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3. Determination of oxygen by means of a biogas and gas - interference study using an optical tris (4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline) ruthenium(II) dichloride complex sensorPolona Brglez, Andrej Holobar, Aleksandra Pivec, Nataša Belšak, Mitja Kolar, 2012, original scientific article Abstract: Biogas is a mixture of gases produced by anaerobic fermentation where biomass or animal waste is decomposed and methane and carbon dioxide are mainly released. Biogas also has a very high moisture content (up to 80%), temperatures of around 60 °C, high pressure, and can contain other gases ($N_2$, $H_2S$, $NH_3$ and $H_2$). We searched for an appropriate measuring system for the determining of oxygen in biogas, since the production process of biogas must be run under anaerobic conditions; as the presence of oxygen decreases the quality of the biogas. Ruthenium (II) complexes are by far the most widely-used oxygen dyes within optical oxygen sensors. In general, they have efficient luminescences, relatively long-life metal-ligand charge-transfer excited states, fast response times, strong visible absorptions, large Stokes shifts, and high-photochemical stability. The purpose of this work was to characterise and optimize an optical oxygen sensor using tris (4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline) ruthenium(II) dichloride complex for measuring oxygen. Different sensor properties were additionally studied, focusing on the interference of external light, temperature, and various gases. A special gas-mixing chamber was developed for gas interference study, and online experiments are presented for oxygen determination within the pilot biogas reactor.
Keywords: tris(4, 7-diphenyl-1, 10-phenanthroline)ruthenium(II) dichloride complex, oxygen optical sensor, interferences, biogas
Published: 01.06.2012; Views: 1172; Downloads: 38
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4. Spin-coating for optical-oxigen-sensor preparationPolona Brglez, Andrej Holobar, Aleksandra Pivec, Mitja Kolar, 2014, original scientific article Abstract: Thin-film oxygen sensors were prepared using the spin-coating technique, where a tris (4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline) ruthenium(II) dichloride complex (RuDPP) in various solvents and silicones deposited on different substrates was used for the sensor production. By changing the spin-coating set-up parameters, homogeneous sensor coatings and the optimum sensor response to oxygen were studied – the sensors were exposed to various concentrations of oxygen within the range from 0% to 100 %. During the presented study, the optimum results were obtained when a 150 µL of sensor solution was applied to a Dataline foil using silicone E4 and a chloroform solvent. A spin coater with the following three rotation stages was used: 750/700 r/min for 3 s, 300 r/min for 3 s and 150 r/min for 4 s. The spin-coating technique has several benefits: it is fast, easy to use and appropriate for low-volume operations. It allows modifications and preparations of several sensor series using the minimum reagent consumption. However, the disadvantage of this technique also has to be mentioned, namely, an uneven film thickness in the radial direction. The film thickness mainly depends on the experimental set-up (volume, rotation time and speed, solvent viscosity and evaporation). Spin coating as an alternative and very flexible technique for an oxygen-sensor preparation is suggested for the laboratory-scale work, where the majority of experimental data could be used when other new coating methods are also researched and implemented.
Keywords: optical sensors, spin coating, oxigen
Published: 21.12.2015; Views: 505; Downloads: 25
Full text (254,63 KB) |
