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Improving the economic and environmental performances of the beet sugar industry in Slovenia: increasing fuel efficiency and using by-products for ethanol
Damjan Krajnc, Miro Mele, Peter Glavič, 2007, original scientific article

Abstract: This paper investigates the possibilities of attaining zero-waste emissions inthe case of sugar production. The case-studied sugar plant located in Slovenia reflected a typical plant, using traditional sugar production from beet. An investigation of the possible use of waste and by-products from sugarprocessing was carried out, in order to approach zero-waste from beet sugar processing. The sugar production process was simulated and optimization was carried out concerning energy utilization. Consumption of energy in the chosen sugar plant was lowered by simultaneous optimization of the evaporationand crystallization process. Changing the fuel type used in the case-studied sugar plant (replacement of heavy fuel oil with natural gas) produced a significant decrease in air emission. Opportunities in the sugar industry have been discovered for adapting to new market conditions through the optimization of combined sugar-ethanol production. The two proposed options have been economically and environmentally evaluated and compared.
Keywords: kemična industrija, trajnostni razvoj, proizvodnja sladkorja, minimiranje porabe energije, evaporacija, etanol, chemical industries, sustainable development, sugar production, energy minimization, evaporation, ethanol, zero waste
Published in DKUM: 01.06.2012; Views: 2352; Downloads: 97
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Assessment of the consequences of accident scenarios involving dangerous substances
Zorka Novak-Pintarič, 2007, original scientific article

Abstract: This paper highlights the major steps in the procedure for evaluating the consequences of accidents involving dangerous substances, especially during storage, loading and unloading activities. The procedure relies on identifying accident scenarios that could be encountered in particular plants, followed by modelling of these scenarios by means of available modelling systems. Finally, the resultant outcomes are identified, together with their effects on both people and property. The resources needed to perform this proceedure are discussed, in order to clarify the roles of operators, external experts and other institutions when evaluating any accident conesquences. Four examples, all relevant in industrial practice, are given in order to illustrate the procedure: the releasing of liquefied petroleum gas, flammable organic solvents, toxic chlorine, and fuel oil. The results of these studies may be used for a quick order-of-magnitude estimation of accidents consequences.
Keywords: chemical industries, dangerous substances, transportation, storage, risk, accidents, consequences estimation, Seveso II, loading, unloading, safety report
Published in DKUM: 01.06.2012; Views: 2148; Downloads: 99
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How to compare companies on relevant dimensions of sustainability
Damjan Krajnc, Peter Glavič, 2005, original scientific article

Abstract: Dozens of frameworks of sustainability assessment that focus on the performance of companies have been suggested by now. They propose using numerous sustainability indicators, which are generally measured in very different units. While it is important to assess sustainability with several indicators, it may sometimes be difficult to make comparisons among companies based on a large number of performance measurements. This paper presents a model for designing a composite sustainable development index that depicts performance of companies along all the three dimensions of sustainability-economic, environmental, and societal. In the first part of thepaper, the procedure of calculating the index that would enable comparisonsof companies in specific sector regarding sustainability performance is presented. However, the emphasis of the paper is on the second part, where the effectiveness of the proposed model is illustrated with a casestudy in which two companies from specific sector are compared regarding their sustainability performance.
Keywords: chemical industries, sustainable development, sustainability indicators, composed index, sustainability assessment
Published in DKUM: 01.06.2012; Views: 2044; Downloads: 112
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