the best way to achieve the most fundamental goal in teaching an ethical course -- becoming a better person. And is therefore something that should be in every curriculum.
Keywords: authority, critical thinking, ethics, teaching ethics, decision making, intuitions
Published in DKUM: 19.12.2017; Views: 603; Downloads: 96
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Keywords: education, research, systems, modeling, group decision making
Published in DKUM: 29.11.2017; Views: 620; Downloads: 80
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