1. Waste Lignocellulosic Biomass as a Source for Bioethanol ProductionKlemen Rola, Sven Gruber, Danijela Urbancl, Darko Goričanec, 2024, original scientific article Abstract: Synthetically produced biofuels play a critical role in the energy transition away from fossil fuels. Biofuels could effectively lower greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and contribute to better air quality. One of these biofuels is bioethanol, which could act as a gasoline replacement. For this purpose, a simulation of bioethanol production through lignocellulosic biomass fermentation, focused on distillation, was carried out in simulation software Aspen Plus. Since the possibility of absolute ethanol production through distillation is limited by the ethanol–water azeotrope, pressure swing distillation (PSD) was used to obtain fuel-grade ethanol (EtOH) with a fraction of 99.60 wt.%. The flowsheet was optimised with NQ analysis, which is a simple optimisation method for distillation columns. We found that the PSD has the potential to concentrate the EtOH to a desired value, while simultaneously removing other unwanted impurities whose presence is a consequence of pretreatment and fermentation processes.
Keywords: bioethanol, distillation, lignocellulosic biomass, azeotrope, Aspen Plus
Published in DKUM: 14.08.2024; Views: 99; Downloads: 6
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2. Study on commercially available membranes for alkaline direct ethanol fuel cellsMichaela Roschger, Sigrid Wolf, Andreas Billiani, Kurt Mayer, Maša Hren, Selestina Gorgieva, Boštjan Genorio, Viktor Hacker, 2023, original scientific article Abstract: This study provides a comparison of different commercially available low-cost anion exchange membranes (AEMs), a microporous separator, a cation exchange membrane (CEM), and an anionic-treated CEM for their application in the liquid-feed alkaline direct ethanol fuel cell (ADEFC). Moreover, the effect on performance was evaluated taking two different modes of operation for the ADEFC, with AEM or CEM, into consideration. The membranes were compared with respect to their physical and chemical properties, such as thermal and chemical stability, ion-exchange capacity, ionic conductivity, and ethanol permeability. The influence of these factors on performance and resistance was determined by means of polarization curve and electrochemical impedance spectra (EIS) measurements in the ADEFC. In addition, the influence of two different commercial ionomers on the structure and transport properties of the catalyst layer and on the performance were analyzed with scanning electron microscopy, single cell tests, and EIS. The applicability barriers of the membranes were pointed out, and the ideal combinations of membrane and ionomer for the liquid-feed ADEFC achieved power densities of approximately 80 mW cm–2 at 80 °C.
Keywords: bioethanol, electrodes, fluoropolymers, ionomers, membranes
Published in DKUM: 26.03.2024; Views: 189; Downloads: 19
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3. Comparative study of various renewable fuels blends to run a diesel power plantEloisa Torres Jiménez, Marta Svoljšak, Andreja Gregorc, M. P. Dorado, Breda Kegl, 2010, published scientific conference contribution Abstract: In this paper bioethanol/diesel and bioethanol/biodiesel blends, at several concentrations and temperatures, are studied to find its possible commercial usage as a fuel to run a diesel power plant. The tested fuels were: net mineral diesel fuel (D100) , 5 % bioethanol/diesel fuel blend (v/v) (E5D95), 10 % bioethanol/diesel fuel blend (v/v) (E10D90), 15 % bioethanol/diesel fuel blend (v/v) (E15D85), neat biodiesel (B100), 5 % bioethanol/biodiesel blend (v/v) (E5B95), 10 % bioethanol/biodiesel blend (v/v) (E10B90), and 15 % bioethanol/biodiesel blend (v/v) (E15B85). The fuels were tested at: 30, 25, 8and -18 C. This paper shows the observations done in 8 samples during 5 weeks. After each week, each sample was overviewed, and changes related to stability, colour and aggregation were recorded. It has been proved that additives are not necessary to ensure stability of bioethanol/biodiesel blends under low temperature conditions, as the phase separation never happens.But in case of bioethanol/diesel blends some additives are necessary to keep stability under low temperature conditions. Based on this study, it can be concluded that blends of biodiesel fuel with bioethanol up to 15% can be used to fuel a diesel power plant if engine performance tests corroborate it. The same conclusion can be applied to blends of diesel fuel with bioethanol up to 15% blends if additives to keep stability are added.
Keywords: alternative fuel, biodiesel, bioethanol, heat engines, fuels blend
Published in DKUM: 31.05.2012; Views: 2554; Downloads: 0 |
4. Comparative study of various renewable fuels blends to run a diesel power plantEloisa Torres Jiménez, Marta Svoljšak, Andreja Gregorc, M. P. Dorado, Breda Kegl, 2010, published scientific conference contribution Abstract: In this paper bioethanol/diesel and bioethanol/biodiesel blends, at several concentrations and temperatures, are studied to find its possible commercial usage as a fuel to run a diesel power plant. The tested fuels were: net mineral diesel fuel (D100) , 5 % bioethanol/diesel fuel blend (v/v) (E5D95), 10 % bioethanol/diesel fuel blend (v/v) (E10D90), 15 % bioethanol/diesel fuel blend (v/v) (E15D85), neat biodiesel (B100), 5 % bioethanol/biodiesel blend (v/v) (E5B95), 10 % bioethanol/biodiesel blend (v/v) (E10B90), and 15 % bioethanol/biodiesel blend (v/v) (E15B85). The fuels were tested at: 30, 25, 8 and -18 C. This paper shows the observations done in 8 samples during 5 weeks. After each week, each sample was overviewed, and changes related to stability, colour and aggregation were recorded. It has been proved that additives are not necessary to ensure stability of bioethanol/biodiesel blends under low temperature conditions, as the phase separation never happens. But in case of bioethanol/diesel blends some additives are necessary to keep stability under low temperature conditions. Based on this study, it can be concluded that blends of biodiesel fuel with bioethanol up to 15% can be used to fuel a diesel power plant if engine performance tests corroborate it. The same conclusion can be applied to blends of diesel fuel with bioethanol up to 15% blends if additives to keep stability are added.
Keywords: alternative fuels, biodiesel, bioethanol, heat engines, fuels blend
Published in DKUM: 31.05.2012; Views: 2328; Downloads: 0 |
