1. Factors affecting Zoo visitors’ conservation beliefs and knowledge of large carnivores in 2009 and a dozen years laterVesna Mihelič Oražem, Aleksandra Majić Skrbinšek, Andrej Šorgo, Iztok Tomažič, 2022, original scientific article Abstract: Teaching in a formal learning environment mainly focuses on gaining knowledge, and scarcely on the development of pro-environmental attitudes. Knowledge can also be gained in informal learning institutions, such as zoos, and their potential use in general public education should not be neglected. This paper explores factors influencing the conservation beliefs of zoo visitors about brown bears, grey wolves, and Eurasian lynx. The study undertaken in Zoo Ljubljana (Slovenia) consisted of surveys performed in 2009 (n = 613) and in 2021 (n = 257). The levels of knowledge and education influenced both supporting and opposing beliefs about the three large carnivore species. The gender factor was less uniform: both supporting and opposing beliefs about lynx were demonstrated, but only opposing beliefs about brown bear and wolf. The study indicates that knowledge has the most significant influence on conservation beliefs, thus highlighting the importance of educational and communication activities in management and conservation actions regarding large carnivore species. The varied gender influence suggests that species-specific educational activities should be encouraged.
Keywords: large carnivores, conservation beliefs, knowledge, zoo visitors
Published in DKUM: 11.07.2024; Views: 65; Downloads: 10
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2. Multilevel analysis of COVID-19 vaccination intention : the moderating role of economic and cultural country characteristicsMonika Lamot, Andrej Kirbiš, 2024, original scientific article Abstract: Predictors of COVID-19 (coronavirus) vaccination have been extensively researched; however, the contextual factors contributing to understanding vaccination intention remain largely unexplored. The present study aimed to investigate the moderating role of economic development (Gross domestic product - GDP per capita), economic inequality (Gini index), the perceived corruption index and Hofstede’s measurements of cultural values—index of individualism/collectivism and power distance index—in the relationship between determinants of satisfaction with the healthcare system, trust in political institutions, conspiracy beliefs and COVID-19 vaccination intention. Methods: A multilevel modelling approach was employed on a sample of approximately 51 000 individuals nested within 26 countries. Data were drawn from the European Social Survey Round 10. The model examined the effect of individual- and country-level predictors and their interaction on vaccination intention. Results: Satisfaction with the healthcare system had a stronger positive effect on intention to get vaccinated in countries with lower perceived corruption and more individualistic countries. Trust in political institutions had a stronger positive effect on vaccination intention in countries with higher economic development and lower perceived corruption, while a negative effect of conspiracy beliefs on vaccination intention was stronger in countries with lower economic development, higher perceived corruption and a more collectivistic cultural orientation. Conclusion: Our findings highlight the importance of considering individual and contextual factors when addressing vaccination intention.
Keywords: COVID-19 vaccination intention, multilevel analyses, satisfaction with the health system, trust in political institutions, conspiracy beliefs
Published in DKUM: 08.04.2024; Views: 288; Downloads: 22
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3. Bayesians still don’t learn from conditionalsMario Günther, Borut Trpin, 2023, original scientific article Abstract: One of the open questions in Bayesian epistemology is how to rationally learn from indicative conditionals (Douven, 2016). Eva et al. (Mind 129(514):461–508, 2020) propose a strategy to resolve this question. They claim that their strategy provides a “uniquely rational response to any given learning scenario”. We show that their updating strategy is neither very general nor always rational. Even worse, we generalize their strategy and show that it still fails. Bad news for the Bayesians.
Keywords: beliefs, belief updating, conditionals, formal epistemology
Published in DKUM: 19.03.2024; Views: 214; Downloads: 12
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4. Legal aspects of the safety of healthcare professionals working with migrantsDalila Olinda de Sá Gomes da Costa Brito, Idalina Vilela, Noemia Bessa Vilela, 2017, original scientific article Abstract: The coexistence of multiple cultures is a challenge that requires behavioral changes for the health professionals, in particular nurses. This work´s objective was to understand the factors and beliefs that influence the demand for health care from immigrants in the Porto metropolitan area (Portugal), and their accessibility to the health services. We developed an exploratory-descriptive qualitative study. We obtained the data through semi-structured interviews of eleven Ukrainian residents of the Porto metropolitan area. We used the twelve cultural domains of Purnell. Sampling was non-probability, of convenience and in ˝snowball˝. Participants were required to give their free and informed consent. The results indicated some difficulties accessing health care due to inefficient communication, resulting from the language barrier and/or of different interpretations, and the disarticulation between the different immigrant support services. This study allowed the implementation of strategies designed to promote health care directed to immigrants, taking into consideration the diversity and vulnerability when accessing health services.
Keywords: legal aspects, immigrants, needs, nurse care, interculturality, beliefs
Published in DKUM: 09.10.2018; Views: 1118; Downloads: 161
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5. Interactive learning environment for children in the beliefs of pre-school teachersMagdalena Grochowalska, 2014, other scientific articles Abstract: The following academic article is based on a PhD thesis that is currently being completed, titled Education and Qualifications of Elementary School Teachers in the U.S. State of Kansas and Slovenia for teaching in classes with immigrant children. The research study titled Integrating Multicultural Subject Matters into Teaching Strategies of Elementary School Teachers (The U.S. State of Kansas), conducted in 2007 based on a sample of 89 elementary school teachers in the U.S. State of Kansas, represents one aspect of assessing the adequacy of undergraduate education regarding multicultural subject matters for elementary school teachers in Slovenia and the U.S. (State of Kansas) as well as the qualifications of elementary school teachers of both countries for working with immigrant children. Despite the long-standing tradition of multicultural education in western countries, the research results for Kansas elementary school teachers showed a presence of significant discrepancies between the actual and optimal integration of multicultural subject matters. These results indicate that future undergraduate study programs will have to invest more time in developing multicultural skills and providing practical experiences for working in a diverse environment.
Keywords: learning environment, preschool child, preschool teachers` beliefs, sociocultural approach
Published in DKUM: 21.12.2015; Views: 1723; Downloads: 119
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6. Musical creativity in Slovenian elementary schoolsJanja Črčinovič Rozman, 2009, original scientific article Abstract: Background: The Slovenian music education curriculum for the first years of elementary school emphasises the following musical activities in the classroom: singing, playing instruments, listening to music, movement to music and musical creativity. In the field of musical creativity, there are two activities where students can be original and creative: making music and moving or drawing/painting activities stimulated by music. Purpose: This research investigated musical creativity in Slovenian elementary schools, its observable characteristics and some of the similarities among the statements made by students and teachers. Sample: The study involved 118 eight-and-a-half to nine-year-old students from five schools in Slovenia, and 51 elementary classroom teachers - 25 of them came from the same five elementary schools as the students and 26 of them came from another four schools located in different parts of the Republic of Slovenia. Students and teachers who took part in our study attended/or worked at the third grade level during the 2004 school year. Design and methods: For the study, two questionnaires were completed using closed and open questions. The teachers had more questions than the students. Some of the questions were the same for both. The data received from the questionnaire was analysed qualitatively and quantitatively. The chi-square test was used to check the relationship betweenthe answers given by students and the answers given by the teachers. Results: We found that creativity in music does exist in the classrooms, but there is only an emphasis being put on activities stimulated by music, and noton creating music. The opinions of the students and classroom teachers overlapped in the following areas: in the types of creative activity preferred, in assessing the successfulness of creative activities, in the feedback following the creative activity, and concerning the amount and difficulty of the tasks performed. The only important difference between the answers found was in assessing the teachers' role in leading the musical activity during the lesson. The reasons for such similar reactions were: (1) that the teacher's expectations were effectively conveyed to the students, and/or (2) the children's self-perception was being formed through an awareness and interpretation of the environment around them. Conclusions: The investigation showed that the students and teachers are satisfied with creative musical activities in the classroom, however, they are not aware of all the aspects of creative musical thinking as well as the criteria for the evaluation of musical creativity. It seems that they are not fully acquainted with the strategies for teaching musical composition and improvisation. The role of university programmes that specialise in music pedagogy should be to produce teachers who will be able to provide creative musical activities in anappropriate manner, and to organise more seminars of similar content for student-teachers during their practical training.
Keywords: musical education, musical creativity, improvisation, music teachers, expectations, beliefs, self-perception, primary education
Published in DKUM: 07.06.2012; Views: 2605; Downloads: 150
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