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Abstract: V magistrski nalogi smo se osredotočili na oceno pričakovanih emisij, ki postaja pomemben izziv načrtovalne stroke in vse pomembnejši dejavnik pri sprejemanju prometno političnih odločitev in načrtovanju prometne infrastrukture. S pomočjo modeliranja in simulacij smo preučili, kako vplivajo različni hitrostni režimi in ukrepi za umirjanja prometa v urbanem območju, na obseg emisij, ki jih povzroča motorni promet. Za bistveno razumevanje praktičnega dela, so v nalogi opisani aspekti in delovanje programskih orodij VISSIM in ENVIVER, ki so bili glavni pripomočki, za ocenjevanje emisij. Magistrska naloga prikazuje model krajšega odseka Koroške ceste v Mariboru, v katerem smo izvajali različne spremembe simulacije prometnega toka in ukrepov za umirjanje prometa. Analiza rezultatov prikazuje nihanje količine emisij, ki jih povzročajo ukrepi za umirjanje prometa in povečanje prometnega toka v urbanih območjih. V nalogi smo se omejili na oceno emisij NOX, PM10 in CO2.
Keywords: modeliranje prometa in izpustov, Vissim, Enviver, ocenjevanje emisij motornega prometa
Published in DKUM: 20.03.2019; Views: 1476; Downloads: 173
Full text (4,96 MB)

Abstract: The thesis researches the application of neural networks in computer program calibration of traffic micro-simulation models. The calibration process is designed on the basis of the VISSIM micro-simulation model of local urban roundabouts. From the five analyzed methods of computer program calibration, Methods I, II and V were selected for a more detailed research. The three chosen calibration methods varied the number of outgoing traffic indicators predicted by neural networks and a number of neural networks in the computer program calibration procedure. Within the calibration program, the task of neural networks was to predict the output of VISSIM simulations for selected functional traffic parameters - traveling time between the measurement points and queue parameters (maximum queue and number of stopping at the roundabout entrance). The Databases for neural network training consisted of 1379 combinations of input parameters whereas the number of output indicators of VISSIM simulations was varied. The neural networks (176 of them) were trained and compared for the calibration process according to training and generalization criteria. The best neural network for each calibration method was chosen by using the two-phase validation of neural networks. The Method I is the calibration method based on calibration of a traffic indicator -traveling time and it enables validation related to the second observed indicator – queue parameters. Methods II and V connect the previously described calibration and validation procedures in one calibration process which calibrates input parameters according to two traffic indicators. Validation of the analyzed calibration methods was performed on three new sets of measured data - two sets at the same roundabout and one set on another location. The best results in validation of computer program calibration were achieved by the Method I which is the recommended method for computer program calibration. The modeling results of selected traffic parameters obtained by calibrated VISSIM traffic model were compared with: values obtained by measurements in the field, the existing analysis methods of operational roundabouts characteristics (Lausanne method, Kimber-Hollis, HCM) and modeling by the uncalibrated VISSIM model. The calibrated model shows good correspondence with measured values in real traffic conditions. The efficiency of the calibration process was confirmed by comparing the measured and modeled values of delays, of an independent traffic indicator that was not used in the process of calibration and validation of traffic micro-simulation models. There is also an example of using the calibrated model in the impact analysis of pedestrian flows on conflicting input and output flows of vehicles in the roundabout. Different traffic scenarios were analyzed in the real and anticipated traffic conditions.
Keywords: traffic models, traffic micro-simulation, calibration of the VISSIM model, computer program calibration method, neural networks in the calibration process, micro-simulation of roundabouts, traffic modeling parameters, driving time, queue parameters, delay
Published in DKUM: 02.06.2011; Views: 5471; Downloads: 384
Full text (13,21 MB)