1. Integrirani molekularni tkivni označevalci : matematični model v pristopu k oceni in predvidevanju raka prostate s tkivnimi molekularnimi označevalciMiha Munda, 2024, original scientific article Abstract: Standardni kriteriji za diagnozo raka prostate mnogokrat niso zadostni, da bi predvideli potek in izhod te pogoste bolezni. Vrednotenje molekularnih tkivnih označevalcev, še posebej tistih, ki označujejo apoptozo in proliferacijo, integrirani v matematični model, lahko pridonese k boljšemu razumevanju razvoja in patogeneze te bolezni; nadalje tudi k izboru oz. določitvi adekvatne terapije in bi odprlo tudi nove perspektive v iskanju novih terapij.
Keywords: matematični model, rak prostate, tkivni označevalec, p53, bcl-2, CD105, mathematical model, prostate cancer, tissue marker, p53, bcl-2, CD105
Published in DKUM: 28.01.2025; Views: 0; Downloads: 19
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2. A comparative study of virtual microscopy versus traditional microscopy for introduction into the histology curriculum at a Faculty of MedicineTanja Prunk Zdravković, Bogdan Zdravković, Miha Munda, 2015, original scientific article Abstract: Purpose: We currently employ traditional microscopy with glass slides for teaching purposes. Here, we performed a pilot survey on the potential implementation of virtual microscopy. Experienced peer tutors were asked to participate in the evaluation of virtual microscopy versus traditional microscopy. Our main objectives were to determine: whether there is a statistically significant difference in time to locating a structure on a glass slide versus a virtual slide, the possible advantages and disadvantages of each microscopy method, and the benefits of virtual microscopy over traditional microscopy (1-3). Methods: Glass slides were scanned with the Aperio ScanScope CS slide scanner for use as virtual slides. Peer tutors were asked to locate the same structures on each glass slide and the corresponding virtual slides. Times needed to locate these structures were individually measured, and a question- naire (a modified and translated version of the College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University virtual microscopy survey) on the advantages of practical use of virtual microscopy provided at the end. Results: One sample t-test showed significant differences (p<0.01) in mean time to locate a structure on glass (23.0s) versus virtual slides (12.5s). In commentaries, peer tutors reported a preference for a combination of traditional and virtual microscopy in practical sessions. Conclusions: Assessors considered virtual microscopy easy to use. Time needed to locate a structure on virtual slides was significantly shorter. After additional surveys, we envisage successful implementation of virtual microscopy in conjunction with traditional microscopy in the histology curriculum.
Keywords: virtualna mikroskopija, virtualni diapozitivi, pilotna raziskava, histologija, kurikulum
Published in DKUM: 11.04.2024; Views: 198; Downloads: 10
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5. Optimizacija slikovnih operatorjev za segmentacijo mikroskopskih slikTomaž Avberšek, 2018, master's thesis Abstract: Delo obravnava obdelavo mikroskopskih slik celic oz. tkiv na podlagi večstopenjske digitalne obdelave slik. Namen je bila optimizacija morfoloških operatorjev za segmentacijo mikroskopskih slik. V delu sta uporabljena Bayesova segmentacija in genetski algoritem pri iskanju dobrega kromosoma za optimiziranje rezultatov slikovne segmentacije. Pri učenju in testiranju smo uporabili slike modro in rjavo obarvanih celic z merilno skalo 50 μm. Učno množico je sestavljalo sedem, testno pa enajst slik velikosti 2088 x 1550 pikslov. Natančnost segmentacije je bila boljša pri rjavih pikslih in je v povprečju dosegla 76 odstotkov pri metriki pravilno pozitivno zaznanih pikslov. Z 51 odstotki pri isti metriki se je segmentacija modrega razreda odrezala precej slabše.
Keywords: genetski algoritem, segmentacija, celice, optimizacija, Bayes
Published in DKUM: 24.08.2018; Views: 1805; Downloads: 132
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6. TMPRSS2:ERG gene aberrations may provide insight into pT stage in prostate cancerZoran Krstanoski, Nadja Kokalj-Vokač, Andreja Zagorac, Boris Pospihalj, Miha Munda, Sašo Džeroski, Rastko Golouh, 2016, original scientific article Abstract: Background: TMPRSS2:ERG gene aberration may be a novel marker that improves risk stratification of prostate cancer before definitive cancer therapy, but studies have been inconclusive.
Methods: The study cohort consisted of 202 operable prostate cancer Slovenian patients who underwent laparoscopic radical prostatectomy. We retrospectively constructed tissue microarrays of their prostatic specimens for fluorescence in situ hybridization, with appropriate signals obtained in 148 patients for subsequent statistical analyses.
Results: The following genetic aberrations were found: TMPRSS2:ERG fusion, TMPRSS2 split (a non-ERG translocation) and ERG split (an ERG translocation without involvement of TMPRSS2). TMPRSS2:ERG gene fusion happened in 63 patients (42 %), TMPRSS2 split in 12 patients and ERG split in 8 patients. Association was tested between TMPRSS2:ERG gene fusion and several clinicopathological variables, i.e., pT stage, extended lymph node dissection status, and Gleason score, correcting for multiple comparisons. Only the association with pT stage was significant at p = 0.05: Of 62 patients with pT3 stage, 34 (55 %) had TMPRSS2:ERG gene fusion. In pT3 stage patients, stronger (but not significant) association between eLND status and TMPRSS2:ERG gene fusion was detected. We detected TMPRSS2:ERG gene fusion in 64 % of the pT3 stage patients where we did not perform an extended lymph node dissection.
Conclusions: Our results indicate that it is possible to predict pT3 stage at final histology from TMPRSS2:ERG gene fusion at initial core needle biopsy. FISH determination of TMPRSS2:ERG gene fusion may be particularly useful for patients scheduled to undergo a radical prostatectomy in order to improve oncological and functional results.
Keywords: FISH, predicting pT stage, radical prostatectomy, prostate cancer, TMPRSS2:ERG fusion
Published in DKUM: 29.06.2017; Views: 1953; Downloads: 413
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7. Morphometrical analysis of the p53 tissue marker in prostatic adenocarcinoma and its relationship to Gleason score and PSA levelMiha Munda, Barbara Dariš, Tine Hajdinjak, Rajko Kavalar, Draga Štiblar-Martinčič, 2013, original scientific article Abstract: Purpose: Prostate cancer is one of the most common malignancies worldwide. The possible prognostic value of tissue markers, such as p53, may give a better understanding of this disease, improve staging accuracy, and help in choosing optimal treatment. In this study, we examined p53 expression and its correlation with Gleason score, prostatespecific antigen (PSA) levels, and patient age in a Slovenian population. Methods: This retrospective pilot study included 25 radical prostatectomy patients. The immunohistochemical expression of p53 was determined and expressed as a p53 index. In addition, correlations between p53 index, Gleason score before and after prostatectomy, PSA level, and patient age were statistically evaluated. Results: The p53 tissue marker was unevenly distributed in prostate cancer independently of local Gleason pattern; however, its expression correlated with Gleason score after prostatectomy and showed borderline correlation with PSA. There were also statistically significant correlations between Gleason score before and after prostatectomy, PSA level, and patient age. Conclusions: Despite the low number of cases presented in this study, our results demonstrate that p53 may have predictive value in prostate cancer. Thus, p53 is a promising tissue marker that can be used as an additional diagnostic parameter.
Keywords: rak prostate, tkivni označevalci, p53, imunohistokemija
Published in DKUM: 30.12.2015; Views: 1848; Downloads: 62
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8. Comparison of microvessel density and PSA level in prostatic adenocarcinoma of Gleason score 6 and 7Barbara Dariš, Miha Munda, Tine Hajdinjak, Rajko Kavalar, Draga Štiblar-Martinčič, 2012, original scientific article Keywords: adenokarcinom prostate, angiogeneza, endoglin, gostota malih žil, imunohistokemija
Published in DKUM: 10.07.2015; Views: 1775; Downloads: 37
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9. Vrednotenje izražanja in napovedna vrednost nekaterih tkivnih molekularnih označevalcev raka prostateMiha Munda, 2012, doctoral dissertation Abstract: Rak prostate je med vsemi rakavimi obolenji pri moških v Sloveniji in v svetu na prvem mestu.
Kriteriji, ki so trenutno na razpolago za diagnozo raka prostate, pogosto poteka in izida bolezni ne predvidijo zadovoljivo. Pri odkrivanju in zdravljenju raka prostate so potrebni novi označevalci, ki bi omogočali natančnejšo opredelitev posameznikovega tveganja za nastanek in potek bolezni.
Tkivni označevalci, še posebej tisti, ki označujejo apoptozo, proliferacijo in gostoto malih žil, so po našem mnenju eni izmed najpomembnejših, ki bi lahko dali večji vpogled in nova spoznanja o biologiji raka prostate. Korak naprej v ovrednotenju in razumevanju izražanja teh tkivnih označevalcev v raku prostate, bi lahko pripomogel k boljšemu razumevanju razvoja oz. patogeneze te bolezni, pomagal pri izbiri zdravljenja s čimmanj stranskimi učinki, lahko pa bi odprl tudi nova izhodišča v iskanju učinkovitejših terapij.
Vzorce raka prostate iz prostatektomije, vklopljene v parafin, smo obarvali z imunohistokemično metodo za prikaz tkivnih označevalcev (p53, Caspase 3, bcl-2, CD105) in rezultate primerjali s podatki o starosti bolnika, vrednosti PSA, oceno po Gleasonu pred in po operaciji, stadijem T, oceno po D'Amicu in ponovitvijo bolezni. Ugotoviti smo želeli povezave med proliferacijsko in apoptotsko aktivnostjo, angiogenezo ter morfološkimi značilnostmi oz. s stopnjo razvitosti tumorja po Gleasonu.
Razvili smo matematični model, ki upošteva apoptotsko/proliferacijske značilnosti označevalcev. Vrednosti matematičnega modela smo primerjali z enakimi parametri kakor vrednosti posameznih tkivnih označevalcev. Ugotavljali smo tudi, ali se skupini bolnikov z ocenama po Gleasonu 6 in 7 značilno razlikujeta med seboj.
Rezultati raziskave so pokazali, da bi tkivna označevalca p53 in bcl-2 lahko imela napovedno vrednost, če ju izrazimo posamič kot indeks ali v matematičnem modelu. Tudi CD105, izražen kot gostota malih žil, je izkazal tendenco napovedne vrednosti, s katero v matematičnem modelu dopolni rezultate indeksa p53 in bcl-2. Caspase 3 se v tkivu raka prostate slabo izraža in ni povezan z nobenimi klinično pomembnimi vrednostmi. Pokazali smo tudi, da so rezultati boljši, če vrednosti posameznih tkivnih označevalcev integriramo v matematični model, kot če uporabimo označevalce posamič. Skupini bolnikov z oceno po Gleasonu 6 in 7 lahko ločimo tudi po izražanju tkivnih označevalcev in še bolj po vrednostih matematičnega modela.
S podrobnejšim opisom izražanja nekaterih tkivnih označevalcev v raku prostate smo prispevali k boljšemu razumevanju biološkega poteka te bolezni tudi na slovenski populaciji. Tkivni označevalci p53, bcl-2, CD105 in še posebej na novo razviti matematični model smo dodali k veliki skupini označevalcev, katerih klinična napovedna vrednost potrebuje potrditev z več raziskavami.
Keywords: imunohistokemija, tkivni označevalci, rak prostate, p53, bcl-2, Caspase 3, CD105, matematični model
Published in DKUM: 15.01.2013; Views: 3363; Downloads: 366
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