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Enzymatic esterification of glycerol and stearic acid in non-conventional media
Zsófia Csanádi, Katalin Bélafi-Bakó, Eszter Szentgyörgyi, László Gubicza, Željko Knez, Maja Leitgeb, 2010, original scientific article

Abstract: Ionic liquids as trihexyl-tetradecyl-phophonium-dicyanamide (Cyphos 105) and cocosalkyl-pentaethoxi-methyl-ammonium-methosulfate (Ammoeng 100) were applied for the esterification of stearic acid and glycerol using Candida antarctica lipase (Novozyme 435). When only ILs were applied as solvents at 1:15 initial substrate molar ratio the conversion was 76 and 78 % in the case of two kinds of ILs, respectively. Mixed the ILs and supercritical $CO_2$ the conversion reached 79 and 86 %. The conversion was found highest in supercritical $CO_2$, reached 90 %. Moreover formation of glycerol-di-stearate is much lower in the case of ILs comparing with $SCCO_2$.
Keywords: glycerol-mono-stearate, Lipase, ionic liquids, supercritical $CO_2$, carbon dioxide
Published in DKUM: 10.07.2015; Views: 1488; Downloads: 192
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Enzymatic fatty ester synthesis
Simona Pečnik, Željko Knez, 1992, original scientific article

Abstract: Fatty ester synthesis with immobilized 1,3-specific lipase from Mucor Miehei is described. 1,2-Isopropylidene glycerol was peoduced by condensation of glycerol with acetone was esterified with oleic acid in the presence of a Mucor Miehei lipaze (Lipozyme TM) to obtain 1,2 isopropylidene- 3-oleoyl glycerol. The effects of various process parameters (temperature and pressure)and various ratios (enzyme/substrate) have been investigated to determine optimal conditions for the esterification process. The highest conversion of oleic acid (80% w/w) was obtained at 55 oC and 57.057 bar, while the optimal addition of lipase to substrate was determined to be 0,096 g per gram of reaction mixture. The esterification can be modelled successfully as a reverse second order reaction. Thermodynamic properties of the reaction system at 55 oC and 0.057 bar were also determined. Activation energy was 20.82 kJ/mole, entropy of activation -0,26 kJ/(Kmole) and free energy of activation was 103.32 kJ/mole.
Keywords: chemical engineering, biotechnology, esterification, syntheses, esters, enzymes, lipase, Mucor miehei, reaction kinetics, reaction thermodynamics, 1, 2-isopropylidene-3-oleoyl glycerol
Published in DKUM: 06.06.2012; Views: 2549; Downloads: 99
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