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Keywords: tehnološki proces, planiranje montaže, prilagodljiva proizvodnja, eng, production costs, planning, production system
Published: 11.05.2009; Views: 2062; Downloads: 212
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Abstract: This paper presents self-manufacturing cost estimation, cost optimization and competitiveness of different composite floor systems: composite I beams, composite trusses produced from rolled channel sections and composite trusses made from cold formed hollow sections. Part 1 of this two-part series of papers presents the estimation of the self-manufacturing (direct production) costs for composite and steel structures. The self-manufacturing costs are proposed to be defined as the sum of the material, the power consumption and the labour costs. The material costs of the structural steel, concrete, reinforcement, the shear connectors, electrodes, the anti-corrosion, fire protection and top coat painting, the formwork floor-slab panels and gas consumption are presented in detail. The power consumption costs comprise costs of sawing the steel sections, edge grinding, drilling, welding, stud welding and vibrating the concrete. The labour costs (times) presented define the costs of metal cutting, edge grinding, preparation, assembling and tacking, welding, welding of shear connectors, steel surface preparation and protection, drilling, cutting, placing and connecting the reinforcement, concreting, consolidating and curing the concrete. New approximation functions are proposed for the calculation of some manufacturing times and material consumptions. As the discussed costs vary significantly around the world, the proposed cost expressions are given in the open form to be used for cost estimation in different economic conditions. A numerical example of the estimation of the self-manufacturing costs for a composite I beam floor system shows the suitability of the proposed approach. On the basis of the defined self-manufacturing costs, introduced in Part 1, the cost optimization and the competitiveness of different composite floor systems are discussed in Part 2.
Keywords: cost estimation, self-manufacturing costs, material costs, power consumption costs, labour costs, steel structures, composite structures, welded structures
Published: 30.05.2012; Views: 1291; Downloads: 18
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Abstract: One of the orientations of the tool-making industry is towards shortening the time from enquiry to the supply of tools. The tool-making shops must prepare within the shortest possible time an offer for the manufacturer of the tool based on the enquiry in the form of the CAD-model of the final product. For preparation of a proper offer, the values of certain technological features occurring in the manufacture of the tool are needed. Most frequently the tool manufacturer is interested in total cost for manufacture of the tool. Because of lack of time for making a detailed analysis the total costs of tool manufacture are predicted by the expert on the basis of the experience gathered during several years of work in this area. In our work, we conceived an intelligent system for predicting of total cost of the tool manufacture. We limited ourselves to tools for manufacture of sheet metal products by stamping; the system is based on the concept of case-based reasoning. On the basis of target and source cases, the system prepares the prediction of costs.The target case is the CAD-model in whose costs we are interested, whereas the source cases are the CAD-model of products, for which the tools had already been made, and the relevant total costs are known. The system first abstracts from CAD-models the geometrical features, and then it calculates the similarities between the source cases and target case. Then the most similar cases are used for preparation of prediction by genetic programming method. The genetic programming method provides the model connecting the individual geometrical features with total costs searched for. In the experimental work, we made a system adapted for predicting of tool costs used for tool manufacture on the basis of a theoretic model. The results show that the quality of predictions made by the intelligent system is comparable to the quality assured by the experienced expert.
Keywords: intelligent systems, prediction of costs, tool-making, stamping, CAD model, costs, genetic programming
Published: 01.06.2012; Views: 1035; Downloads: 47
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Keywords: strategic planning, economics of the enterprise, strategy, development strategy, enterprise, boundary, holding companies, mergers, complexity, decision, decision making, transactions, costs, market, swap, industrial organization, evolution, partnership, companies, corporations, competition, pozitioning, advantage, sustainable development, international business, organizing, chains, internal entrepreneurship
Published: 01.06.2012; Views: 1555; Downloads: 28
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Keywords: CD-ROM, compact disc, computer application, finance, theory, enterprises, business finance, fundamental analysis, valuation, corporations, decision making, business decision-making, financial market, investment banks, banking systems, money, cash flows, interest rate, taxes, financial statements, end checking, financial planning, income, return on equity, capital, costs, budgeting, dividends, working capital, productions means, investments, investment decision-making, textbooks
Published: 02.06.2012; Views: 1158; Downloads: 23
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