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Abstract: The emergence of a pandemic is usually accompanied by different measures-economic, social, preventive, and (self)protective. In the case of the COVID-19, several preventive measures were formally enforced by state authorities in the majority of countries worldwide. Thus, during the COVID-19 pandemic, the intertwining of formal and informal social control could be observed. Hence, in this study a cross-sectional design was chosen to explore the issue in Slovenia. To the best of our knowledge, this research is the first in the current literature to empirically test the general deterrence theory in pandemic circumstances (as external factors predicting individuals' compliance with the COVID-19 preventive measures). The results suggest an important role of informal punishment, with perceived informal severity being the only statistically significant factor from the general deterrence theory. In contrast to external factors, internal factors play a significantly greater role in promoting people's self-protective behavior in pandemic circumstances. During the unknown, the uncertain and delicate situations with which people have no previous experience, both personal beliefs about the effectiveness of measures and perceived self-efficacy are more important than fear of formal sanctions.
Keywords: COVID-19, preventive measures, Slovenia
Published in DKUM: 01.10.2024; Views: 0; Downloads: 2
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Abstract: The case of Benedik v. Slovenia is a perfect example of the complexity between the right to privacy and covert investigative measures carried out by law enforcement in the digital age. Thus, this thesis aims to precisely explain the legislation governing the right to privacy under both internal law and the European Convention on Human Rights, with a particular emphasis on covert investigative measures. By exploring and defining the legal frameworks that protect the privacy rights of individuals, we aim to clarify the balance between state surveillance powers and individuals' privacy rights. The study systematically shows the evolution and current state of the legal provisions regarding covert investigative measures in Slovenia. The main focus of this thesis is the legal proceedings in the case of Benedik v. Slovenia. It serves as a prism through which the complexities of privacy protection, specifically, electronic privacy are analyzed in the context of data disclosure and internet usage. The study examines the legal proceedings at all court instances, including Kranj District Court, Ljubljana Higher Court, Supreme Court, and Constitutional Court of the Republic of Slovenia leading to a complaint that the applicant, Benedik, filed at the Strasbourg Court. The later ruling of the European Court of Human Rights addressed the interaction between domestic laws and international human rights norms in detail. An in-depth understanding of how covert investigative measures are integrated with the right to privacy is provided through an analysis of the arguments made, the legal reasoning used by the courts, and the verdicts issued. This thesis's comprehensive explanation offers valuable insights into the balance between state surveillance needs and the protection of individuals' right to privacy, highlighting the complexities of these issues in the modern digital age.
Keywords: Benedik v. Slovenia, analysis of the judicial proceedings, human rights, right to privacy, covert investigative measures
Published in DKUM: 28.08.2024; Views: 104; Downloads: 18
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Abstract: Temperate alluvial, riparian and lowland forests are the European forests with the greatest presence of invasive alien plants. Consequently, identifying the environmental conditions for and other drivers behind the establishment of invasive species in natural forest communities is crucial for understanding the invasibility of these habitats. We focused on fragments (patches) of Illyrian oak-hornbeam forest in NE Slovenia, which are the least studied in this regard. Because alien phanerophytes and therophytes are significantly over-represented compared to native plantsin lowland forests, we selected two representative invasives: the phanerophyte Prunus serotina and the therophyte Impatiens parviflora. By using logistic regression models on vegetation surveys, environmental data based on Ellenberg´s indicator values, and patch metrics, we identified patch characteristics explaining the presence of each species. Moreover, we included human impact in the models. We reveal significant characteristics differentiating P. serotina from I. parviflora. We also show that the perimeterarea ratio and soil nutrients of the forest patches correlate significantly with the presence of P. serotina, while human disturbance correlates significantly with the presence of I. parviflora. Our results and a similar approach for other invasive plant species can be applied to assess habitat invasibility on potential and species’ current geographic distribution, as well as to develop management plans.
Keywords: biological invasions, forest fragmentation, landscape metrics, habitat characteristics, human presence, anthropogenic factors, neophytes, Slovenia
Published in DKUM: 12.07.2024; Views: 136; Downloads: 11
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Abstract: The main purpose of this study was to examine the ethicality of future employees’ attitudes toward advancement in the workplace in Slovenia and Lithuania. This study focuses on students representing young adults from Generation Z as future employees in organizations. Using a survey of work-related issues, we collected 212 answers from Slovenian and 159 from Lithuanian' students from business faculties. We used t-tests and regression analyses to obtain results. We found that the future employees in Slovenia see organizationally beneficial behavior and self-indulgent behavior significantly more acceptable for their advancement, than their Lithuanian peers. No differences exist in the perception of destructive behavior among participants from both countries. Substantial differences in the importance of personal values ​​among Generation Z members in both societies, provide a strong support for the divergence nature of Generation Z across cultures. The impact of personal values on the ethicality of different behavior for advancement in the workplace among future employees in both societies is substantial, but biased and follows different patterns. In Slovenia, the dominant role has power, followed by hedonism, benevolence, security, conformity, tradition, and universalism, while in Lithuania, the dominant role belongs to self-direction, followed by tradition, universalism, security, achievement, and power. This study will help us to understand Generation Z values and their perceptions regarding ethicality of advancement in the workplace and enable organizations to manage the behavior of future employees.
Keywords: Generation Z, personal values, Slovenia, Lithuania, unethical practices, ethicality, behavior, advancement in the workplace
Published in DKUM: 11.07.2024; Views: 88; Downloads: 10
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Abstract: The main aim of this article was to outline how the appearance of COVID-19 changed the global competitiveness of Slovenian companies through the lenses of corporate social responsibility (CSR) and crisis management. Based on concepts of CSR and crisis management, we analyzed the responses of companies to ensure their competitiveness in a crisis situation. Two surveys among managers in Slovenian companies were carried out, one in March 2020 (N = 618) and the other in May 2020 (N = 486). Our results showed that internationally oriented companies responded more comprehensively and proactively to the challenges of doing business in the COVID-19 crisis compared to the companies that had operated mainly in the domestic market during this period. The analysis also showed that internationally oriented companies responded to the COVID-19 crisis with more comprehensive measures also using the concept of CSR and crisis management in comparison with companies that, in the time of the pandemic, operated mainly in the domestic market and used fewer principles of CSR and crisis management. The main theoretical implications of this survey are related to CSR development. They emphasize the interdependent importance of experience and impact in international business in connection with the concept of CSR and crisis management in times of COVID-19. Practical implications include proposals to streamline operations to maintain competitiveness and to take advantage of new business opportunities and effects, which are also encouraged through the use of the CSR concept and crisis management.
Keywords: COVID-19, pandemic, companies, competitiveness, CSR, crisis management, Slovenia
Published in DKUM: 05.07.2024; Views: 135; Downloads: 18
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