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Abstract: Purpose – Ready-mix concrete delivery problem (RMCDP), a specific version of the vehicle routing problem (VRP), is a relevant supply-chain engineering task for construction management with various formulations and solving methods. This problem can range from a simple scenario involving one source, one material and one destination to a more challenging and complex case involving multiple sources, multiple materials and multiple destinations. This paper presents an Internet of Things (IoT)-supported active building information modeling (BIM) system for optimized multi-project ready-mix concrete (RMC) delivery. Design/methodology/approach – The presented system is BIM-based, IoT supported, dynamic and automatic input/output exchange to provide an optimal delivery program for multi-project ready-mix-concrete problem. The input parameters are extracted as real-time map-supported IoT data and transferred to the system via an application programming interface (API) into a mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) optimization model developed to perform the optimization. The obtained optimization results are further integrated into BIM by conventional project management tools. To demonstrate the features of the suggested system, an RMCDP example was applied to solve that included four building sites, seven eligible concrete plants and three necessary RMC mixtures. Findings – The system provides the optimum delivery schedule for multiple RMCs to multiple construction sites, as well as the optimum RMC quantities to be delivered, the quantities from each concrete plant that must be supplied, the best delivery routes, the optimum execution times for each construction site, and the total minimal costs, while also assuring the dynamic transfer of the optimized results back into the portfolio of multiple BIM projects. The system can generate as many solutions as needed by updating the real-time input parameters in terms of change of the routes, unit prices and availability of concrete plants. Originality/value – The suggested system allows dynamic adjustments during the optimization process, andis adaptable to changes in input data also considering the real-time input data. The system is based on spreadsheets, which are widely used and common tool that most stakeholders already utilize daily, while also providing the possibility to apply a more specialized tool. Based on this, the RMCDP can be solved using both conventional and advanced optimization software, enabling the system to handle even large-scale tasks as necessary.
Keywords: active building information modeling, BIM, internet of things, IoT, multi-project environment, optimization, ready-mix-concrete delivery, RMC
Published in DKUM: 11.09.2024; Views: 32; Downloads: 0

Abstract: Mobile cranes represent conventional construction machinery that is indispensable for the erection of most prefabricated buildings, especially those containing heavy components. However, it is also common knowledge that the engagement of these machines has a significant influence on the environment, various social aspects of the construction process, and its economic benefits. Optimal positioning of the mobile crane on the construction site, primarily driven by the contractor’s interest to perform assembly operations with expensive machinery as effectively as possible, considerably reduces not only the costs of engaging such a machine but indirectly also its negative impacts on construction sustainability. This paper discusses an exact nonlinear model for the optimization task. The optimization model consists of a cost objective function that is subject to various duration and positioning constraints for the mobile crane, including bounds on its degrees of freedom of movement and stop positions. Because the model formulation includes discontinuous and non-smooth expressions, nonlinear programming with discontinuous derivatives (DNLP) was employed to ensure the optimal solution was reached. The model provides the mobile crane operator with exact key information that enables the complete and optimal assembly of the building structure under consideration. Additionally, the information gained on the optimal distribution of the mobile crane rental period to assembly operations allows for a detailed duration analysis of the entire process of building structure erection, which can be used for its further improvement. An application example is given in this study to demonstrate the advantages of the proposed approach.
Keywords: construction sustainability, mobile crane, nonlinear programming with discontinuous derivatives, optimization, positioning
Published in DKUM: 18.12.2023; Views: 403; Downloads: 14
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Abstract: This article reviews the accomplishments of studies in which optimization tools were used to develop energy-efficient and sustainable construction schedules. With the increase in global awareness of environmental issues, the construction industry has been forced to explore innovative techniques to make the building process more energy-efficient and sustainable. Project managers can use optimization tools in their scheduling procedures to address these issues in the early stages of the project. Therefore, this paper examines different optimization-based construction scheduling methods and their impact on schedule energy efficiency and the three key sustainability goals: economic viability, social equity, and environmental protection. Such a review has not yet been conducted to the best of our knowledge. This research aims to fill the gap and contribute to understanding advanced optimization tools that can pave the way to energy-efficient and sustainable scheduling practices. After a brief introduction, the background of optimization-based construction scheduling techniques that aim to improve construction management and incorporate these aspects into the decision-making process is explained. Then, these approaches are addressed in detail. It is determined for each study whether it adopted energy efficiency goals and which sustainability dimensions it considered within the proposed optimization model. The results of this study indicate a wide heuristic algorithms application for complex scheduling problems. Meanwhile, mathematical programming is still quite unexplored, especially methods that utilize algebraic modeling languages. This study provides a foundation for further research by addressing the current reach in development and possible knowledge gaps that could be researched in future studies. The paper also discusses the advantages and limitations of different approaches and illustrates the potential for utilizing these methods. Supported by the main review findings, conclusions and recommendations for further research are provided.
Keywords: construction, project management, optimization tools, scheduling, sustainability, energy efficiency
Published in DKUM: 26.09.2023; Views: 393; Downloads: 20
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Abstract: V diplomski nalogi so predstavljeni organizacija gradbišča in tehnološki procesi vodnogospodarske ureditve v občini Šentilj v Slovenskih goricah v sklopu projekta Ureditev križanj cest z železnico na odseku železniške proge Pesnica-Šentilj-državna meja. V prvem delu so predstavljeni osnovni projektni podatki, kot so lokacija izvedbe vodnogospodarske ureditve, namen izvedbe omenjenega projekta ter proučitev pogojev za izgradnjo. V nadaljevanju diplomskega dela se osredotočimo na organizacijo gradbišča s tehničnim poročilom, v katerem so opisani dostop do gradbišča, komunalni priključki, začasni objekti, deponije, potrebna delovna sila in delovna sredstva ter varnost in zdravje pri delu. V zadnjem delu so opisani tehnološki procesi izvedbe vodnogospodarske ureditve ter materiali, ki se uporabljajo pri gradnji. Zaključni del naloge prikazuje situacijo organizacije gradbišča.
Keywords: gradbeništvo, organizacija gradbišča, gradbena dela, tehnološki procesi grajenja
Published in DKUM: 25.08.2022; Views: 892; Downloads: 83
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Abstract: V diplomski nalogi so predstavljeni organizacija gradbišča ter tehnološki procesi rekonstrukcije in novogradnje obstoječega bencinskega servisa Celje. Prvi del naloge prikazuje splošne podatke o projektu, predvideni investiciji, prav tako pa tudi opiše obstoječe stanje in nakazuje na predvideno novo stanje objekta. V nadaljevanju sledi proučevanje pogojev za gradnjo objekta, in sicer se posveča proučevanju projektne dokumentacije, gradbene pogodbe, lokacijskih zmožnosti, klimatskih razmer in razpoložljivosti internih virov podjetja. Jedro diplomskega dela predstavlja organizacija gradbišča, ki obsega dimenzioniranje vseh začasnih prostorov, deponij gradbenega materiala in opreme, priključitev na komunalno oskrbo in opise notranjih ter zunanjih transportov. Zadnji del naloge opisuje procese rekonstrukcije in novogradnje objekta, kjer so natančno opisani vsi postopki gradnje, ki jih izvedemo, da zagotovimo optimalno opravljeno delo. V zaključku je prikazan načrt organizacije gradbišča.
Keywords: gradbeništvo, gradbena dela, organizacija gradbišča, dokumentacija, tehnološki procesi gradnje
Published in DKUM: 15.09.2021; Views: 1281; Downloads: 166
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